Contents of safety education in primary schools

With the continuous improvement of living standards, there are more and more places to use electricity in life. Therefore, it is necessary for us to master the following basic knowledge of safe use of electricity:

L know the main switch of power supply and learn to turn it off in an emergency.

2. Do not touch or test the inside of the power socket with your hands or conductive objects (such as wire, nails, pins and other metal products).

3. Don't touch the appliance with wet hands or wipe it with wet cloth.

4. Unplug the electrical appliance after use; Don't pull the wire when plugging and unplugging the power plug to prevent the insulation of the wire from being damaged and causing electric shock; The insulation layer of the wire is peeling off, so it is necessary to replace the wire in time or wrap it with insulating tape.

5. Find someone get an electric shock to try to turn off the power in time; Or use dry wooden sticks and other things to separate the electric shock victim from the charged electrical appliances, and don't save people directly by hand; Younger students should ask adults for help in this situation, and don't handle it by themselves to prevent electric shock.

6. Don't remove or install the power cord, socket and plug at will. Even if it is as simple as installing a light bulb, it should be turned off first and carried out under the guidance of parents.

How to use electrical appliances safely?

Nowadays, TV sets, refrigerators, washing machines, electric irons, hair dryers, electric fans and other household appliances are increasingly entering the family. When using household appliances, besides using electricity safely, we should also pay attention to the following points:

1. All kinds of household appliances have different uses and use different methods, some of which are more complicated. General household appliances should be studied and used under the guidance of parents, and dangerous appliances should not be used alone.

2. If there is smoke, sparks, burning smell, etc. , should immediately turn off the electrical appliances and stop using them.

3. Electric appliances such as hair dryers, rice cookers, electric irons and electric heaters will emit high heat when in use. Pay attention to stay away from flammable items such as paper and cotton cloth to prevent fire; At the same time, pay attention to avoid burns when using.

4. Avoid using electrical appliances in humid environment (such as toilet), and don't let electrical appliances get wet, which will not only damage electrical appliances, but also cause electric shock.

5. Fan blades of electric fans, dehydration cylinders of washing machines, etc. Rotate at high speed when working, and do not touch with hands or other objects to avoid injury.

6. In case of thunderstorm, please stop using the TV and unplug the outdoor antenna to prevent lightning strike.

7. Electrical appliances are easy to be damaged by moisture corrosion after being put on hold for a long time, so they need to be carefully checked before being reused.

8. When purchasing household appliances, you should choose qualified products with reliable quality.

How to pay attention to safety in indoor activities?

There are many seemingly small things that deserve students' attention when they are doing indoor activities at home, otherwise, they are prone to danger. This mainly includes the following aspects:

Length anti-collision device. At present, the living room space of most families is relatively small, and many household items such as furniture are placed, so don't chase and fight in the living room, do strenuous sports and games to prevent bumping and injury.

2. Anti-skid and anti-fall. The living room floor is relatively smooth, so attention should be paid to prevent slipping and injury; When you need to climb up to clean and pick up things, please ask others to protect you and pay attention to prevent you from falling.

3. prevent falling. If you live in a building, especially a high-rise building, don't lean out of the balcony or window to avoid the danger of falling.

4. Reverse extrusion. Doors and windows of the living room, doors and drawers of furniture are easy to cover your hands when opening and closing, so be careful everywhere.

5. Fire prevention. There are many flammable items in the room, such as wooden furniture, bedding curtains, books, etc., so pay attention to fire prevention. Don't play with fire casually in the room, let alone set off firecrackers in the room.

6. Prevent accidents and injuries. Sharp tools such as screwdrivers, knives and scissors, and stationery such as pushpins and pins should be properly stored after use. It should not be placed on the bed or chair at will to avoid accidental injury.

What should I do if I get burned?

If burns occur in life, the following measures can be taken:

Length For mild burns with slight redness and swelling, you can rinse them repeatedly with cold water and apply some cool oil.

2. If there are blisters on the burn, don't break them. You can rub alcohol around the blisters and wrap them with clean gauze.

