Can I check the previous call records and SMS bills when I go to the mobile company through the public security department after the cancellation of my mobile phone number?

No. Your information will only be kept for three months after you cancel the number. After three months, the number may be distributed to others. You can't check other people's communication information. Some of your previous information will be saved with larger equipment capacity, but the public security department can't help you check it unless it is to investigate criminal offences. That's a matter for the public security bureau. You can't let the public security department check it for you.