Key points of landscape sculpture design to improve the attraction of scenic spots!

It is also a strategy to enhance the attraction of tourist attractions by using sculpture landscape design to contrast the big environment to enhance the cultural connotation and humanistic characteristics of the big environment, and at the same time to enhance the tourism environment and enhance the interest and attraction of the overall environment. Let's take a look at the key points of landscape sculpture design to improve the attraction of tourist attractions!

First, the types of landscape sculpture

According to the different functions of landscape sculpture, it can be divided into four types: commemorative landscape sculpture, thematic landscape sculpture, decorative landscape sculpture and exhibition landscape sculpture.

Memorial landscape sculpture

Memorial landscape sculpture must have sculpture, and it must be mainly sculpture. Commemorate people and events in the form of sculptures. The most important feature of memorial landscape sculpture is that it is in the center or leading position in the environmental landscape and plays a role in controlling and directing the whole environment. All environmental elements and general graphic design should obey the overall concept of sculpture.

Memorial landscape sculptures can be built into large and small types according to needs. The large-scale memorial environment includes the memorial landscape sculpture of the motherland established by the former Soviet Union to commemorate the victory of the anti-fascist war and the famous bloody battle in Stalingrad. Memorial landscape sculptures are not necessarily large, but smaller ones are more common.

② Theme Landscape Sculpture

Theme landscape sculpture refers to revealing some themes in a specific environment through theme landscape sculpture. The organic combination of theme landscape sculpture and environment can give full play to the special role of landscape sculpture and environment. This can make up for the lack of ideographic function in the general environment, because it is impossible or difficult for the general environment to express some ideas concretely.

The most important thing of theme landscape sculpture is that the sculpture theme should be appropriate. Generally, realistic techniques are adopted.

③ Decorative landscape sculpture

Decorative landscape sculpture takes decorative landscape sculpture as the main part of the environment. The adjustment of decorative landscape sculpture can enrich the environmental characteristics.

(4) Exhibition of landscape sculptures

Exhibition landscape sculpture refers to the environment with excellent sculpture works as the main content.

Second, the topic selection and site selection of landscape sculpture

Landscape sculpture is one of the important contents of urban planning, and its position must be determined from the overall urban planning and detailed planning documents. Urban landscape sculpture should pay attention to explore the theme that can express the characteristics of the city, whether it can become the symbol of the city or become the characteristic landscape of the city.

Third, the visual requirements of landscape sculpture viewing

Landscape sculptures are displayed in different environments, which limits people's viewing conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to predict and analyze the ornamental effect of a landscape sculpture in advance, especially its size and proportion, as well as the necessary perspective deformation and illusion correction.

Generally speaking, it is more appropriate for people to choose a better viewing position at a distance of two to three times the height of the observed object. If you want to see the object carefully, then the position where people move forward is roughly twice the height.

Michelangelo's reconstruction of Rome's Cabido Square in 1644 reflects a strict visual composition. Seen from the central axis, the sculpture of Kyle Orancos in the center of the square was originally based on the population of the northern buildings, and the overall relationship was not complete until the sculpture reached an angle of 27 degrees. When turning to the decorative sculpture itself and breaking through the 27-degree angle, the background has become a subordinate position.

The visual requirements of landscape sculpture viewing are mainly adjusted by the change of the relationship between horizontal field of vision and vertical field of vision.

1, application of line-of-sight graphic method in landscape sculpture design

The graphic method of sight in architecture can also be applied to the design of environmental landscape sculpture. Using the line-of-sight graphic method can help us to study the relationship between landscape sculptures and the surrounding environment and describe their own scale relationship.

The line of sight graphic method can also solve the reflection problem of landscape sculpture. There are many landscape sculptures on or near the water surface, which involves the relationship between the height of landscape sculptures and the size of the water surface. In order to achieve better results, we can use the view solution. Mainly through three factors to coordinate the relationship between them: preset the position and height of the sculpture; Horizontal layout; According to the physical mirror reflection drawing method, the reflection position map can be obtained.

2. The perspective deformation in landscape sculpture construction is correct.

When people observe the tall landscape, there are bound to be problems such as shortening the object image and perspective deformation of various parts of the object image, which directly affect the appreciation. In order to overcome the direct influence of perspective deformation on people's appreciation of landscape sculpture, the simple method is to lean forward the landscape sculpture, but this leaning forward is limited, and the center of gravity should be considered. Most landscape sculptures are mainly surrounded by four sides.

