The use of the seal of basic knowledge of painting and calligraphy

1. How to use seals in calligraphy works

Seal not only has artistic beauty, but also has the artistic skills of printing.

The seal plays the role of finishing touch. In calligraphy works, if the composition of white and Chinese characters of the seal is different, and the size is suitable for the characters of the work, or the vermilion inkpad used in the seal covers black and white paper to reflect the color, then this "finishing touch" effect can be fully exerted.

First, the common sense of the seal: (1) the texture of the seal. Good seals are generally made of stone, and seal engravers in past dynasties mostly used Qingtian stone and Shoushan stone.

Besides these two kinds of stones, other kinds of stones can also be selected, but the quality of materials is different, so we must pay attention to them when choosing. (2) the shape of the seal.

There are mainly squares, rectangles, rectangles, circles, natural rectangles or squares. The tones of seal script are mainly white, Zhu, Zhu and Bai.

Bai Wen and Zhu Wen have different uses: the former is used for China printing and bronze inscriptions, while the latter is used for Qin Xi and clay seals. (3) Types of seals.

There are two main types, namely, famous seals and leisure seals. The function of the famous seal is to engrave the name and nickname of the book writer, and the function of the leisure seal is to engrave some aphorisms and encouraging sentences, which should be drawn up by the users themselves. The number of words should not be too many, and it is best to keep it between two and four words.

In the leisure chapter, there is a rectangular, rectangular or long and irregular "introduction" and a square "pressure angle". Second, how to use the seal: signature, text size and paper area are the three major factors that determine the size of a famous seal and a leisure seal.

The seal can't be too small or too big. It has rules to follow: the size of the paragraph depends on the size of the text, the size of the seal depends on the size of the inscription, the size of the inscription is consistent with the size of the inscription, and the size of the seal can't exceed the size of the inscription. If the text is only one or two words, then the number of words in the paragraph is bound to be larger than the text, and the seal should be correspondingly larger.

If the text is written as a small word, then the words in the paragraph should be as small as the text, and the seal should be smaller accordingly. 3. The specific usage of the seal and the stamped part is as follows: (1) Name seal.

The seal of a famous artist is generally square, and it should be stamped under the author's name, with the name of the white article above and the nickname of Zhu's article below. Some names of Zhu and white articles are reversed.

Bai Wen and Zhu Wen cannot be covered with Bai Wen or Zhu Wen at the same time. (2) Leisure articles.

The introduction chapter in the leisure chapter must be covered in the upper right of the work, slightly lower than the text, while the corner seal is covered in the lower right of the work, which is symmetrical with the position of the leisure chapter. The introduction of the first chapter is in the head on the right side of the first line of the text, so there are fewer mistakes and corner prints on the right side of the first line of the text, so there are more references.

2. Calligraphy and painting works and common sense of seals

Common sense is as follows: 1, calligraphy and painting are all stamped, and seals are bigger than words.

Of course, it is a matter of course to cover a big word and a small word. 2. Chinese painting is stamped under the lettering, down to the bottom corner, and corner capping is not allowed.

For example, in the upper right corner, the lower left corner can be stamped with a leisure seal, in the upper left corner and in the lower right corner. If the above words are printed near the lower corner, there is no need to stamp leisure stamps.

3. Chinese painting banners are signed, and the left and right corners are not allowed to be stamped. Square leisure stamp can be affixed to the upper right corner, square leisure stamp can be affixed to the upper left corner and square leisure stamp can be affixed to the lower right corner.

If you don't need a random chapter here, you will be self-defeating. 4. Rectangular, circular and rectangular leisure chapters should not cover the position of the square corner-pressing leisure chapter in the lower corner.

5, the square leisure chapter can not be covered on the upper edge of painting and calligraphy, which is a distraction. Extended data:

There are many kinds of seals with a long history. Let me start with the history and types of seals: 1. The ancient seal of the Warring States period is the general name of the pre-Qin seal.

Most of the earliest seals we can see now are ancient seals from the Warring States period. The strokes of the seal are very fine, and they are all made by casting.

Most of the ancient seal characters in the white language are added with side bars or vertical grids in the middle, and the characters are cast and engraved. In addition to the names of Sima and Situ, the official seal has various irregular shapes, and the content is also engraved with auspicious words and vivid objects.

2. Qin Yin Qin Seal refers to the popular seal from the end of the Warring States Period to the beginning of the Western Han Dynasty, and the characters used are called Qin Zhuan. Look at its calligraphy style and Qin and Han dynasties, Qin stone carvings and other characters are very similar, all of which are easier to understand than the ancient people in China during the Warring States period.

