How to deal with the masks used up during the epidemic in novel coronavirus?

Masks worn by suspected cases or confirmed patients should not be discarded at will, should be regarded as medical waste, and should be treated in strict accordance with the relevant procedures of medical waste, and should not enter the circulation market. Masks worn by healthy people have no risk of spreading novel coronavirus. Generally speaking, when the protective performance of the mask is reduced due to deformation, wetting or dirt, the mask should be replaced and treated according to the requirements of domestic waste classification.

Notice on printing and distributing the guidelines for the protection of people with different infection risks in novel coronavirus and the guidelines for the use of masks to prevent pneumonia in novel coronavirus

Health and Health Committees of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and members of the joint prevention and control mechanism of pneumonia epidemic in novel coronavirus, the State Council:

In order to guide the protection of people with different infection risks in novel coronavirus and reduce the risk of disease infection caused by improper use of protective equipment, we have organized experts to compile the Guidelines for the Protection of People with Different Infection Risks in novel coronavirus and the Guidelines for the Use of Masks to Prevent novel coronavirus from Infecting Pneumonia, which are hereby printed and distributed to you for your guidance and personal protection.

Epidemic prevention and control section

Bureau of Disease Control of National Health and Wellness Commission (seal)

65438+20201October 30th

Guidelines for the protection of people at different risk of infection in novel coronavirus

This guide is formulated to guide the protection of people with different infection risks in novel coronavirus. This guide is suitable for ordinary family members, travelers, isolated family members and people in specific industries.

First, ordinary family members

(1) Minimize outdoor activities. Reduce visiting relatives and friends and having dinner, and try to rest at home. Reduce to crowded public places, especially relatively closed places with poor air flow, such as public baths, hot springs, cinemas, Internet cafes, KTV, shopping malls, stations, airports, docks, exhibition halls, etc.

(2) Do personal protection and hand hygiene. Thermometers, masks and household appliances such as disinfection products. Masks that have not been in contact with suspected or confirmed patients and have good appearance, no odor and no dirt can be placed in a ventilated and dry place indoors after returning home for the next use. Masks that need to be discarded shall be handled according to the classification requirements of domestic waste. Maintain hand hygiene at all times, wash your hands with hand sanitizer or soap running water or use antibacterial hand gel after returning from public places, coughing and covering your hands, and before and after meals. When you are not sure whether your hands are clean, avoid touching your mouth, nose and eyes. Cover your mouth and nose with elbow clothes when sneezing or coughing.

(3) Maintain good living habits. The room should be clean, often open the window, often ventilate and disinfect regularly. Balanced diet, balanced nutrition, moderate exercise and adequate rest. Don't spit everywhere, wrap the mouth and nose secretions with paper towels and dispose of them in the covered trash can.

(four) take the initiative to do a good job of personal and family members' health monitoring, and take the initiative to measure the body temperature when you feel fever. If you have children at home, you should touch their foreheads sooner or later. If you have a fever, you should take his temperature.

(5) Suspicious symptoms such as fever, cough, sore throat, chest tightness, dyspnea, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, conjunctivitis, muscle aches, etc. You should go to a medical institution in time according to your illness.

Second, travelers

(a) daily life and work travelers, when going out to supermarkets, restaurants and other public places and taking public transport, should wear masks to minimize close contact with others. When the risk of infection is low, such as being alone, driving alone or walking alone in the park, you don't need to wear a mask.

(2) When you need to go to a medical institution with suspicious symptoms, you should wear a mask, and you can choose a medical surgical mask. Try to avoid taking subways, buses and other means of transportation and avoid going to crowded places. When visiting a doctor, medical staff should be informed of their travel and residence history and contact with others in the epidemic areas, and cooperate with medical and health institutions to carry out relevant investigations.

(3) Long-distance travelers need to know in advance whether the destination is an epidemic area. If you must go to the epidemic area, you should equip yourself with masks, portable antibacterial hand gel, thermometers and other necessary items in advance. Try to minimize close contact with others when traveling, and wear KN95/N95 and above particle protection masks in crowded public transportation places and when riding vehicles. When the mask is deformed, wet or dirty, it needs to be replaced in time. When going to popular areas, keep the information of public transport tickets for enquiry. When returning from the epidemic area, you should register with the residents' committees and villagers' committees in your community as soon as possible and conduct medical observation. The medical observation period is after leaving the epidemic area? 14? Jesus Christ. During medical observation, monitor body temperature and signs, try to live alone or in a well-ventilated single room, and reduce close contact with family members.

The third is home isolation personnel.

(a) close contacts of pneumonia cases infected with novel coronavirus, take home isolation medical observation. Is the medical observation period counted from the last contact with a case or infected person without effective protection? 14? Jesus Christ. Home isolation personnel should live relatively independently, try to reduce contact with residents of * * *, do a good job in cleaning and disinfecting medical observation places, and avoid cross-infection. Don't go out during observation. If you have to go out, you can only go out with the approval of medical observation management personnel, and wear medical surgical masks to avoid going to crowded places.

(two) home isolation personnel at least 2 times a day temperature measurement, declined to visit. Minimize close contact with family members, and do not use anything that may lead to indirect contact and infection of family members, including toothbrushes, cigarettes, tableware, food, drinks, towels, clothes and bedding.

(3) Others should wear KN95/N95 or above anti-particle masks when they enter the living space of isolated people at home, and do not touch or adjust the masks during this period. Try to avoid direct contact with isolated people at home. In case of direct contact, it should be cleaned and disinfected in time.

Fourth, people in specific industries.

