Interpretation of ethnic festivals's Dietary Customs

There is such a legend in the Tibetan Bath Festival.

Every night in late summer and early autumn, a very bright star appears in the southeast of Lhasa. At this time, the Tibetan people began the annual bathing festival. Legend has it that this star only appears in seven nights. Why do people designate seven nights when stars appear as bathing festivals? A long time ago, there was a famous doctor on the grassland. His name is Yuto Yun Dan Gombo. His medical skill is brilliant, and he can cure any intractable diseases. Therefore, King Chisong Dêzain of Tibet asked him to be a doctor to treat Tibetan kings and concubines. However, after Yuto entered the palace, he still couldn't forget the people on the grassland. He often uses the time when he goes out to collect medicines to treat people. One year, a terrible plague prevailed, and many herders were bedridden, and some were killed. At this time, the Jade Rabbit ran on the vast grassland to treat the sick herdsmen. He collected all kinds of drugs from the old forest of the snow-capped mountains, and whoever ate them would be cured. I wonder how many dying patients have recovered. The name of Dr. Yuto is widely read on the grassland, and people call him the King of Medicine. Unfortunately, Dr. Yuto passed away. After his death, a terrible plague occurred on the grassland, which was more serious than the previous one, and many people died. The dying herdsmen had to kneel on the ground and pray to heaven, hoping that God would bless them. Coincidentally, one day, a woman tortured by illness had a dream. In the dream, Dr. Yuto said to her, "Tomorrow night, when a bright star appears in the southeast sky, you can take a bath in Jiqu River. Just take a bath. " Sure enough, after the woman bathed in Jiqu River, her illness was immediately eliminated. A yellow and thin patient turned into a healthy person with a red face after taking a shower. After the news spread, all the patients came to take a bath in the river. All the patients who took a bath eliminated their diseases and recovered their health. People say that this strange star was changed by Dr. Yuto. In heaven, Dr. Yuto saw that the grassland people were attacked by the plague again, and he could not come to earth to treat the people, so he turned himself into a star, turned the river into a potion by starlight, and let people bathe in the river to drive away the disease. Because God only gave Uto seven days, this star only appeared for seven days. Since then, the Tibetan people have designated these seven days as a bathing festival. At this time of the year, herders all over the country bathe in the nearby rivers. It is said that after bathing, people will be healthy and happy and will not get sick.

Yao Jie's national legend

According to legend, in ancient times, among the beautiful mountains, there were two equally tall Baoshan Mountains, and the one on the left was called "Brohi" Mountain, which stood like a warrior. The mountain on the right is called Miroto, like a girl in a long skirt. The two mountains are getting closer every year, and finally came together after 999. On the 29th day of the fifth lunar month, an earth-shattering earthquake struck. The tall and handsome Brosi and the slim Miruotuo came out of the cracks between the two mountains and got married. They have three daughters. Time flies, and Milo, with gray hair, tells her husband to let her three daughters stand on their own feet. The eldest daughter plowed the fields on the plains with plows and rakes, gave birth to children, and became a Han nationality. The second daughter picked out a load of books and left, forming a Zhuang nationality with her descendants. The third daughter took millet and hoes to open up wasteland in the mountains, lived and worked in peace and contentment, and became the ancestor of the Yao nationality. Through the hard work of the third daughter, the crops have borne numerous fruits. Who knows that there are unexpected events in the sky, and the fruits of the bumper harvest are eaten up by birds, animals and gophers in an instant. Miroto encouraged her daughter when she was in danger: "It is inevitable that there will be dark clouds in the sky and life will inevitably suffer setbacks. Strong winds can't blow Jinsong, and difficulties can't scare hardworking people. As long as you work hard, life will be happy. " Gave her a gong and a cat. The crops will grow more gratifying in the coming year. She rang the bronze drum given by her mother, scared away the birds and animals, released the cat, ate up the hamster and got a bumper harvest. In order to repay the kindness of grandparents, the girl celebrated her mother's birthday with a generous gift on May 29th. Since then, Yao people have taken their mother's birthday as a festival to celebrate the harvest.

Dai water-splashing festival

This is the biggest and most national festival of the Dai people. Songkran Festival is the New Year of Dai calendar, which is equivalent to the Spring Festival of Han nationality. Water-splashing Festival is called "Sanghan Bimai" in Dai language, which is named after people splashing water on each other during the festival. The Bulang, De 'ang and Achang nationalities in Yunnan also celebrate this festival.

