Problems and Countermeasures of Farmland Irrigation in Huachuan County _ Rare Problems of Farmland Irrigation Canal

First, there are problems in farmland irrigation. 1 The facilities of water conservancy pumping stations are seriously aging. Some pumping stations in our county are seriously aging and have been overloaded, which has affected the water supply, mainly in the following aspects: First, the mechanical and electrical equipment of pumping stations is aging and the insulation is poor, which affects the start-up. Transformers and power distribution cabinets are obsolete products; Second, the corrosion and wear of the pump is very serious, the gate is corroded, the water can not be stopped, and the hoist can not be opened and closed normally; Third, the pump house is old, uneven settlement, wall cracking, and serious damage to farmland water conservancy facilities in cold winter; Fourth, half of the channels are blocked, the hillside collapses, weeds are overgrown, the water flow is not smooth, and water supply is difficult.

The guarantee rate of canal irrigation is low, and the irrigation water is wasted seriously.

In recent years, the water conservancy department of our county actively strives for funds, and has rectified 50% of the rivers, ditches, ports and canals, and the rest of the rivers, ditches, ports and canals use earth canals to deliver water. After long-term natural erosion and man-made destruction, the water quality of ditches has deteriorated seriously and lost its irrigation function. Without the last agricultural canal, the sedimentation and collapse of the canal system are very serious, the supporting facilities of the canal system are simple, and the water delivery, water control and water transfer capabilities are poor, resulting in poor water delivery and reduced effective irrigation area. Well irrigation area, the supporting canal system is even less, mostly soil canals, serious leakage, low irrigation guarantee rate and serious waste of irrigation water.

3 The matching rate of original canal system is low.

Most of the water conservancy projects in our county were built in the 1970s, and the projects are not matched. (Due to the influence of topographic conditions and special historical reasons at that time, the design standard was low, and the matching rate of some projects was less than 30%. In addition, due to lack of funds, many projects have fallen into disrepair and their benefits have declined. Although our county's water conservancy has improved some canal systems according to the instructions of the higher authorities, there are some problems, such as low matching rate of canal systems, incomplete water metering facilities, poor water regulation and control ability, and inability to refine the quantity. Water and water charges in irrigation areas are apportioned according to the land area, and the water charges and maintenance costs are high, so it is difficult to achieve the goal of "clearing irrigation and paying", which leads to confusion in the reform and management of water charges, difficulty in collecting fees, heavy burden of water charges by the masses and great opinions. These problems need to be solved urgently.

4. The fund gap of water conservancy construction is large, and the investment is seriously insufficient.

In recent years, in order to increase grain output, the state attaches great importance to agriculture, and at the same time, it has increased investment in water conservancy, rebuilt old irrigation stations and laid cement channels. However, due to the serious aging of the main pumping stations in our county, they have been overloaded. If all the transformation needs hundreds of millions of yuan, even if the state invests a large part, local governments still need matching funds. Because our county is a national key poverty-stricken county, the only funds that local finance can include in the budget are water charges, and the gap in local supporting funds is still very large.

5. The responsibilities of water conservancy, electric power and farmers are unclear, and water conservancy projects have not fully played their roles.

Farmers need water, water conservancy and water supply, and water supply needs to be provided by the power sector. The expenses of water conservancy drainage stations come from the drainage fees collected, which are mainly used for drainage electricity, machine renovation and management personnel salaries, so farmers are the biggest beneficiaries. But some farmers put their money into production and don't take the arrears of utilities seriously. Because farmers don't pay the money in time, the power station doesn't supply power, and the pumping station can't start without money. Irrigation and drainage can not be timely, and water conservancy projects can not give full play to their functions.

Second, the solution

1 actively strive for funds to transform the construction of village water conservancy facilities.

In recent years, taking the state's support for the grain industry as an opportunity, our county has actively strived for funds and raised its own investment to transform the Laoyuelai Irrigation District. After the completion, the irrigation capacity of the irrigation area has increased from 70,000 mu to more than 200,000 mu, and the channels at all levels have been hardened by 50%, which can not only effectively reduce leakage, but also ensure smooth flow, reduce waste of water resources and improve water utilization. The county government said that it will continue to increase investment in farmland water conservancy infrastructure construction in the future, ensure agricultural "drought and flood" and enhance the ability of agricultural production to resist natural disasters.

2. Adjust the seed industry structure according to local conditions to improve the utilization rate of water resources.

Water conservancy is the lifeblood of agriculture, and the increase of crop yield is generally achieved by increasing irrigation area, which is subject to the dual constraints of total water resources and changes in water use structure. Reasonable and scientific adjustment of agricultural planting structure can fully improve the utilization rate of water resources. At the same time, in cooperation with agriculture-related departments, advanced water-saving irrigation technologies such as sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation and micro-spraying are applied in water conservancy engineering measures, supplemented by comprehensive agricultural measures, so as to achieve the dual purpose of saving water and increasing production.

Draw a clear line between the responsibilities of water conservancy, electric power and farmers, and give full play to the role of water conservancy and electric power engineering.

Governments at all levels should do a good job in propaganda and training of water conservancy and water use, so that farmers can fully realize that hydropower is also a commodity. In line with the principle that whoever benefits should share, farmers must pay the water fee, otherwise it will have an impact on production and give full play to the role of water conservancy and electric power projects.

4. Strengthen publicity to improve farmers' awareness of water conservation.

In recent years, with the continuous lowering of the Songhua River water level, farmland irrigation has been affected to some extent. However, under the correct leadership of the county government, the irrigation area has been improved through measures such as rebuilding the old irrigation station, hardening 50% channels at all levels, and dredging in time. At the same time, we also strive to do a good job in water conservancy publicity and training technical services. Through training lectures, distributing leaflets, posting slogans, entering villages and households, and face-to-face publicity and training of farmers in the fields, we will strengthen the publicity of cadres and the masses on county conditions, water conditions and water price policies, extensively carry out the importance of water-saving technologies, scientifically plant protective agriculture, and adopt the mode of dry farming, sparse planting and shallow wet irrigation for rice crops with high water consumption. Improve farmers' awareness of water saving, use water scientifically, and let water-saving irrigation form * * * knowledge in the county.