Teaching paper on how to cultivate junior high school students' literacy ability

"New Curriculum Standard" clearly points out: "Literacy and writing are the basis of reading and writing, and are the teaching focus of senior one and senior two." In other words, literacy is the beginning for students to learn culture. Students can't read and write if they don't master a certain number of Chinese characters. Literacy teaching is an important part of Chinese teaching in primary schools. Junior students have to complete certain literacy tasks, but Chinese characters are complex in structure, and they are square characters composed of different basic strokes according to certain rules and methods, which have great similarities. The development level of junior middle school students' spatial perception is still dominant in the general outline, but their local differentiation ability is poor, so it is difficult to master a large number of new words. How to improve students' literacy ability more effectively?

First, be good at stimulating students' interest in literacy.

The task of literacy in lower grades is heavy, but it is impossible to learn by rote and mechanical copying, which increases the workload of students' homework. But according to the psychological characteristics of junior students, using their curious personality, we should be good at visualizing abstract knowledge in teaching, stimulating their interest in learning, stimulating their potential ability, mobilizing their enthusiasm and initiative in learning, and making them have a successful and happy experience.

Interesting literacy

1. Use pictures or visual AIDS to read.

Chinese textbooks for lower grades are illustrated with pictures and texts, with bright colors and rich literacy content. We know that children in lower grades are more interested in pictures than words. In the connection between pictures and words, it is very efficient to combine pictures properly and read. For example, the first volume of senior one is very interesting to read and write. We know the words "sun, moon, water, fire, horse, insect and fish" with the help of illustrations and ancient Chinese characters. At the same time, it can also be displayed with stick figures. Students can learn to read and write quickly and remember these words easily. After using this method many times, students naturally learned to match pictures with new words spontaneously. For example, students match the words "water, fire, mountain, stone, field, mouth, eyes, ears, wood" with the corresponding pictures and show them to their classmates and teachers. Although not all of them draw pictograms, and some of them are based on the meaning of words, it is remarkable that students can draw by themselves and exchange ideas by themselves, which also enhances their confidence in literacy.

Make a jingle

Phrases are easy to remember, catchy and often used, which can play a multiplier role in students' literacy and memory. For example, the small window is thin and long, and the eyes are bright and bright. "Moon" boat crescent moon, Chang 'e Jade Rabbit takes a boat. The mouth is a big square mouth, empty. There is a circle of light around the "sun" square, and only the fireball is in the center; For example, the word "forest, forest" can be written as "forest, forest", which is really useful for trees. Two trees make a forest, three trees make a forest; For another example, the word "light" can be written as "the car on the left runs slowly, the overpass stands in the air and the runway is horizontal." If you lean slightly, the workers under the bridge will fall asleep. " There is also a horizontal line under the grass head of "Yan". The mouth is hidden in the north, and there are four o'clock in the end, and spring flies thousands of miles. "Never put off till tomorrow what you can" "Wang Laotou, Bai Laotou, sit together on a big stone." Let's drop the word "He" horizontally and add another horizontal, one vertical in the middle of the word, one left and one right, so that the new word will not be forgotten. Look at the sheep with bent tails. The "front" point is the horizontal length, hidden under the moon knife, and so on. Students not only use these formulas to memorize new words, but also make up formulas as an independent creative literacy method, which greatly improves the enthusiasm of learning Chinese characters.

3. crossword puzzles, crossword puzzles to stimulate interest.

Guessing is a good way to stimulate students' interest in literacy, which can not only enliven the classroom atmosphere. It can also exercise students' thinking. For example, when teaching the class "Forest after Rain", I started by guessing riddles to stimulate my interest. "Look at a layer of sand from a distance and a string of pearls from a distance. As long as it comes, walking umbrellas are everywhere. After students guess the answer, show the word "rain" and guide students to learn the new word "rain", thus introducing the study of the text and stimulating students' interest in learning. When I was teaching "Earth" again, I asked how much is "one" plus "ten"? After brainstorming, students say "the earth", and some have seen "dry". Saying "dry" loudly is such an interesting guessing activity. Students are fond of learning and remembering, and their interest in literacy is increasing day by day.