3. Serious burns should be sent to the hospital in time for diagnosis and treatment.

4. If the burn area is large, you should take off your clothes, shoes and socks as soon as possible, but you can't tear them off by force. If necessary, you should cut off your clothes. Pay special attention to the cleanliness of the scalded area after scalding, and do not apply external drugs or substitutes at will to prevent infection, which will increase the difficulty of treatment in the hospital. The correct way is to take off the patient's clothes and wrap them with clean towels or sheets.

What should I do if I suffer trauma?

Injured, in serious condition, need to be sent to hospital for treatment. Slight, can be handled according to the following methods:

1. If there is bleeding in the wound, clean the wound and apply external disinfectants and anti-inflammatory drugs, such as anti-inflammatory powder, mercuric chloride, band-aid, etc. In addition, pay attention to: keep the wound warm and dry; You can eat eggs, lean meat, beans, milk and other foods rich in protein. Take vitamin C properly or eat more fresh vegetables and fruits; Change dressing reasonably and keep it clean. Doing so is conducive to the healing of the wound.

2. If muscles, joints and ligaments are sprained, you can't massage or compress them immediately, so as not to aggravate subcutaneous bleeding and swelling. Stop activities immediately, so that the injured part can get enough rest, and cold compress or soak in cold water. After 24 to 48 hours, subcutaneous bleeding stops, and then hot compress is carried out to promote the dissipation of blood stasis and eliminate swelling.

What should we pay attention to during recess activities?

In the process of intense study every day, recess activities can play the role of relaxation, adjustment and proper rest. The following aspects should be paid attention to in recess activities:

The outdoor air is fresh, and the activities between classes should be outdoors as far as possible, but don't stay away from the classroom, so as not to delay the later classes.

2. The intensity of activities should be appropriate, and don't do strenuous activities, so as to ensure that you are not tired, focused and energetic when you continue your class.

Activities should be simple, such as doing exercises.

4. Activities should pay attention to safety and avoid risks such as sprains and bumps.

How to ensure safety during the competition?

Games are an important part of students' life, and we should also establish the concept of safety in games:

1. Pay attention to choose a safe place. Away from the production areas of roads, railways, construction sites and factories; Do not enter dry wells, cellars or air defense facilities; Avoid transformers and high-voltage lines; Don't climb water towers, telephone poles, roofs and high walls; Do not go near deep lakes (ponds, rivers, pits), wells, cesspits, biogas digesters, etc. These places are very prone to danger, and a little carelessness will cause casualties.

2. Choose a safe game to play. Don't play dangerous games, don't imitate dangerous scenes in movies and TV, such as smashing cars, climbing tall buildings, fighting with knives and guns, throwing stones at each other, lighting branches and waste paper, etc. This is very dangerous and easy to cause unexpected consequences.

3. Choose the right time when playing games. Can't play for long. This will easily lead to fatigue and the possibility of accidents will be greatly increased. It's best not to play games at night, because it's dark and people's reaction ability is reduced. It's easy to be dangerous.

What safety precautions should I pay attention to when going to physical education class?

Physical education class is an important course for primary and secondary schools to exercise and strengthen their physique. The training contents in physical education class are varied, and the safety precautions are different due to the different training contents and instruments used.

1. sprint and other events should be carried out in accordance with the prescribed runway, and crossing the runway is not allowed. This is not only the requirement of the competition, but also the guarantee of safety. Especially when sprinting to the finish line, we should abide by the rules, because at this time, people's physical momentum is great, their energy is concentrated on the game, and they are psychologically unprepared. Once they trip over each other, they may be seriously injured.

In the long jump competition, the run-up and take-off must be carried out in strict accordance with the teacher's instructions. Step on the wooden springboard before taking off and fall into the bunker after taking off. This is not only the technical essentials of long jump training, but also the necessary measures to protect physical safety.

3. Throwing training, such as throwing grenades, shot put, discus, javelin, etc. , must be carried out in accordance with the teacher's password, it is forbidden to be careless. Some of these sports equipment are hard and heavy, and some are equipped with sharp metal heads at the front. If you act without authorization, you may bump into others or yourself, causing injuries and even endangering your life.

4. When training in horizontal bar, parallel bars and high jump, you must prepare a cushion with the required thickness under the equipment. If you jump directly to the hard ground, your leg joints or the back of your head will be injured. When doing the horizontal bar and parallel bars, we should take various effective methods to avoid slipping when holding the bar with both hands and avoiding falling off the bar and hurting our health.