The Dai people have many magical legends about the origin of the Water-splashing Festival. It is said that there was a demon king in the Dai area in ancient times, who did many evils, and people hated it, but they could do nothing. Later, the devil married seven girls, and the seven clever girls got their fatal weakness from the devil before he was killed. But when the devil's head fell to the ground, a fire broke out on the ground. The fire went out as soon as the girl picked up the devil's head. In order to prevent the fire from burning, seven girls take turns holding the devil's head and change it once a year. In the annual rotation, people throw water at the girl who holds the magic to wash away the blood stains and the fatigue of the year. Since then, in order to commemorate these seven girls, an annual traditional festival-Water-splashing Festival has been formed.

The Water-splashing Festival lasts from June 6th to July 6th in the Dai calendar, which is equivalent to April in the Gregorian calendar. At this time, the busy farming season of plowing and transplanting rice seedlings is about to begin. In order to bid farewell to the old year and usher in the new year, we pray that the Buddha and the gods will bless the bumper crops, the people will be prosperous, and people will be happy and bless each other. A few days before the festival, Dai Jia was busy killing cows and chickens, cleaning the house, washing dishes and utensils, sewing new clothes and preparing food and sacrifices for the festival. This festival lasts for three or four days. The first day is called "more than ten thousand is still rare", which means New Year's Eve. The last day is called "Wanba Wanma", which means "the day when the king of Japan comes", that is, New Year's Day of Dai calendar; One or two days in the middle is a gap of two years, which is called "Wannao". On the first morning of the festival, men, women and children should bathe and change clothes, and young people should dress up. In some areas, the day before the Songkran Festival, young men and women will go up the mountain to pick wild flowers and branches, set up greenhouses or towers in front of Buddhist temples, and build sand towers at the same time. On the day of the Songkran Festival, people go to Buddhist temples with offerings very early. At this time, the girls picked a load of fresh water with flowers and poured it into the dragon made of wood. Perfume flows from Longkou to Buddha to welcome dust. People wash their eyes with the water that washes the Buddha statue and pray for the blessing of the Buddha. Old people sprinkle water with their hands and branches to welcome and bless each other. Young people splash water on the old man first, then splash it with pots and buckets, and sing while splashing. The more they splash, the happier and stronger it becomes. Drums, gongs, splashing water and the cheers of "water-water-water" are linked together. Passers-by and distant tourists should also participate in splashing water to show their blessings.

During the Songkran Festival, traditional entertainment activities such as dragon boat racing, packet loss, flying lanterns and various song and dance parties will be held.

Tibetan fruit festival

August (no fixed date) is the Tibetan Fruit Festival. Generally, it takes three to five days for green pears to mature. The word "Guo Wang" is Tibetan, which means "turning fields into ridges".

During the festival, local Tibetans put on costumes, carried a "harvest tower" made of green pears and wheat ears, and carried slogans and colorful flags in the fields. After the transfer, there will be horse racing, performances, songs and dances and other cultural and sports activities.

According to legend, before 1500 years ago, there was a ceremony to turn the scriptures around Liejie and Naidong in Shannan. Whenever the crops are ripe, the villagers walk around the village and pray for a bumper harvest. After Buddhism was introduced into Tibet, the activities of Fruit Watching Festival increased the content of Buddhism, which has been passed down to this day.

Three festivals of Naxi nationality

There are several festivals in Naxi nationality in a year: Bangbang Festival, Sanduo Festival, Torch Festival, Ghost Festival (River Lantern Festival) and Mule and Horse Festival, but among these festivals, "Sanduo Festival" is the one with the most national characteristics. Because only the "Three Flowers Festival" is an important festival for the Naxi people to sacrifice "Three Flowers", and it is also the biggest festival for the Naxi people.

"Three Flowers Festival" originated from Beiyue Temple Fair in Yulong Village, Baisha, Lijiang. Naxi language is called "Ode to Three Flowers", which means "Sacrificing Three Flowers". According to Dongba's ancient books, Sanhua is the god of Yulong Snow Mountain, a hero who can enlist good warfare and help the poor. For thousands of years, they have been worshipped by Naxi people as protectors and war gods. It is said that Sanhua is a sheep, so every year on the eighth day of February, Naxi people from all over the country go to Beiyue Temple (Yulong Temple, also called Sanhua Temple) to worship and pray. Naxi compatriots not only hold festivals in Beiyue Temple, but also cook at home and burn incense to worship the "three flowers", as the poem says: "Every family is willing to open three flowers in spring and February."