Qin seals are mostly carved in white, and the surface of the seal often has a square. The official seal used by lower-level officials is about half the size of the general square official seal, and it is rectangular and square, which is called "semi-pass seal". Private seals are generally rectangular, but also round and oval. Besides the official name, name and Kyrgyz, there are proverbs and idioms such as "respect things", "think of success" and "live in harmony with the masses".

3. Broadly speaking, the official seal of Han Dynasty is a general term for the official seal from Han Dynasty to Wei and Jin Dynasties. Compared with Qin Zhuan, the seal is more neat, straight and square, and its style is vigorous and heavy.

At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, the handicraft industry was very developed, so the official seal ("Xin" was the name of Wang Mang Dynasty) was particularly exquisite and vivid in the times, and the seal art of the Han Dynasty reached its peak, so it became a model for future seal engravers to learn. The official seals of the two Han dynasties are mostly white, all of which are cast.

Only a few troops urgently needed and carved the official seal of the fraternal country without casting, which will be introduced later. Baidu Encyclopedia: Seal.

3. Common sense of seal calligraphy seal cover method

First, the artistic function of the seal The seal on a calligraphy work is an indispensable part of a calligraphy work. Without a seal, it is not a complete calligraphy work.

The seal was originally a token, which played the role of verification. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, calligraphers gradually realized the artistic function of seals and attached importance to them in their calligraphy works, which led to the emergence of the art of combining book and seal.

Books and seals are interesting to each other, which not only adds color to calligraphy works, enlivens the atmosphere and plays the role of "icing on the cake", but also adjusts the center of gravity, makes up for the lack of layout and plays the role of stable balance of works. Signing and stamping calligraphy works to show solemnity can prevent forgery; Covered with elegant and meaningful leisure chapters, you can also pin your ambitions and interests on this book.

Therefore, calligraphers have always attached great importance to the use of seals and even carved them themselves, so that the combination of seals and books can produce more beautiful and stronger artistic appeal. Second, several seals (1) commonly used in calligraphy works are the signature seals of the inscription.

Some names are linked together, while others are separated. The inscription is based on the word "one" and can also use a surname.

The name of the printed paragraph; This word, and then stamp it with your name. If money has a surname, you can use a name stamp; if money has no surname, or if you have no signature, you should use a name stamp to identify the author.

The ancients used chapters and paid attention to etiquette; Any humble and young person should be respected by books and should use the name seal; Words and seals used between peers; Elders should be given to humble and young people, so you can use another stamp. On the contrary, it is absurd and generous.

Zhang Daqian, a modern painter, believes that the shape of the name stamp is "square is the best, round is ok, and the waist is naturally not." Name seals are generally divided into Zhu Wen (Yang Wen) and Bai Wen (Yin Wen).

When a calligraphy work is stamped with two seals, it is best to have a Zhu and a Bai, and the two seals are of appropriate size. When multiple chapters are used at the end of a paragraph, the order is the name chapter first, then the word and number chapter.

(2) Leisure chapter is also called layout chapter, including introduction chapter, boundary chapter, corner chapter and waist chapter. 65438+

Whether to quote the first chapter of calligraphy works depends on needs. If the first paragraph is too neat, it needs to be "deformed"; The seal at the end of the paragraph is too heavy and needs to be "upgraded"; The distribution of seals on works is monotonous, so when it is necessary to "adjust", the first chapter should be considered. (1) The seal of Zhai Hao began with the imperial seal of Li Biduan's bedroom in the Tang Dynasty.

After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, this trend became more and more popular, and almost everyone in calligraphers had the seal of fasting. Wen Zhiming, a calligrapher of the Ming Dynasty, said, "Many of my bookstores are printed."

Zhai Hao is usually called Zhai, Tang, Shi, Lou, Ge, Guan, Xuan, An and so on. , such as Zhai, Tang, Shi, Lou, Pavilion, Laiqin Pavilion, Rain Appreciation Pavilion, Happy Days, etc. (2) Yazhang, that is, the chapter of ancient auspicious words, is full of meaning and elegance, or compiles philosophical and thought-provoking idioms and aphorisms, or records one's interests and wishes.