5. When doing jumping training such as vault and box jumping, there should be a springboard in front of the equipment, a protective pad behind the equipment, and teachers and students should stand beside the equipment for protection.

6. Used for back and forth tumbling, push-ups, sit-ups and other sports. Do your movements carefully and don't play around to avoid sprain.

7. When taking part in the training of basketball, football and other events, you should learn to protect yourself and don't hurt others recklessly in the game. In these competitive sports, it is very important for safety to consciously abide by the rules of the game.

What should I do if my hands and feet are frozen?

Going out in the cold winter often freezes your hands and feet. Hands and feet are frozen stiff, so don't bake on the fire or soak in hot water, which will form chilblain and even fester. So what should be the correct method?

1. You should return to a warm environment and let the temperature of the frozen part rise slowly.

2. If you are in the wild, try to wrap your hands and feet with a coat. You can also use your body temperature to warm your frozen hands and feet.

3. The most effective way is to rub by hand to raise the temperature and promote the blood circulation to return to normal.

What if I am bitten by a snake?

A poisonous snake has poisonous teeth and glands. Most of them have triangular heads, thin necks, short and thick tails, bright spots and long teeth. When bitten by a poisonous snake, generally 2-4 large and deep tooth marks can be found in the affected area, causing local pain.

Those who have been bitten by non-poisonous snakes generally have two rows of eight-shaped tooth marks. Small and shallow, neatly arranged, no obvious pain in the wound. If you are not sure at present, it should be a poisonous snake bite.

1. Help yourself or the other person immediately, and don't panic or run, which will accelerate the absorption and spread of toxins.

2. Immediately use a belt, cloth belt, handkerchief, rope, etc. to tie it 3-5 cm away from the wound to slow down the spread of toxins. Relax for 2-3 minutes every 20 minutes to avoid limb ischemia and necrosis.

3. Wash the wound with clear water, preferably with normal saline or potassium permanganate solution. If you find fangs at this time, you must pull them out.

4. After cleaning the wound, use a sterilized or clean blade to make a "cross" incision centered on the two fangs. The incision should not be too deep, as long as the venom is discharged under the skin.

5. If possible, you can repeatedly suck the wound with cupping or breast pump to suck out the venom. You can also inhale through your mouth in an emergency, but the person who inhales must have no ulceration in his mouth and gargle fully after spitting out the venom. After inhalation, the wound should be heated to help the venom continue to flow out.

6. It can light matches, burn wounds and kill snake venom.

7. Take all kinds of snake medicine as soon as possible, and it is ineffective to use it after biting for 24 hours. At the same time, the tablets can be made into paste with warm water or saliva, and applied to 2 cm around the wound. Do not bandage the wound.

8. After treatment, they should be sent to a nearby hospital immediately.

What if I am bitten by a dog?

Being bitten by a dog is more harmful to people, because the dog's teeth are full of all kinds of germs and viruses, which can easily invade the human body through the wound, causing diseases and even causing colds and death. If bitten by a mad dog, rabies will be caused by rabies virus, and the death rate of rabies is very high. Therefore, being bitten by a dog must not be underestimated, and urgent measures must be taken:

1. Under normal circumstances, it is difficult to tell whether it is bitten by a mad dog, so once it is bitten by a dog, it is considered to be bitten by a mad dog.

2. After being bitten by a dog, the wound should be treated immediately. First of all, tourniquet (handkerchief, rope, etc. ) should be tied above the wound to prevent or reduce the virus from flowing into the whole body with blood.

3. Wash the wound with clean water or soapy water quickly and thoroughly. Don't bandage the wound.

4. Quickly sent to the hospital for treatment, injected with rabies vaccine and tetanus antitoxin within 24 hours.

What should I do if I have a fracture?

Fracture refers to the partial or total fracture of human skeleton, and most fractures are caused by strong impact. After fracture, the fracture site is painful, accompanied by swelling, congestion and deformation, and people's activities are limited and they cannot bear the load. In severe cases, there will be bleeding, shock, infection and visceral injury. How to deal with fracture in an emergency?

