Common sense of oil storage tank safety

1. How to carry out the fire safety work in oil storage tank area?

Petroleum products are flammable and explosive. In the process of loading, unloading, storage, transportation and equipment inspection and maintenance, standardized and standardized operation procedures must be strictly followed. The phenomena of "low standards, old problems, bad habits" and "three violations" in operation can easily lead to oil fire accidents.

Therefore, in safety management, we must follow the HSE management system and firmly establish a long-term mechanism for equipment intrinsic safety and fire fighting; In terms of preventive measures, it is necessary to implement the responsibility of fire safety work to ensure the smooth operation of safety production; In accident rescue, we must follow the principle of "giving priority to saving lives, giving priority to the actions of emergency rescuers, and giving priority to preventing accidents from expanding" to minimize casualties and property losses. First, the safety factors affecting the operation of the tank farm (first, people's unsafe behavior.

Failure to take safety precautions and operate according to standards and specifications during the transportation, metering, valve management and maintenance of the tank farm may lead to accidents. (2) the unsafe state of things.

Defects in process design, equipment, protective measures and safety devices in the tank farm, failure to formulate effective preventive measures or inadequate implementation of measures may lead to accidents. (3) Forest fire.

Oil depots surrounded by mountains have many functions. Once a forest fire occurs in the surrounding area, it will pose a great security threat to the oil depot and easily lead to fire and explosion accidents in the oil depot. (4) Lightning strike.

The electromechanical effect force generated by lightning current can lead to metal melting or gasification under the high heat of lightning strike point, and in serious cases, it will cause deformation, disintegration, tearing and explosion of oil tanks and accessories. Two. Management measures of oil depot fire prevention In order to effectively prevent fire accidents, oil depot fire prevention should start from basic work, start from the maintenance of equipment and facilities, pay close attention to daily management, and take various fire prevention measures to build a strong backing for oil depot safety production.

(1) Focus on the long term. Strengthen the inspection of oil tank equipment and tank farm facilities, conduct regular risk assessment and hazard analysis, start with the safety education of employees, strengthen safety awareness, and standardize standardized operating procedures.

(2) Strictly master the tubules. Do a good job in the daily maintenance of equipment and facilities in the oil tank farm, start with fine management, implement the "four determinations" of equipment, and ensure that the equipment integrity rate and hidden danger control rate reach 100%.

(3) Focus on prevention. Strengthen seasonal forest fire prevention, build effective fire isolation belts and fire-fighting facilities, and strengthen patrol inspection in key periods to prevent mountain fires.

(4) Implementing responsibilities. Do a good job in compulsory inspection of lightning protection and antistatic equipment and self-inspection during thunderstorm-prone period to ensure the safety protection of oil tanks in sudden disaster weather.

Third, the tank farm fire safety management system. The fire prevention work and emergency management system of oil depot should start from many aspects, angles and measures, and formulate a feasible emergency rescue system to reduce accidents and property losses. (1) Construction of emergency management system.

Oil depots should formulate and improve fire fighting, emergency rescue, emergency repair and rescue plans according to geographical location, seasonal changes and surrounding conditions. In terms of system construction, first, coordinate the forces of all parties, link up and down, and cooperate with departments; The second is to improve the responsibility for hidden dangers rectification, emergency information transmission and emergency material support system; The third is to build a unified command, coordinated and orderly emergency management system; Fourth, constantly strengthen the drill and revision of the plan to ensure the integrity and feasibility of the plan.

(2) Fire prevention and rescue in tank farm. The fire prevention work and accident rescue of oil depot should follow the principle of "prevention first, combination of prevention and elimination". At present, under the condition of limited personnel in oil depot, measures should be taken to strengthen voluntary fire control organization and civil air defense, security and technical defense simultaneously. In the event of an emergency, the oil depot can give full play to its role as a voluntary fire control organization, start the up-and-down linkage mechanism, and rely on the strength of local * * * and fire control units to jointly handle and rescue.