There are many chapters on elegant taste that encourage people to learn, such as "being earnest", "learning from others", "being fond of books", "being diligent", "learning from the past without learning from others", "learning from others", "reading poetry books", "being eager to learn makes people understand" and "being accumulated over time". Those who express their feelings, such as relying on virtue, being clear-headed, having fun, having fun in hardships, cherishing the shade, being willing to be a willing ox, being clean and pure, being indifferent to nature and being old-fashioned, etc. There are also those who show the interest of pen and ink, such as splashing ink, writing with a pen, fragrant fields, spiritual interest, avoiding others, obsessed with thinking, pursuing with hands, and working in inkstone fields. Some people wish good luck, such as "Zhu", "Changle", "Beauty is not old", "auspicious day", "Longevity" and "Forever". (3) The year stamp is used to record the year of the calligraphy works, such as Jiazi, Yechou, Bingyin or 19 * * *, 1990, 1980, 1990.

(4) The monthly stamp is used to record the monthly order of calligraphy works, such as last spring, such as the moon and the silkworm moon. 1. Border seal refers to a seal covering one side of a calligraphy work, which plays the role of blocking the edge and gathering gas.

2. A seal that covers the corner of a calligraphy work is called a corner seal. Take "Eagle Hand" in the upper right corner and "Betting Corner" in the two corners.

Stop the side seal and take only one side; Corner sealing can control both sides, and close to the corner plays the role of "blocking the edge and sealing the corner", "supplementing the emptiness" and adjusting and stabilizing the picture. 3. For calligraphy works with the same length as banners, if only a leadership chapter is stamped on the upper right, and the middle looks like a space, a waist chapter can be stamped, most of which is the native place of the calligrapher, or it can be printed into a small shape by the calligrapher's zodiac.

The middle chapter should be smaller than the first chapter and the name chapter at the end of the paragraph, and the three chapters should not be covered in a straight line. The above-mentioned leisure chapters are actually not "idle". If the bell is printed properly, it can not only play the role of pen and ink, but also play a role that pen and ink can not play.

As Pan Tianshou, a modern painter, said, "The opening chapter and corner pressing chapter, like the famous chapter, can play the role of making the color changes on the screen echo, breaking the flat plate and stabilizing the balance." (3) Collection seal is a seal appreciated by collectors.

According to records, the identification and collection of seals also began in the Tang Dynasty and prevailed after the Song Dynasty. Emperor Taizong wrote the word "Zhenguan" in the name of Lian Zhuyin, and Emperor Xuanzong wrote the word "Kaiyuan" in the name of Lian Zhuyin, both of which were used in royal Tibetan calligraphy and painting.

Later, many names appeared in the collection, such as collection, treasure and secret, approval, appreciation and reading. The seal used for collection should be determined according to the size of calligraphy and painting, so as not to damage stationery and pictures.

Some collectors often destroy pictures when stamping for their immortality, which should be vigilant. Third, the seal on the artistic calligraphy works printed by seal is not stamped at will, but has certain statutes.

Improper stamping will not only add icing on the cake, but will be self-defeating and destroy the artistic effect of the whole work. Therefore, how to seal it needs to be taken seriously and carefully considered.

Usually, we can grasp the following points: 1, the size is suitable for the size of the seal, it should match the size of the work, it should be equal to the inscription, it can be smaller, it cannot be larger than the inscription, and it is indecent. If the words are small and the paper is tight, you can use small joint beads to show your thoughtfulness.

When two seals with different sizes are used in the work, the seal at the top should be smaller and the seal at the bottom should be larger to maintain stability and avoid the disadvantage of top-heaviness. If several people cooperate, their seals should be the same size.

2. The quantity should be less than the sealed quantity. There is a "use it" seal.

4. Common sense of calligraphy and painting works and seals

1. Inscriptions and seals on paintings and calligraphy are not allowed. Of course, it is a matter of course to cover a big word and a small word.