(a) for public transport drivers, taxi drivers, public service personnel, armed police, traffic police, security personnel, media reporters, couriers and other industry personnel who are at risk of infection due to a large number of daily contacts, their units should be equipped with disposable medical masks or medical surgical masks or KN95/N95 and above particulate matter protective masks, as well as hand disinfectants, disinfectant tissues and thermometers. Personal protection should be done during work, and masks should be worn regularly. When the mask is deformed, wet or dirty, it needs to be replaced in time. Pay attention to hand hygiene, wash your hands with hand sanitizer or soap, or use antibacterial hand gel. Take your temperature at least twice a day. Under normal circumstances, you don't need to wear protective clothing, masks and other protective equipment. If you have suspicious symptoms (such as fever, cough, sore throat, chest tightness, dyspnea, fatigue, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, conjunctivitis, muscle aches, etc. ), should immediately stop working and home isolation or according to the condition of medical treatment.

(2) It is recommended to wear work clothes, disposable working caps, disposable gloves, disposable medical protective clothing, medical protective masks or electric air filter respirators, protective screens or goggles, work shoes or rubber boots, waterproof boot covers, etc. for isolation ward staff, medical observation places staff and suspected and confirmed case transfer personnel.

(3) For epidemiological investigators, when investigating close contacts, they should wear disposable working caps, medical surgical masks, work clothes and disposable gloves, and keep a distance of more than 1 m from the interviewees. When investigating suspected and confirmed cases, it is recommended to wear overalls, disposable working caps, disposable gloves, disposable medical protective clothing, KN95/N95 or above particulate protective masks or medical protective masks, protective screens or goggles, work shoes or rubber boots, waterproof boots, etc. For suspected and confirmed cases, we can also consider using telephone or video streaming.

(4) For specimen collectors and biosafety laboratory staff, it is recommended to wear overalls, disposable working caps, double gloves, disposable medical protective clothing, KN95/N95 and above particulate protective masks or medical protective masks or electric air filtration respirators, protective masks, work shoes or rubber boots and waterproof boots. Wear a waterproof apron or waterproof isolation gown if necessary.

(5) It is recommended to wear work clothes, disposable working caps, disposable gloves and long-sleeved thick rubber gloves, medical disposable protective clothing, KN95/N95 or above particulate matter protective masks or medical protective masks, work shoes or rubber boots, waterproof boot covers, waterproof aprons or waterproof isolation gown, etc. for environmental cleaning and disinfection personnel and corpse disposal personnel. When using power supply filter respirator, environmental cleaning and disinfection personnel should choose filter box or canister combining dust and poison according to the type of disinfectant, and do a good job in protecting chemicals such as disinfectant.

Guidelines for the use of pneumonia masks to prevent novel coronavirus infection

Masks are an important defense against respiratory infectious diseases, which can reduce the risk of novel coronavirus infection. The mask can not only prevent patients from spraying droplets, reduce the amount and spraying speed of droplets, but also block droplet nuclei containing viruses and prevent the wearer from inhaling. According to the current understanding of the disease, this guide is formulated on how to use masks correctly.

First, the principle of wearing

The basic principles are scientific and reasonable wearing, standardized use and effective protection. Details are as follows:

(1) You don't need to wear a mask in an open and ventilated place in a non-epidemic area, but you need to wear a mask when you enter a crowded or closed public place.

(two) it is recommended to wear disposable medical masks in open and ventilated places in areas with high epidemic incidence; When entering crowded or closed public places, wear medical surgical masks or particle protection masks.

(3) When going to a hospital with suspected symptoms, you need to wear a particulate protective mask or a medical protective mask without an exhalation valve.

(four) patients with basic respiratory diseases need to use protective masks under the guidance of doctors. Very young babies can't wear masks, which can easily lead to suffocation.

(5) Cotton masks, sponge masks and activated carbon masks have no protective effect on preventing virus infection.

Second, the recommended types and users of masks

(1) Disposable medical masks: It is recommended that the public use them in public places with few people.

(II) Medical surgical mask: The protective effect is better than disposable medical mask, and it is recommended to be worn by suspected cases, drivers of public transport companies, taxi drivers, sanitation workers and service personnel in public places.

(3) Protective masks for particles of KN95/N95 and above: The protective effect is better than that of medical surgical masks and disposable medical masks. It is recommended for field investigation, sampling and testing personnel, and the public can also wear it in highly crowded places or closed public places.

(4) Medical protective mask: It is recommended to be worn by medical staff in fever clinics and isolation wards, and it is also recommended to be worn when confirmed patients are transported.

Third, the principles of handling masks after use

(1) There is no risk of novel coronavirus transmission when healthy people wear masks. Generally speaking, when the mask is deformed, wet or dirty, resulting in a decline in protective performance, the mask should be replaced. Masks used by healthy people can be treated according to the requirements of domestic waste classification.

(two) masks worn by suspected cases or confirmed patients should not be discarded at will, and should be regarded as medical waste, which should be treated in strict accordance with the relevant procedures of medical waste and not allowed to enter the circulation market.

Four, children wearing masks standards and precautions

Suggest that children choose GB2626-2006? KN95, and mark the products of particulate matter protective masks for children or adolescents. Children should pay attention to the following items when using masks:

(1) Before wearing, children should carefully read and correctly understand the instructions with the help of their parents, so as to master the correct use of respiratory protective equipment;

(2) Parents should always pay attention to wearing children's masks. If children feel uncomfortable in the process of wearing masks, they should adjust or stop using masks in time;

(3) Because children's faces are too small to fit the edges of adult masks completely, it is not recommended for children to wear adult masks with tightness requirements.