2. What are the contents of the fire safety work in the oil storage tank area?

Regarding the safety and fire prevention work of oil storage tank area, oil products are flammable and explosive. In the process of oil collection, unloading, storage, transportation and equipment inspection and maintenance, we must strictly follow the standardized and standardized operation procedures, and the phenomena of "low standards, old problems, bad habits" and "three violations" in operation can easily lead to oil fire accidents.

Therefore, in safety management, we must follow the HSE management system and firmly establish a long-term mechanism for equipment intrinsic safety and fire fighting; In terms of preventive measures, it is necessary to implement the responsibility of fire safety work to ensure the smooth operation of safety production; In accident rescue, we must follow the principle of "giving priority to saving lives, giving priority to the actions of emergency rescuers, and giving priority to preventing accidents from expanding" to minimize casualties and property losses. First, the safety factors affecting the operation of the tank farm (first, people's unsafe behavior.

Failure to take safety precautions and operate according to standards and specifications during the transportation, metering, valve management and maintenance of the tank farm may lead to accidents. (2) the unsafe state of things.

Defects in process design, equipment, protective measures and safety devices in the tank farm, failure to formulate effective preventive measures or inadequate implementation of measures may lead to accidents. (3) Forest fire.

Oil depots surrounded by mountains have many functions. Once a forest fire occurs in the surrounding area, it will pose a great security threat to the oil depot and easily lead to fire and explosion accidents in the oil depot. (4) Lightning strike.

The electromechanical effect force generated by lightning current can lead to metal melting or gasification under the high heat of lightning strike point, and in serious cases, it will cause deformation, disintegration, tearing and explosion of oil tanks and accessories. Two. Management measures of oil depot fire prevention In order to effectively prevent fire accidents, oil depot fire prevention should start from basic work, start from the maintenance of equipment and facilities, pay close attention to daily management, and take various fire prevention measures to build a strong backing for oil depot safety production.

(1) Focus on the long term. Strengthen the inspection of oil tank equipment and tank farm facilities, conduct regular risk assessment and hazard analysis, start with the safety education of employees, strengthen safety awareness, and standardize standardized operating procedures.

(2) Strictly master the tubules. Do a good job in the daily maintenance of equipment and facilities in the oil tank farm, start with fine management, implement the "four determinations" of equipment, and ensure that the equipment integrity rate and hidden danger control rate reach 100%.

(3) Focus on prevention. Strengthen seasonal forest fire prevention, build effective fire isolation belts and fire-fighting facilities, and strengthen patrol inspection in key periods to prevent mountain fires.

(4) Implementing responsibilities. Do a good job in compulsory inspection of lightning protection and antistatic equipment and self-inspection during thunderstorm-prone period to ensure the safety protection of oil tanks in sudden disaster weather.

Third, the tank farm fire safety management system. The fire prevention work and emergency management system of oil depot should start from many aspects, angles and measures, and formulate a feasible emergency rescue system to reduce accidents and property losses. (1) Construction of emergency management system.

Oil depots should formulate and improve fire fighting, emergency rescue, emergency repair and rescue plans according to geographical location, seasonal changes and surrounding conditions. In terms of system construction, first, coordinate the forces of all parties, link up and down, and cooperate with departments; The second is to improve the responsibility for hidden dangers rectification, emergency information transmission and emergency material support system; The third is to build a unified command, coordinated and orderly emergency management system; Fourth, constantly strengthen the drill and revision of the plan to ensure the integrity and feasibility of the plan.

(2) Fire prevention and rescue in tank farm. The fire prevention work and accident rescue of oil depot should follow the principle of "prevention first, combination of prevention and elimination". At present, under the condition of limited personnel in oil depot, measures should be taken to strengthen voluntary fire control organization and civil air defense, security and technical defense simultaneously. In the event of an emergency, the oil depot can give full play to its role as a voluntary fire control organization, start the up-and-down linkage mechanism, and rely on the strength of local * * * and fire control units to jointly handle and rescue.

3. What are the safety requirements for oil tank installation?

The safety requirements for oil tank installation are as follows: (1) The oil storage tank of automobile gas station should be horizontal steel oil tank, and the effective thickness of tank wall should not be less than 5 mm ..