2. Chinese painting is stamped under the lettering, down to the bottom corner, and corner capping is not allowed. For example, in the upper right corner, the lower left corner can be stamped with a leisure seal, in the upper left corner and in the lower right corner. If the above words are printed near the lower corner, there is no need to stamp leisure stamps. 3. Chinese painting banners are signed, and the left and right corners are not allowed to be stamped. Square leisure stamp can be affixed to the upper right corner, square leisure stamp can be affixed to the upper left corner and square leisure stamp can be affixed to the lower right corner. If you don't need a random chapter here, you will be self-defeating. 4. Rectangular, circular and rectangular leisure chapters should not cover the position of the square corner-pressing leisure chapter in the lower corner. 5. Square-inch leisure chapter cannot be covered in the blank space at the top of painting and calligraphy, which usurps the host's role. 6. Chinese painting is inscribed in a straight line, and the last word of the line is the same as the last word of other lines, so it is impossible to be neat, and so is stamping. 7. Cover it with two seals, one square and one round, which can't match. Isomorphic printing can match. 8. Cover it with two unmatched seals, one large and one small. The same size can be matched. 9. Use two sealing covers, one rectangular and one oval, which can't match. Isomorphic printing can match. 10. Covered with two seals (upper male seal and lower female seal), which cannot match. The upper yin and the lower Yang can match each other. 1 1. With two seals, the upper and lower languages cannot match. The upper yin and the lower Yang can match each other. 12. Stamp two seals, upper and lower, which cannot match. The upper yin and the lower Yang can match each other. 13. Inscription is not allowed under the seal. If there is an elbow above and below the seal, it will lose its natural phenomenon. 14. This calligraphy and painting has been signed and sealed. After payment, you can't give it to others, which will be disrespectful. 15. Stamps on flower heads, bird tails, branches and hilltops are not allowed. This is the painter's basic common sense, which is indispensable. 16. Artisans' seals should not be used for painting and calligraphy, but lithographs carved by art seal carvers are the best. 17. Calligraphy and painting are not suitable for common inkpad, but babao inkpad should be used. 18. Cover it with two seals, not too far or too close, just one seal apart. . . . . . . . . .

5. Common sense of calligraphy and painting works and seals

Inscription refers to the written content except the written content in calligraphy works.

Inscriptions include: the source of text content, the object of gift, the reason of creation, the time of creation, the author's name and font size, etc. There are two kinds of signatures: "double" and "single".

In the two paragraphs, the object and author of the book are placed above and below respectively, the former is the upper paragraph and the latter is the lower paragraph. The preceding paragraph shall specify the name, source and recipient's name of the work; The next paragraph describes the date, place and author's name of creation.

The preceding paragraph: the position should be relatively high to show respect, including name, title and modesty. Next paragraph: Write the time, place, name and modesty.

If there is a previous paragraph but there is no previous paragraph, it is called a single paragraph, which may or may not include the contents of the previous paragraph. If there are no books to give away, there are only single items.

Single segment has long segment, short segment and difference segment. Long paragraph refers to adding the author's feelings or reasons for creating this work before the writing time, name and place of the text source. Words should be sincere and meaningful, making people think deeply.

It not only plays a role in adjusting the focus of the work, but also reflects the author's character and cultivation. Short paragraphs only include the source, time, name and place of the text.

If there are many blanks in the work or because of the need of composition, you can leave a long paragraph; If the content of the work occupies the whole picture, it needs to be short or poor. If there is not much paper left and there are too few blanks, you can also just leave the author's name and call it "the poor man's money" (as shown below).

When designing the layout of calligraphy works, we should consider the position of inscriptions. If the gift book is a couplet, the first part must write a paragraph, and the second part must write the next paragraph; Other works are generally written on the left. If they sign in two lines, the first paragraph is written at the front and the next paragraph is written at the back. If you sign a single line, write the previous paragraph in the upper part and the next paragraph in the lower part to show politeness.

Neither single paragraph nor double paragraph can be flush with the text, so they should be staggered so as not to be flat. Generally, there should be a few words in the upper and lower positions, and the signature should be as close as possible, not tight and loose. Generally speaking, the lettering used for inscription is official script, regular script is not official script, and cursive script is not regular script.

Signing a contract is generally "literary style and modern style" and "literary style and lively style". The characters are Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Da Xiaozhuan, and the signatures are in seal script, script and running script; If the text is official script, regular script or Wei Bei, the signature can be regular script or running script; Cursive script is generally not used for inscriptions, except cursive script itself, because it is difficult to identify.

Running script is the most widely used type, which is easy to identify and lively. The size of the paragraph should be smaller than the size of the text font to make the priority clear.

The above signature forms are applicable to vertical works. For banner works, generally only remuneration is paid, but no remuneration is paid.

Like vertical works, the beginning and end of the inscription cannot reach or exceed the upper and lower words of the text of the work. Commonly used inscriptions 1 piece. Honorable names: my teacher, senior, Mr. and Ms.

If the elder is over seventy years old, he can be called an old man. An old man over eighty can be called XXX. Peer or younger generation: brother, elder brother, beloved elder brother, virtuous elder brother (younger brother), beloved elder brother (younger brother), Taoist friend, scholar, gentleman, young lady, legalist and doctor (referring to calligraphy and painting or a certain profession) are closely related: Xue (younger brother) and Wu (brother).