Fourthly, the base design of landscape sculpture.

The base design of landscape sculpture is as important as landscape sculpture, because the base is the foundation and link of sculpture. The design of the pedestal is not only connected with the ground environment, but also with the landscape sculpture itself. A good pedestal design can increase the performance effect of landscape sculpture, and also make landscape sculpture coordinate with the ground environment and surrounding environment.

There are four basic types of pedestal design: monument type, chair type, desktop type and platform type.

1, stone tablet style

Most of them mean that the height of the pedestal exceeds the height of plastic, the architectural elements are the main body, the pedestal design is almost a complete monument main body, and the sculpture is only the starting point. Therefore, the design of the monument is the key content. For example, Harbin Flood Control Victory Monument is a model of western classical columns with circular grooved lines, and the transition treatment of circular bronze waist is adopted to achieve a unified effect of vertical carving on the upper part and relief on the lower part.

2. Seat type

This means that the height ratio of the landscape sculpture itself to the pedestal is basically similar to 1: 1. This proportion is one of the main styles of landscape sculpture in the classical period. This proportion can make the artistic image of landscape sculpture fully and appropriately expressed.

In the past, the seat base was mostly classical. China's classical pedestal adopts Sumitomo, and the proportion and composition of each part are very strict and solemn. The pedestal of the sculpture group in the front square of China Agricultural Exhibition Hall is a simplified classical Sumitomo pedestal, but this pedestal form is less and less used in the pedestal of modern landscape sculpture. The pedestal design of Qu Yuan Monument in Wuhan East Lake adopts a simple composition technique, which looks like a vase, and a moire relief is designed in the center of the pedestal, which implicitly expresses Qu Yuan's artistic conception of heaven.

In foreign countries, the techniques of column foundation in ancient Greece, Rome and Renaissance are mainly adopted, and there are also three-stage compositions of classical foundation with walls and eaves. The pedestals of many classical sculpture monuments have evolved from these structures. The pedestals of Watt Monument in Britain and Goethe and Schiller Monuments in Germany are all evolved from classical styles.

The ratio of the riding statue in Moscow, Russia to the base of the Freedom Monument is 1: 1. The ratio of Pushkin monument to pedestal is also 1: 1.

The pedestal of modern landscape sculpture should be treated more concisely. It should adapt to the characteristics of modern environmental design and architectural humanistic environment.

3. Desktop

This means that the ratio of the height of the sculpture to the height of the pedestal is lower than 1: 0.5, which shows the horizontal structure of the pedestal. The artistic effect of this pedestal is approachable. Many outdoor sculptures in henry moore use tabletop pedestals. The bottoms of the three standing portraits he made in London are less than one sixth of the height of the sculpture. The bases of two reclining statues made in Sweden are only 60 cm high, almost flush with the ground.

The desktop example also uses the sculpture of Andersen in Copenhagen, which is placed in the shade of the street.

4. Flat type

Flat base mainly refers to the form of base that is not exposed without base treatment. Because it is usually placed on the ground, lawn or water. It is relatively free and easy to integrate with the environment.

Although the design of landscape sculpture pedestal can be summarized into the above four categories, it should be used flexibly in actual design practice.

Five, the graphic design of landscape sculpture

There are several basic types of landscape sculpture graphic design:

(1) The central landscape sculpture is in the central position of the environment. Have an all-round observation perspective and pay attention to the characteristics of people flow in graphic design.

(2) The T-shaped landscape sculpture has obvious directionality at one end of the environment, and the viewing angle is 180 degrees. Magnificent and solemn.

(3) The pedestrian landscape sculpture is located at one side of the pedestrian streamline. Although it has a viewing angle of 180 degrees, it is not as solemn as the T-shape. It is more suitable for the layout of small decorative landscape sculptures.

4 counterpoint? .

The above is all the introduction about the key points of landscape sculpture design, hoping to bring reference help to tourists and scenic designers. Landscape sculpture design takes sculpture as the communication carrier of landscape, which is mainly manifested in the aesthetic feeling, historical and cultural value, symbolic value and interesting value of sculpture itself!

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