1. Let the patient lie flat, don't move the patient blindly, and don't pull and massage the injured part.

2. Check the injured part, select branches, boards and sticks from local materials in time, and fix the injured part to prevent the injury from getting worse.

3. When there is no fixed object, the injured upper limb can be hung and fixed on its chest with handkerchiefs and cloth strips. , lower limbs can be tied and fixed with uninjured lower limbs.

4. Open fractures (that is, skin, limbs or mucous membranes at the fracture site are broken and bone is exposed), attention should be paid to keeping the wound clean to prevent infection.

5. After emergency treatment, immediately send it to the hospital for treatment, and be careful not to collide with the injured part during transportation. Avoid artificially aggravating injuries.

What should I do if I bleed more than enough?

Students hurt their bodies when playing, and they often bleed, especially their noses. In these cases, the following measures should be taken:

1. If limbs or fingers bleed, use clean gauze or clean wide cloth to tightly wrap the wound. If conditions permit, it is best to sprinkle some Yunnan Baiyao on the wound and then bandage it.

2. If it is a nosebleed, you can lift your head and press the nasal root on the bleeding side with your fingers until it doesn't bleed. If you have a clean cotton ball, you can put it into your nose to stop the bleeding. In addition, cold water can be poured into the back of the brain, which will make the blood vessels contract, thus achieving the purpose of hemostasis.

driving safety

Food, clothing, housing and transportation are the most basic contents in people's lives, and "travel" involves traffic problems. Students go to school on weekdays and travel on holidays. In addition to walking, they have to take their own cars and buses (electric cars). If the distance is longer, they have to take the train and the boat. Therefore, we must pay attention to traffic safety. It is necessary to establish traffic safety awareness from an early age, master the necessary traffic safety knowledge, and ensure traffic safety.

How to pay attention to traffic safety when walking?

When students go to school, it is the most crowded time of the day. There are many people and cars, so we must pay great attention to traffic safety.

1. Walk on the road and walk on the sidewalk; For roads without sidewalks, take the roadside.

2. When going out in groups, it is best to walk in an organized and orderly manner; When going out together, don't chase, fight and play with each other; Pay attention to your surroundings when you walk. Don't look around, read newspapers or do other things while you walk.

3. On the road without traffic police command, learn to avoid motor vehicles and don't argue with them.

4. In foggy days, rainy and snowy days, it is best to wear colorful clothes, so that motorists can find the target as soon as possible and take safety measures in advance. In some cities, primary school students wear yellow hats when they go out and take part in group activities, which is also to enable motor vehicles to find and avoid in time. This practice should be advocated.

What should I pay attention to when crossing the road?

When crossing the road, the possible risk factors will increase greatly, so pay special attention to safety.

When crossing the road, obey the command of the traffic police; We should obey the traffic rules and do "green light, red light stops".

2. When crossing the road, take the crosswalk line; In sections with overpasses and underpasses, you should consciously take overpasses and underpasses.

3. When crossing the road, go straight and don't detour; In the section where there is no crosswalk, you should look at the left first, then at the right, and you can only cross the road when you confirm that there is no motor vehicle.

4. Don't cross the safety fence and isolation pier in the middle of the road.

Don't cross the street suddenly, especially if an acquaintance or friend is on the phone across the street, or if the bus you want to take has pulled into the station, don't act rashly to avoid accidents.

What safety precautions should I pay attention to when riding a bicycle?

When going out by bike, the unsafe factors are more than walking. The safety items to be noted are as follows:

1. Always check your bike to keep it in good condition. Whether the brakes and bells are sensitive and normal is particularly important.

2. Bikes should be the right size, and don't ride children's toy cars on the streets. Don't ride a cart alone.

3. Don't learn to ride a bike on the road; Children under twelve should not ride bicycles in the street.

4. Riding a bicycle should be on the right side of the non-motor vehicle lane and not retrograde; When turning, don't make a sharp turn, slow down in advance, see the surrounding situation clearly, and then turn with a clear gesture.

5. After crossing the road, slow down and pay attention to pedestrians and vehicles; Don't run the red light, stop the red light and wait until the green light comes on.