If the wall thickness of oil tank is less than 5mm, it can not meet the requirements of buried strength and additional corrosion allowance. Even if it does not collapse, the tank wall is often in a critical yield state, which will accelerate the natural corrosion of the tank and is not conducive to the service life of the tank and the safety of the gas station.

(2) The gasoline and diesel tanks should be directly buried and laid, and it is forbidden to be located indoors or in the basement. The thickness of covering soil at the top of oil tank should not be less than 0.

The backfill thickness around the oil tank shall not be less than 0. 3m clean sand or fine soil shall be tamped, and there shall be no bricks, stones and other sundries, so as not to damage the external anticorrosive coating of the oil tank.

In areas where it is difficult to directly bury oil tanks, the ground can be covered with soil, and the highest liquid level in the tank is lower than the lowest ground elevation within 4m outside the tank. Two million.

(3) The ground of the tank farm where the oil tank is buried should be higher than the surrounding ground by 0. 15m, and build side walls around the tank farm to prevent surface water from flowing into the tank farm; At the same time, the buried oil tank should be equipped with a grounding protection net.

(4) The fuel tank shall be well protected from internal and external corrosion. The external surface of the oil tank shall be provided with an anti-corrosion protective layer not lower than the steel bar grade.

In low temperature season, the coating cures slowly. In order not to hinder the volatilization of solvent, glass cloth can also be used instead of external plastic cloth. (5) When the oil tank may float due to groundwater or rain, measures should be taken to prevent the oil tank from floating.

The oil tank is buried in an area with high groundwater level, so it will be in danger of floating when empty, and the pipeline connected with it may be pulled off, resulting in oil leakage and even fire accidents. (6) For directly buried oil tanks built in water source protection areas, measures should be taken to prevent the oil tanks from leaking and spreading, and leak detection facilities should be set up to prevent the oil tanks at gas stations from polluting underground water sources and nearby rivers and coasts.

(7) Manholes with oil tanks should be equipped with operation wells to facilitate maintenance and operation. The oil inlet pipe, oil outlet pipe, oil measuring hole and exhaust pipe of the oil tank should be located at the top of the oil tank, and the oil outlet pipe should be located on the manhole cover.

The oil inlet pipe of the oil tank should extend downward from the bottom of the oil tank to the inside of the oil tank. It's 2 meters away.

This is mainly to avoid electrostatic sparks caused by oil spill and unloading, which will cause fire. (8) When using a self-priming tank car, a bottom valve should be set at the bottom of the oil outlet pipe in the oil tank, and the distance between the oil port of the bottom valve and the tank bottom should be 0.

15 ~0。 20 meters.

The oil measuring hole of the oil tank should be provided with a locking oil measuring cap. When the bottom of the tank is lower than the center of the refueling pump, a bottom valve should be installed on the oil outlet pipe of the tanker, so that the oil will not flow back into the tank when the tanker stops pumping, so as to avoid vacuumizing again when the pump is started next time.

The nozzle of the oil outlet pipe should not be too high from the bottom of the oil tank, otherwise a large amount of oil can not be pumped out, reducing the oil paying capacity of the oil tank. The distance from the fuel tank should not be too low, otherwise the water and dirt at the bottom of the tank will be sucked into the chestnuts.

4. What are the safety measures for storing diesel tanks?

1, wear anti-static work clothes, * * * chemical fiber clothes and rubber shoes to work, etc.

2. Oxygen or air must not enter the oil storage tank. When paying oil in the oil storage tank, protective measures such as injecting steam or nitrogen should be taken. After stopping steam injection, nitrogen should be injected in time to prevent air from entering the oil storage tank. 3. Effectively dehydrate the oil before entering the tank to reduce the water content; Corrosion inhibitor is added to the top of the fractionator to form a protective film on the steel surface to prevent corrosion, and antistatic agent is added to the oil to improve the conductivity of the oil.

4. Clean the water tank regularly to eliminate the accumulated water in the water storage tank as much as possible; Strengthen the daily equipment maintenance, safety inspection and patrol inspection of oil depot. 5. Use combustible gas alarm to detect the environment, so as to control the concentration of combustible gas, combustible liquid vapor and dust below the limit range that causes explosion.