Propaganda slogan of grassland pests

1. Ecological destruction and biological pollution: After successful invasion, alien organisms multiply in large numbers and grow rapidly, which is difficult to control, resulting in ecological environment destruction and biological pollution.

In the 1960s and 1980s, in order to protect beaches, China introduced Spartina from Britain and America. After artificial planting and natural reproduction; It is distributed on the beaches of more than 80 counties and cities from Jinxi County in Liaoning Province in the north to Dianbai County in Guangdong Province in the south. In recent years, Spartina has spread wildly in some areas, which is difficult to control. Destroyed the offshore biological environment, caused the death of a variety of organisms cultured in coastal areas, and blocked the waterway; Affect the exchange of seawater, lead to the decline of water quality and induce red tide; Competing with coastal beach plants for growth space led to the extinction of large mangroves.

2. Loss of biodiversity: If alien species have strong ability to survive and reproduce, they will suppress and crowd out local species, form dominant populations, and lead to loss of biodiversity. Nearly 1000% of the water surface of Dianchi Lake in Kunming, Yunnan Province is covered by water hyacinth. Before 1960s, there were 68 species of aquatic plants and 68 species of aquatic animals in Dianchi Lake. By the 1980s, most aquatic plants had been extinct, leaving only 30 species of aquatic animals.

3. Damage to agriculture and forestry: Many exotic organisms have caused the death of crops and livestock, posing a great threat to agricultural and forestry production. The direct economic losses caused by the invasion of these exotic creatures only to agriculture and forestry amount to 57.4 billion yuan every year. Every year, 6.5438+0.5 million hectares of forest are harmed by pests such as pine wood nematode and American white moth. Ragweed, Chrysanthemum morifolium, Eupatorium odoratum, etc. flooded into disaster, causing heavy agricultural losses; Rice weevil, African snail, liriomyza sativae and other harmful crops 1 and 1 10,000 hectares. 1994 liriomyza sativae has invaded China with an area of100000 mu, and the annual control cost is 450 million yuan.

4. Threatening human health: The pollen of ragweed and porpoise trilobata is the main pathogen of human allergic symptoms-hay fever. If there are 40-50 ragweed pollen per cubic meter in the air, people will be infected with hay fever (autumn hay fever). Every year, there are 600,000 people suffering from ragweed disease in the United States and 1 10,000 people in Canada. The First Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi Medical College receives more than 2,000 cases of pollen allergy every year, nearly half of which are caused by ragweed pollen. Second, look at the current situation of prevention and control in China from the way of alien invasion. In recent years, the invasion of alien creatures has generally gone through three ways: first, it has evolved into an invasive species through artificial introduction, that is, conscious introduction; Second, with the introduction of trade, transportation, tourism and other activities, it was introduced unconsciously; The third is self-diffusion, that is, natural invasion. According to analysis, more than half of the alien invasive harmful species in China are caused by human factors.

China's agriculture has entered an important period of development, the introduction and promotion of agricultural varieties have increased, species exchanges at home and abroad have become more frequent, and the possibility of biological invasion has also increased. Due to the lack of scientific and effective management system, risk assessment and analysis can not keep up, and it is difficult to avoid decision-making mistakes and blind introduction. Individuals or groups are driven by economic interests to illegally introduce alien species. Others have a weak ecological awareness, and bring creatures from abroad into China at will and plant them at will. Therefore, the species and distribution of alien species have increased, and the introduction channels are complex, involving a wide range of units and individuals. The management is quite difficult, which has great hidden dangers to human and animal safety and poses a great threat to the ecological environment and biodiversity.

Based on the above analysis, we believe that it is impossible to take closed measures alone under the current trend of world integration and economic globalization. Only by strengthening the supervision of species introduction, making it beneficial and avoiding disadvantages, and making a beneficial contribution to the modernization of China, can it be a correct and scientific move. In this regard, we put forward the following opinions.

The third is to strengthen supervision and deal with the countermeasures of biological invasion

1. Strengthen legislation: China's current laws and regulations on animal and plant health and quarantine are formulated to prevent the invasion of exotic pests, and they are targeted quarantine, and only quarantine known specific pests. The Agriculture Law, Forest Law, Seed Law, Fisheries Law, Environmental Protection Law and other relevant laws and regulations have not explicitly dealt with the prevention of foreign invasion, and the problem of foreign invasion endangering wildlife and ecological environment has not attracted enough attention. At present, there are no unified laws and regulations on the prevention and control of biological invasion in China, and the Law on the Prevention and Control of Alien Biological Invasion should be formulated as soon as possible. Z, strengthen publicity: the relevant propaganda departments should publicize the harm and preventive measures of alien biological invasion, and raise public awareness of prevention. Remind inbound passengers not to bring in creatures casually, let alone release exotic creatures into the natural environment. If it is really necessary to introduce alien creatures, the consent of the relevant departments must be obtained.