For example, when Mei Gong gave Mo a kiss, he could say: My brother gave Mo a kiss; Jing Jun's gift to Sabre Messenger can be said to be: Xiufeng's good friend Zheng Hui. Teachers treat students: Xue (Ren Di), Xue (Ren Di), and students: seniors, classmates, deskmates. 2. The courtesy terms or honorifics mentioned in the preceding paragraph are elegant, elegant, elegant, precious, precious, clear and definite. Stick to the wall, teach correctly, please correct it, correct it, teach it, straighten your wrist, hold it upright, remember, smile, laugh, laugh, learn, belong to, learn from and play with the polite expressions or words in the third paragraph. Purpose: to worship books, worship books, respect books and nod.

The mid-month order and other nicknames are: 1 month: the first month, the month of Meng, the month of early spring, beginning of spring, the year of Fang: mid-spring, the month of apricot, the month of Mei, the month of Hua, the month of mid-spring: Ji Chun, the month of late spring, the month of peach, the month of silkworm, and the month of Taobo: the month of Meng, the month of Huai, the month of wheat, the month of wheat and the month of Qinghe. Gui Yue, Zhengqiu, bimonthly, Guiqiu September: Qiu Ji, late autumn, gathering month, single month, gathering autumn October: Mengdong, early winter, bright moon, open winter, Yue Ji November, midwinter, long month, midwinter, snowy month and winter December: Jidong, remnant winter, twelfth month, third month, late winter and spring: sealed. Don't look at this little piece of red, it's really wonderful to make the finishing point. 1. Introduction to the first chapter (companion chapter, leisure chapter) This is the chapter with seal on the upper right of the work, also known as companion chapter, which follows the shape choice of the stone. Therefore, the introduction of the first chapter should not be a big square chapter, but a leisure chapter. The content of this small chapter should be mixed with the text. When people get married, you should give a banner "Good intentions, longevity" and cover the introduction of the first chapter "Bitterness"

The introduction chapter also includes the following contents: (1) year number chapter: Jiazi, Ebou, Bingyin, 1966, etc. (2) Month stamp: I, Grain Rain, Xia, etc. (3) Ramadan stamp: Zhuanjiao Xinzhai, Guanshi Building, Banshi Zhai, Shenzhong Rushi, Qin Moxuan, Taiyangtang, Morenju, Ruide Caotang, ji zi Pavilion, etc.

(4) Yaqu chapter: This kind of introductory chapter contains a wide range of contents, so it is necessary to prepare more ways, such as: gathering wealth and dispersing hair, playing with ink, showing talent and kindness, epigraphy and calligraphy, being happy and healthy, having fun in suffering, writing about my heart, loving ink, working hard, studying hard, being immortal in wine, being interesting and making the past serve the present, etc.

6. What are the seals of calligraphy (specific writing) and their uses?

There are many kinds of calligraphy and painting seals.

It can be divided into negative and positive language, seals made of different materials (such as stone and resin), seals with different shapes (square, round, triangle and other special shapes) and seals with different functions (famous seals, leisure seals, etc.). There are two main types of seals: name seal and leisure seal. The name stamp is engraved with the author's name, or single surname, or alias, and printed under or next to his name.

Depending on the size of the lower space with one or two sides, if the name is more than two-thirds of the longitudinal length, it can be stamped with seals on both sides. If the name is very low, there is no seal, and there is a lot of space next to it, you can stamp it on the left side of the name. The content of the leisure chapter often entrusts the author's thoughts and feelings and views on art. This can help the audience understand the author's works. In fact, leisure articles are not idle and rich in content.

The leisure chapter is generally covered in the blank space on the right side of the word line, also known as the "introduction chapter"; Cover the blank space after the title, also known as "footprint". The shapes of seals are square, round, oval or irregular, and they are large and small.

The size of the name stamp should be consistent with the font and book size of the work. Leisure chapters can be slightly larger, but they should also be commensurate with the size and style of the book.

In a word, it should be in harmony with the composition and layout of the whole work. The seal is divided into Zhu Wen and Bai Wen (there are also half Zhu Wen and half Bai Wen). Zhu Wen is a male seal, while Bai Wen is a female seal.

According to the needs of layout, we usually use white articles in negative language. Calligraphy is an art form of written expression in the world, including China calligraphy, Mongolian calligraphy, * * * calligraphy and English calligraphy.

Among them, "China Calligraphy" is a unique traditional art of Chinese characters in China. In a broad sense, calligraphy refers to the writing rules of characters and symbols.

In other words, calligraphy refers to writing with its brushwork, structure and composition according to the characteristics and significance of words, making it a beautiful work of art. China's calligraphy is an original performance art of the Han nationality, which is called: silent poetry, wireless dance; Paintings without pictures, silent music.