What should kindergarten teach?

Children's education pays attention to cultivating children's interests, so that children can have a free imagination and a healthy and relaxed mental state. The first sentence parents ask may not be "Baby, are you happy today?" What did the baby learn in kindergarten? Tell mom! "Indeed, parents are more concerned about their children's study in kindergarten. With the spread of interest classes from primary and secondary schools to kindergartens, parents who send their children to interest classes with various mentalities have to pay an interest class fee in addition to tuition fees. At the same time, there are some puzzles: does kindergarten teach painting after class and not take art classes in class? Can kindergarten interest classes be held during the admission time? What should kindergarten teach? With parents' questions, the reporter visited many kindergartens, education administrative departments and education experts in Xi 'an. ■ Parents don't understand: there is an extra charge for painting in kindergarten. Ms. He recently called our hotline to report that this year she sent her children to a kindergarten on Anyou Road and paid more than 600 yuan. A few days later, the teacher told the parents that they could voluntarily report their children to the interest classes held by the kindergarten. Ms. He's children have three interest classes at this age, and the fees range from 2 10 yuan to 280 yuan. They use 5: 30 to 7: 00 every day for so-called specialty training, and the teacher who undertakes the teaching task is still the teacher of this kindergarten. After taking her children to several classes, Ms. He couldn't help wondering about the curriculum of kindergarten interest classes. Singing, painting and dancing are all interest classes, and you have to pay extra to learn. Aren't these what kindergartens should teach? She said that teaching children to sing, dance and draw should be the responsibility of kindergartens and teachers, but now it takes extra money and time to learn. Therefore, she felt that the school's move was a bit inappropriate. Mr. Zhang, a parent, also questioned the interest classes offered by kindergartens. According to the arrangement of the kindergarten, the daughter's language class is arranged from 10:00 to 1 1:00, which means that "going to work" takes up the normal time of education and teaching activities in the kindergarten. Teacher Zhang thinks that if children don't attend these interest classes, what do they do and learn in kindergarten? If all courses are to be studied in interest classes, then tuition seems to be just a "custody fee". Problem 2: What can the baby learn in kindergarten? The reporter learned in the interview that there is a common phenomenon of running "classes" in kindergartens at all levels in Xi. At the entrance of a kindergarten in Anhuangmen, Xi 'an, it is very striking to write on the blackboard that parents are going to the kindergarten to pay for interest classes, and the words interest classes are specially marked with chalk. An old woman waiting to pick up her granddaughter outside the door told the reporter that the teacher recommended interest classes to parents according to the different characteristics of children. Interest classes include literacy, Bible reading, dance, music, piano, electronic organ, painting, calligraphy and so on. Parents and children can choose voluntarily, and the teaching time is one hour or one and a half hours after school in the afternoon, or between seven and eight in the evening. But many parents say they don't understand what their children have learned. Some parents are in favor of kindergartens running "classes". "I don't know what children learn in kindergartens? However, if the kindergarten does not engage in interest classes, I will still take my children to the Children's Palace or other educational institutions. Instead of this, it is better to learn in kindergarten, at least not taking up Saturday and Sunday. " The words of a parent surnamed Cheng represent the voices of some parents. So what should kindergartens teach to cater to parents' mentality and conform to children's growth and development characteristics? ■ The outline stipulates that kindergartens should organize teaching reporters from five aspects to learn from the provincial and municipal education administrative departments that the Guiding Opinions on the Reform and Development of Early Childhood Education issued by the Ministry of Education clearly stipulates that kindergartens should not charge extra fees on the grounds of setting up experimental classes, characteristic classes and interest classes. In addition, the Outline of Preschool Guidance Education clearly stipulates that kindergarten education has a wide range of enlightening contents, with games as the basic activity, which can be relatively divided into five areas according to the scope of children's learning activities, such as health, society, science, language and art, and kindergartens should organize teaching in these five areas. On the question of "what should be taught in kindergartens and what fees should be paid", some kindergarten directors said that kindergartens have corresponding teaching materials for children of different