The History and Evolution of Tea-picking Opera in Qinzhou

Tea-picking operas in counties (districts) of Qinzhou are inextricably linked with other folk arts. One theory is closely related to folk wooden fish rap. 1867, He Quanlong, the teacher in charge of the "New Half Moon Tea Party" in Qinxian County (now Qinnan District and Qinbei District), was the first to adapt the song book of Muyu into the song book of Camellia, and absorbed Southern Yan as the basic aria for singing "tea picking" (short play).

In the thirty-second year of Guangxu (1906), Yi, the squad leader of Shitoutang tea-picking class in Qin County, boldly tried to adapt the Muyu rap book into a drama. Yi's reform was very successful, and his adapted plays, such as Prostitution and Grinding the Mirror by Chen San, are still circulating among the people.

According to Lv Desheng, an old artist, by the 28th year of the Republic of China (1939), a quarter of the 34 traditional tea-picking dramas handed down came from Muyu's rap books. In addition, "tea-picking drama" is also closely related to tea basket lanterns in Jiangxi, tea-picking tunes in Guangxi and Cantonese opera in Guangdong.

In the 26th year of Qing Daoguang (1846), a businessman from Jiangxi came to Guangxi to do business, and once spread Jiangxi tea basket lanterns to Liuxiu Village in Lingshan, gradually forming today's tea-picking drama.

By the early years of the Republic of China, "tea picking drama" was very popular in Lingshan. The earliest "tea-picking drama class" was the "six-show tea-picking class" of Shrike. After "Liuxiu Tea Picking Class", tea picking classes were established in Jinlian Village, Dengyang Village and Nalongzhongling Village of Shrike.

According to the survey, there are dozens of tea-picking classes like Lingshan, and many tea-picking dramas adapted from stories have been rehearsed by the people.

In the 31st year of the Republic of China (1942), Lu Desheng, an old tea-picking artist in Qinxian County, also began to absorb the artistic conception of Guangxi color tone, focusing on absorbing human voices, with music accompaniment in different industries to make tea-picking more fresh. After liberation, Hua Dan Qian Xiufeng, a tea-picking troupe in Shabu, learned from Zhu, a famous Cantonese opera actor, and absorbed some cards from Cantonese opera, making the tea-picking opera more perfect.

The early themes of "tea-picking lanterns", "tea affairs" and "tea-picking songs" were mainly labor and love. When it evolved into a "tea-picking drama" with stories, plots and characters, the theme of the drama became wider. Some reflect the life and struggle of working people, while others show the love of ordinary people.

But no matter what kind of content is expressed, it is inseparable from expressing people's destiny. Where to go, joys and sorrows, has always been the theme of the old tea-picking drama.

There are many plays in this field, such as Chen San, Shit Pit Grave, Killing Dogs to Sacrifice Rice, Gao Wenju, Zhang Gua, Wang Wu Shooting Birds, Liu Erjie's Marriage, Ma Jing and Mo Liang, Lun Wen Quan Xu, Housekeeping Across the River and so on.

After liberation, under the guidance of the policy of "letting a hundred flowers blossom, bringing forth the old and bringing forth the new", "tea-picking drama classes" and cultural departments all over the country insisted on transplanting and rehearsing dramas to praise the party's leadership and show that the people were liberated and worked hard to produce dramas to build their homes.

Such as playing gongs, selling tiles, village doctor's station, phoenix eye, a penny, no intention of getting married, buying fat, visiting relatives, beating a family, setting up a son-in-law, cooking litchi and so on. They are very popular with the masses because of their modern theme and close content.

I didn't intend to get married. I performed at Qinzhou Grand Theatre 16, and the venue was full. He toured the countryside for more than 200 performances and won applause from the audience.

Master of Drama199/KLOC-0 participated in the third drama exhibition in Guangxi in and won the second prize of Osmanthus fragrans. In 2000, Ms. Ding won the second prize of Qinzhou Folk Art Show, and was selected by Guangxi Dramatists Association to participate in the "Zheng Chenggong" 100 Excellent Essay Competition held by Chinese Dramatists Association that year.

Extended data

Qinzhou tea-picking opera is an ancient traditional opera art, which originated in Jiangxi and was introduced to Qinzhou around 1778. After more than 200 years of reform, it has become a local tea-picking drama with Qinzhou characteristics.

opera

Qinzhou tea-picking opera belongs to the folk song and dance drama system in the traditional opera category. Performance, singing and dancing, humor; Musically, it belongs to couplets. The performance is characterized by joy, liveliness and cheerfulness. Men and women sing the same tune. In the past, Dan Jiao used a fake voice (disguised as a woman), but in the 2nd/kloc-0th century, she used a real voice and raised her voice by eight degrees. In terms of language, singing in the local dialect-vernacular is easy to understand.

Among them, the most distinctive is its basic singing method "Nanyin" and the basic dance steps of the clown "Seven o'clock Mei". Nanyin evolved from the local folk rap "Muyu Qu". It is not only good at narration, but also can show various characters' personalities and different emotions through different treatments of rhythm and emotion when singing, so artists regard it as a kind of "universal singing".

Seven-point plum blossom is developed on the basis of small steps. With Nanyin's singing, dancing and singing are both cheerful and humorous. In a tea-picking drama, clowns and young students perform the most, and every time they sing Nanyin, they have to step on the dance step "Seven Plum Blossoms". This further highlights the local characteristics of Qinzhou tea-picking drama.

The traditional repertoire of Qinzhou tea-picking drama can be divided into three parts: tea-picking song and dance, short drama and big drama. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 10 songs and dances in tea picking such as Zhengcha. More than 50 plays such as "Hanging Clams"; Shuner and other more than 60 dramas.

condition

Qinzhou tea-picking opera is one of the traditional operas loved by the masses and spread widely. By the end of 1989, there were 4 18 amateur tea-picking groups in the city, including 35 professional tea-picking groups in Qin Cheng and Zhaoya. These tea-picking troupes are active in urban and rural areas, enriching urban and rural cultural life.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Qinzhou Tea Picking Opera