6. When riding a bicycle, don't spread your hands, don't ride with many people, don't climb each other, and don't chase each other.

7. Don't climb a motor vehicle when riding a bike, don't carry overweight things, don't take people by bike, and don't wear headphones to listen to the radio when riding a bike.

8. Learn and master the basic knowledge of traffic rules.

How to pay attention to safety when cycling in rainy and snowy weather?

When riding a bike in rain and snow, you should also pay attention to the following points:

When riding in the rain, don't bury your head to avoid the rain.

2. When riding a bike in rainy days, you'd better wear a raincoat and poncho instead of riding a bike with an umbrella in one hand and a handle in the other.

3. When riding a bicycle in snowy days, don't inflate the bicycle tires too much, which will increase the friction with the ground and make it difficult to slip.

4. When riding a bike in snowy days, keep a large distance from the vehicles and pedestrians in front.

5. When riding a bike in snowy days, you should choose a flat road with no ice and shallow snow. Don't slam on the brakes, don't turn sharply, and turn as wide as possible.

6. Rain and snow. The road is muddy and slippery, so you should pay more attention when riding, and be prepared for emergencies at any time. The riding speed is slower than normal weather.

fire safety

Without fire, people can't live. However, if fire is improperly used or managed, fire will happen, which will seriously threaten people's lives and property and cause great losses to national construction and development. Fire safety is very important, and fire control work includes two aspects: first, fire prevention; The second is fire fighting. In this regard, students should know something and master some basic knowledge.

What should be paid attention to in fire prevention?

There are many measures to prevent fire. Students should first start with the little things in daily life:

Don't play with fire. Some students are curious about fire and often play games with fire behind their parents and teachers. This is very dangerous. When playing with fire, once the fire spreads or leaves unfinished fire, it is easy to cause fire.

2. Don't smoke. Smoking is harmful to health and easy to cause fire. We must abide by the student code and school rules and regulations and resolutely put an end to smoking.

3. Take care of fire control facilities. In order to prevent fire and fire accidents, fire hydrants, fire extinguishers, fire sandboxes and other fire-fighting facilities have been set up in residential buildings and public places, and safe passages for evacuation have been left in case of fire. We should consciously care for fire control facilities and ensure the smooth passage of safety.

How to pay attention to fire prevention at home?

Family fires are often caused by careless use of fire and improper use of electrical appliances. Students should pay attention to:

The length is heated by the stove. Stoves should be placed at a safe distance from flammable wooden furniture and away from firewood in rural areas.

2. someone should watch the clothes drying, and people can't leave for a long time.

3. Don't store flammable items near the fire.

4. When making a fire, don't use kerosene or gasoline to support combustion, so as to avoid the fire burning violently.

5. Take out unburned ashes and cinders and dump them in a safe place to prevent other objects from burning and catching fire.

6. Use household appliances to meet safety requirements, and don't disassemble them at will, so as not to cause safety performance degradation and fire.

7. Be careful when using hot appliances (such as electric irons), so as not to make them ignite flammable items.

8. When electrical appliances are used or personnel leave, turn off the power supply in time to prevent electrical appliances from overheating.

9. Use gas appliances to prevent gas leakage, and turn off the gas source after use.

10. The gas tank should be used away from the fire source; Check regularly to ensure that gas facilities and appliances are in good condition.

How to call the police in case of fire?

If a fire is found, the most important thing is to call the police, so as to put out the fire in time, control the fire and reduce the losses caused by the fire.

1. The telephone number of the fire alarm is 1 19. This figure should be kept in mind. In any part of the country, the telephone number for reporting fire to the public security fire department is the same.

If you find a fire, you can call the police directly. If you don't have a phone at home, call the police with the phone of your neighbor, telephone booth or nearby unit as soon as possible.

3. When reporting a fire, it is necessary to explain to the fire department the unit or place where the fire broke out, the district (county), street, lane, house number or national address, what was the fire and how it was.

4. After the alarm, it is best to arrange personnel to wait for the fire truck at the nearby intersection to guide the way to the fire.

5. Don't call the fire alarm at will. It is illegal to lie about a fire alarm and disturb public order.

6. In the absence of telephone, you should shout loudly or take other measures to attract the attention of neighbors and pedestrians, and assist in fire fighting or alarm.

