The concept of guidance system

The concept of guidance system

First, the guidance system must have the function of guiding and instructing people to move freely in the space environment, and it must also be strongly perceived. "The key reason for the city's wayfinding system is that wayfinding design has the nature of a borderline discipline. It intersects with architecture, information science, semiotics, ergonomics and other disciplines, and is also closely related to graphic design, industrial design, environment, etc. Design, urban design and other design industries intersect.

This nature of the wayfinding system has resulted in a lack of certainty and accuracy in this research field, and the concept is ambiguous and difficult to define and grasp.

There are three main ways to describe the name of this discipline: guide, guide, and guide. The most common point is that they point people in the direction.

The guide system emphasizes the use of eyes. Look, guidance through vision triggers visual information transmission and emotional communication between the system and the user. The guidance system is designed to allow people to identify the environment safely and quickly in a certain environment, and combines various information according to the requirements. A visual information system composed of certain specifications and designed for the purpose of conveying environmental information. It can be expressed in various forms, such as signs, signboards, landmarks, street signs, billboards, maps, etc. It is closely related to the characteristics of the environment in which it is located. It is not only a carrier of environmental information, but also an extension of the overall environment. It uses visual guidance to convey information about the environmental space through elements such as patterns, shapes, colors, fonts, forms, and materials.

Our designers Naoto Tanaka and Sanchiko Iwata believe: "The so-called logos are 'marks', 'symbols', 'signals', etc., which are what you want to convey. The form and practice of expressing things with symbols. " is the basic function of "guidance". Conveying accurate spatial information is the basic requirement of wayfinding design. The primary function of wayfinding design is like a map, which accurately and clearly displays the geographical location of various places, directions, facilities, and roads. There is no doubt that the ability to convey spatial location information in a timely and effective manner is the primary criterion for evaluating a guidance system;

Second, guidance. The visual system also carries the spiritual intention of the spatial environment and presents it completely and clearly, allowing people to "understand" the space more completely. "Readability" is not simply visibility, but includes not only the readability of representational features, but also the readability of visual features. The readability of abstract intentionality. “‘Intentionality’ is the quality inherent in a tangible object that is likely to evoke strong intention in any observer. Shape, color or layout all help to create a vivid, structured and highly practical environment. This can also be called 'readability', or 'visibility' in a higher sense. Objects are not just visible. Seen, and perceived clearly and intensely. Public information facilities in the space should have a clear visual structure. Their form, shape, texture and placement should, together with other decorations in the space, reflect the city's context and highlight the space. spiritual intentions and perceived by people.

Third, whether it is the functionality as a premise or the intentionality of carrying urban space, the guidance system serves people, and its essential function is to better meet people's needs when using it. This requires that the guidance system can communicate with people while presenting information and carrying intentions, so as to meet people's psychological needs when reading urban space information. When we travel in beautiful scenic spots, rough and simple road signs and slogans will make the design of the guidance system incompatible with the surrounding environment. Although it guides the direction, it destroys the environmental atmosphere. In this situation, even if the tourists can successfully find the direction, their mood will inevitably become bad. In harmony with the overall environment, it reflects whether as a medium that carries spatial information and a coordinator of the relationship between the spatial environment and people, it can better organically combine people and the environment under the specific environment. It is also a judgment guide system. important standards.

From the functional perspective of the guidance system, a complete guidance system should include five types: ① Spatial guidance reflects the organizational relationship of spatial elements in the form of a map, allowing people to understand The spatial environment first produces an overall visual impression. ②Information guidance describes spatial information in the form of text, numbers or graphics, and is also a necessary information supplement to spatial guidance. ③ Guidance guidance marks the location of spatial information in the form of arrows to help people choose the correct direction.

④ Identification guidance describes spatial information in the form of text, numbers or graphics to distinguish differences in space and help people determine the correct target point. ⑤ Management guidance is to prompt rules, regulations, procedures, warnings, warnings, education and other information in the form of text, numbers or graphics, with the purpose of reminding people to pay attention.

Design is also a creation. It should not only meet people’s needs in terms of material functions, but also provide comfort and care in terms of emotional cognition. The emotional experience that design brings to people is mainly through the research and analysis of the general laws and principles of people's psychological activities, especially the generation of emotions, through the purposeful and conscious combination and expression of various elements, and through the superficial visual senses. People convey emotional information and stimulate certain emotions in people.