Naxi compatriots believe that "Three Flowers" is the embodiment of Yulong Snow Mountain, which often shows saints and protects the safety of Naxi people. By the Tang Dynasty, temples had been built to offer sacrifices and were deeply believed by Naxi people. When Kublai Khan marched south to Dali and crossed Lijiang, he named the three gods "Great Sage Snow Stone Beiyue Dingguo Anbang Jingdi". After the Ming Dynasty, the wood and toast of Naxi nationality built a large scale, expanded and repaired three temples, cast cauldrons, clocks and other heavy objects, and recorded in detail all kinds of sacred objects of "Three Flowers".

Dong nationality fireworks festival

Dong nationality is a southern minority distributed in the adjacent areas of Guizhou, Hunan and Guangxi provinces, among which Guizhou province has the largest population and is called "Max Loehr", "Liao" and "Dong Man" in ancient literature. They are mainly engaged in agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting in Shanba, and their handicrafts are developed. It produces "Xianghe Nuo" (known as "the king of glutinous rice"), rice carp, camellia oleifera and fir trees, and is good at weaving Dong brocade. Drum Tower and Yufeng Bridge are unique and exquisite architectural art, and they are the landmark buildings of Dong Village.

The annual Fireworks Festival of Dong people is held at different times and places. Take Sanjiang Dong Autonomous County as an example, it is the third day of the first month (lunar calendar, the same below), Meilin is the second day of February, Fulu is the third day of March, and Linxi is October 26th. Fireworks are divided into the first gun, the second gun and the third gun. All the guns are tied with iron rings symbolizing happiness and wrapped with red and green lines. When detonated, the gunpowder iron gun was used as the impulse, and the iron ring was washed into the air. When the iron ring falls, people take the iron ring as the goal and compete for it, which is called "grabbing fireworks". It is said that whoever wins the fireworks will be prosperous and happy in this year. Dong opera, colorful minor, lusheng, leafy, basketball and other entertainment programs were also played at the venue. Fireworks Festival is the most lively festival in the hearts of Dong people.

Miao people's festival of eating new year's goods: September 5.

Highlight: Zhenyuan, Guizhou has the reputation of "hometown of dragon boats", and is also famous for its beautiful mountains and rivers, beautiful fields, profound historical and cultural connotations, and unique folk customs of Dong and Miao ethnic groups.

Location: zhenyuan county, located in the eastern edge of Guizhou, is a tourist attraction in the eastern part of Guizhou. Located on the slope of the transition from Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau to Xiangxi Hill, it is an ancient civilized city with a long history.

Appearance:

Market and bullfighting are the holiday features of eating New Year's Eve. Eating New Year's Day is a festival for Miao people to celebrate the harvest. Before the festival, people carefully feed their cows and horses; The girls embroidered beautiful dresses and ribbons and prepared silver ornaments; Boys are busy pruning and buying lusheng ... Eating New Year's Day is also a festival for Miao youth to fall in love-girls and boys are invited in groups to go to the market or watch bullfights.

Early in the morning, the girls in the stockade went out of their homes and ran to the nearby Lusheng field to dance Lusheng dance. There is a Miao proverb that "when the lusheng rings, the feet itch". Miao people believe that Lusheng was created by the original mother, and the sound made by Lusheng is the mother's voice. On the Lusheng field, whoever plays well will win the hearts of girls.

remind

Accommodation: There are small hotels everywhere in Guizhou county, and the basic cost is1one night from 0 yuan to 20 yuan.

Shopping: Batik and embroidery with national characteristics are the main features.

Gourmet: Spicy and sour is the outstanding flavor of Guizhou cuisine. Representative Guizhou cuisines include crispy fish, Gongbao eel, Dushan eel slice, Babao fish, Yuanyang Tianma pigeon, kung pao chicken and so on. Snacks include Wang Chang noodles, Lei Jia Tofu Garden, cakes, shredded chicken powder, lotus leaf Ciba, rice tofu and so on.