How to deal with a small fire in an emergency?

If there is a fire, you should call the police in time. Students should also master simple and easy methods to deal with sudden small fires.

1. Water is the most commonly used fire extinguishing agent. Fires such as wood, paper and cotton cloth can be put out directly with water.

2. Quickly cover the fire with mud, sand, soaked quilts or blankets, which can effectively put out the fire.

3. Use broom, mop, etc. You can also put out small fires.

4. Oil, alcohol and other fires should not be put out with water, but can be quickly covered with sand or soaked quilts.

5. In case of gas fire, cover the ignition point with a wet towel and quickly cut off the gas source.

6. When the electrical appliance is on fire, don't put it out with water or cover it with damp items. Water is a conductor, so you will get an electric shock. The correct way is to cut off the power supply first and then put out the fire.

7. If conditions permit, you can also learn how to use some simple fire extinguishers.

How to get out of the fire correctly?

In case of fire, correct and effective methods should be taken to save oneself and escape, so as to reduce the loss of personal injury and death:

Once the length is threatened by fire, don't panic, calmly determine your position, judge the fire according to the analysis of smoke, light and temperature around you, and don't act blindly.

2. In a bungalow, if the fire around the door is not big, leave the fire quickly. On the other hand, you must choose another exit to escape (such as jumping out of the window) or take protective measures (such as soaking clothes with water, wrapping your head and upper body with warm quilts, etc.). ) before leaving the fire.

3. If you find a fire in a building, don't blindly open the doors and windows, otherwise it may lead to a fire.

If you are in the building, don't run around blindly, let alone jump off a building to escape, which will cause undue casualties. You can hide in the room or on the balcony. Close the doors and windows, cut off the fire road and wait for rescue. Conditional, can continue to water the doors and windows to cool down, in order to delay the spread of the fire.

In the burning building, you can't use the elevator to escape, but you should take the stairs through the fire escape. Because the elevator shaft often becomes a channel for setting off fireworks after a fire. And the elevator may break down at any time.

6. If the fire is too fierce and you need to jump off a building to escape, you can jump off the second floor, but you should choose a soft ground. At the same time, throw the bedding upstairs to increase the cushion of the ground, and then slide down the window, so as to minimize the falling height and let the feet land first.

7. If you are sure, you can tie one end of the rope (or tear the sheets together) to the window frame and then slide down the ground along the rope.

8. When you run away. Try to take protective measures, such as covering your nose and mouth with a wet towel and wrapping your body with wet clothes.

9. If clothes catch fire, you can take off your clothes quickly or roll around on the spot to put out the fire with your body. You can also jump into a nearby pool or river to put out the fire. In short, you should try to reduce the burn area of your body and reduce the degree of burn.

10. When a fire breaks out, it often produces gases that are toxic and harmful to human body. Therefore, to prevent smoke poisoning, you should try to stay in the windward or protect your mouth, nose and eyes with wet towels or masks to avoid toxic and harmful smoke.

Social life safety

Although primary and secondary school students are still young, they have contacted the society to varying degrees. At present, there are still some problems that need to be solved urgently in social security, and there are still illegal and criminal phenomena in society. Primary and secondary school students are also infringed by criminals from time to time. Therefore, it is necessary for primary and secondary school students to learn to correctly understand the people and things they encounter, distinguish right from wrong, distinguish truth, goodness, beauty from falsehood, ugliness and ugliness, improve their vigilance against all kinds of infringement, and eliminate their paralyzed thoughts and lucky psychology. At the same time, we should also establish a sense of self-prevention, master certain safety prevention methods, enhance our own prevention ability, and enable ourselves to deal with abnormal situations calmly, tactfully and bravely.

How to call the police if you are infringed by criminals?

Primary and secondary school students are directly threatened and infringed by criminals, and it is difficult to prevent them by their own strength. The most effective way is to report the case to the public security department.

1. The telephone number in Fei Jing is 1 10. Keep this number in mind so that you can dial it in time when there is an abnormal situation.

2. Call 1 10 and report the location, time, parties and case to the public security department concisely and accurately, so that the public security organ can provide assistance in time.