The carrier materials of the guide system are diverse, and the more commonly used ones are: metal, wood, plexi glass or glass, etc. Each material has its own language characteristics and can express its unique "expression" qualities. Material is a potential metaphorical language, which itself has no emotion. The function of image carrying mainly comes from certain physical properties of itself, which determine the form and texture of the carrier and convey specific psychological intentions.

The guide system carrier actually exists in the space, and it must have specific specifications and sizes. This is determined by the amount of information that the guide system needs to present, the limitations of the installation space, the number of users, and the number of users. visual perception, the user’s movement speed, and the limitations of relevant legal regulations.

The load-bearing strength and durability of the material itself are also one of the factors that affect the use of the carrier. The material is light and the production cost of PVC is relatively low. However, it is easy to deform when used in a large area and is not suitable for the installation and use of large outdoor guide signs. The design of the guide system in an ancient town or natural scenic area needs to be integrated into the environment, and in essence it is also integrated into

history. For example, using modern elements specific to the environment to highlight the design of the guidance system from an ancient town obviously does not conform to the historical texture of the environment itself. Although this highly visual impact may allow visitors to see the information clearly, the damage to urban culture will give people a sense of disharmony and stimulation, making people unable to accept the information well. A good implementation of the essential function of the guidance system is also disrespectful of the city's cultural attitude.

And the installation method of each guide sign in the system is determined according to the specific environment of the site. Some are installed in oil barrels, some are fixed on the cement floor, and some are fixed on the stone wall. Some are even placed in the woods. Such a production method adapted to local conditions is also a reflection of the integration of the guidance system into the environment.

The design performance of the guide system, from the perspective of visual language, involves graphics, arrows, text and color. From the material point of view, it involves stone, wood, metal and other materials. From the perspective of the design target group, it involves the elderly, children, wheelchair users, visually impaired people, hearing impaired people, and people with color blindness and color weakness. From the relationship between people and things, it involves ergonomics; from the perspective of the crowd objects and social significance of the design, it involves thinking about universal design principles. In view of the complex characteristics of the urban crowd structure, the guidance system also needs to be multi-faceted. Think and design from a cultural perspective to meet the spatial behavioral needs of the largest group of people. Graphic symbols have the characteristics of being symbols and referents of things. In the design of the guidance system, text is a rational expression method for conveying information content, while the role of graphics is concrete. According to specific experiments, graphic information is faster than text, but it also has the advantage of direct perception; in a two-dimensional plane, a certain amount of information expressed by graphics requires a smaller area than text, so that the design content can be optimized , add more practical information. Through rich and diverse graphic shapes, the entire system is enlivened, adding to people's visual sense of beauty, making the visual environment of the company appear very bright and orderly. Graphics design often has a lot of good experience that can be used. For example, the shape should be concise and clear, and the content of a single icon should not look complicated, thereby reducing the time process of recognition. Paying attention to functional factors, relatively complex graphics will affect people's understanding of the icon, causing the loss of useful application value during recognition. And from a functional perspective, semiotic theory conveys the meaning of symbols, symbols of information and knowledge. Symbols are a simplified way to understand things. While they carry information and convey information, they are also the characteristics of a thing.

?Material is the material basis of design art itself. It not only restricts the design and scale of the structure, but also reflects the aesthetic characteristics of the material itself. Shape, material composition, properties and characteristics of material forms that will directly affect vision, touch and smell. The tacit understanding of isomorphism, the relationship between people and things, is established by the movement of the human subject, but the surface texture organization of things is often the same, which also inspires the artist's creative inspiration. Materials are widely used to make art signage systems, buildings, landscaping, and landscapes that are gradually integrated with the environment. The landscape is an organic whole repeatedly and closely, in addition to wood, steel, cement, sound, light, vegetation, gas, running water... almost Anything can be used as a gift or component. Starting from different specific situations, choosing the design of materials that are easy to realize

The idea must have a certain price for the psychology of the people. The material mechanism is different, which affects people's visual psychology and is an important factor in choosing beauty. Materials with comfortable tactile experience complete the construction of system identifiers. To a certain extent, people with leisurely life rhythms and tense psychology can be designed for people who show an affinity for visual perception and achieve this result by adapting to the various senses of the crowd< /p>