ages, such as language, music, science and health. But kindergartens don't have detailed syllabus and curriculum arrangements like primary and secondary schools. If children and parents need to learn more in-depth knowledge or professional knowledge, they need to use interest classes. As for the stipulation that kindergartens are strictly forbidden to offer various interest classes, it is also different from the actual situation. On this issue, the relevant person in charge of the Xi Education Bureau said that taking up normal teaching time to attend the courses of interest classes is to reverse the priorities, which is often not worth the candle. ■ Expert opinion There is a serious tendency of "primary school" in kindergarten teaching. Teacher Yu Ling, a pre-school education researcher at Xi 'an Institute of Educational Sciences, said in an interview recently that due to the long-term influence of the traditional primary school teaching model, many kindergartens have a serious tendency of "primary school", which caters to parents' tastes too much and offers abacus mental arithmetic, English and pinyin literacy teaching. Although there are music, art, sports and other contents, teaching only focuses on the memory, imitation and logical relationship between symbols and representations, which deviates from the original intention of education, that is, the embodiment of quality education in early childhood education is to cultivate children's interest, so that children can have free imagination and healthy and relaxed psychological state. Moreover, kindergartens should pay more attention to the educational value of life links, provide flexible and diverse educational content and activity space for children, and let them learn to live, explore and express. Learning content should be linked to real life scenes, that is to say, the activities of the day are all courses, not separate disciplines or fields. Teacher Yu also analyzed that some knowledge and abilities of interest classes can run through daily educational activities, and there is no need to cultivate children's special skills. Our reporter Yang Wenhua Intern reporter Li Juan's parents must study to prepare for the large class children to enter the primary school. For the parents of large class children, in the last semester of kindergarten, they are more concerned about the topic of young convergence. In response to many questions that confuse parents, our reporter recently interviewed Qian Zhiliang, an expert in children's education and a professor at Beijing Normal University. He made a special trip to Xi 'an to give a report on "Children's School Preparation". ■ Cultivate children's mood and self-confidence in school. Parents: The child is 6 years old and will go to primary school in September. I don't know what to do. What should I tell the children? Experts answer questions: entering primary school is formal education. First, let the children know "Why do you want to go to school?" "What attitude should we adopt towards going to school?" Let children know the purpose of learning and the essence of going to school, and can't say that going to school is for mom. Let children set lofty ideals, have goals and ideals. Secondly, we should cultivate children's emotions and self-confidence in school. Tell children that they need to face life independently when they grow up, and instill the concept that "learning above is pride". Have a formal conversation with children to stimulate their interest in going to school and solve their doubts. Read the amethyst with your children, but don't recite it. Tell him the meaning of the content. Let the children write their own names, remember their home phone number, home address and parents' unit, and briefly introduce themselves and their families. ■ Prepare an independent learning space for children Parents: It is always difficult for children to concentrate and be tired of learning in kindergarten. I wonder if they can adapt to primary school life. Expert Q&A: Parents' interests will affect children's interests and directly affect their academic performance. It is necessary to create a family atmosphere for children who love learning and work hard. Some parents let their children study hard and play mahjong by themselves, which will mislead their children and think that playing mahjong is a happy and important thing. Prepare an independent study space for children. Separate a space in the room and put a small desk and a small bookcase. The height of the table reaches the heart, and the feet just touch the ground; The table should be dark, or the tablecloth should be changed to dark; There must be a white wall opposite. Don't hang some popular paintings or other attractive decorations. The desk lamp is placed on the left, and the bulb is an incandescent lamp with 25 watts to 65 watts; On the right is the window, but you should stick enough paper. Otherwise it will cause distraction and inattention. Get your school tools ready. Schoolbag; The pencil box eliminates iron to prevent teachers and students from falling, which is also a sign of respect and courtesy; Ruler; Triangular plate; Small round-headed scissors; 5 HB pencils (full cut) and erasers (choose natural color); Automatic pencil sharpener; exercise book