4. Add and subtract strokes.

The application of addition and subtraction games in Chinese literacy class will make students more motivated to learn literacy. Such as wood+wood = (); Small+big = (); Meeting-personnel = (); Ben-() = wood; Vertical+wood = (); Therefore,-Wen = (); ()+() = Move. In this way, literacy is no longer a boring rote learning process, but an interesting intellectual game.

There are many ways to teach literacy, such as reading aloud with nursery rhymes, matching words, finding friends, picking apples, and sending word babies home. Generally speaking, juniors like playing games. Teachers only need to stimulate students' interest in learning according to their psychological characteristics, and choose various teaching methods in time to create a pleasant learning atmosphere for students. Make literacy teaching step into the ideal situation of "teachers enjoy teaching and students enjoy learning".

Second, teach students literacy methods and cultivate literacy skills.

Literacy teaching cannot be simply understood as just teaching students how many Chinese characters. It is important to teach students the methods of literacy, so as to cultivate their literacy ability. Therefore, in teaching, according to the characteristics of Chinese characters and the law of learning Chinese, students should try their best to sum up literacy with their own knowledge. In teaching, teachers should help students sum up some laws of literacy. For example, the rules of pronunciation classification (standing, strength and beauty), stroke order (first horizontal and then vertical: ten, wood, earth and work) (first left and then pressed: eight, full, big and granular) (from top to bottom: card, king and main), stroke change (Bei, see) and font classification (Bei, see) should be taught by teachers. For example, in the first lesson of "Learning Words and Sentences (2)" in the second volume of teaching, after learning the new words in this lesson, ask the students to classify: What radical does "lion, fox, gorilla and cat" belong to? (Anti-dog) What is the radical of "chicken, duck and goose"? Next to the word bird, the teacher asked, "What are lions, foxes and cats?" The student replied, "They are all animals." The teacher gave another inspiration: "if you look carefully, you can divide these words into two categories." What are their characteristics? " After careful observation, the students said, "From these words, we can see that mammals are mostly anti-dogs, while birds are mostly anti-dogs." Only by teaching students excellent learning methods can students have the ability to "draw inferences from others" and constantly improve their literacy.

At the same time, in literacy teaching, in addition to teaching students to use Chinese Pinyin independently to identify accurate pronunciation, and to teach students to analyze glyphs with strokes, strokes, radicals and glyph structures to improve their literacy ability, they should also focus on teaching students to learn to look up words in a dictionary, understand the meaning of words with the help of a dictionary or in connection with the context, and cultivate their ability to understand the meaning of words. Only by combining sound, form and meaning closely can students' literacy be better improved.

Third, combine life experience and literacy in life practice.

Students live in this colorful world, Chinese characters can be seen everywhere, and everything around them or places with Chinese characters in their lives are the source of students' independent literacy. So how to cultivate and guide students to read independently in life? The main methods are briefly described as follows:

1. Read in the school environment.

The name and motto of the school, signs in classrooms of various function rooms, and famous sayings and aphorisms on indoor and outdoor verandas remind students to observe discipline and pay attention to safety tips. The walls around the playground, placards on both sides of the road, beside flowers and trees, and surnames of teachers and classmates all provide students with a harmonious and natural best reading environment. Leading students to read on campus and letting children know Chinese characters skillfully in their favorite way not only plays an educational role, but also increases their knowledge of Chinese characters and develops their thinking.

2. Use social environment to read.

Chinese characters can be seen everywhere in life. The names of toys, stationery, household appliances, television, advertisements, street slogans and the names of animals and plants around you can enable students to make word cards, patterned pictures and labeled objects for memory and communication. This will not only enable students to know more about Chinese characters, but also cultivate students' observation and hands-on operation ability, making it easier for students to remember Chinese characters.

Fourth, in literacy teaching, strengthen the training of students' language and writing.

In the literacy teaching of lower grades, we should pay attention to the development of students' knowledge ability, values and emotional attitudes. Therefore, in teaching, we should not only read, but also pay attention to developing students' language and intelligence. In teaching, we should not only learn Chinese characters well, but also strengthen the training of basic Chinese skills such as listening, speaking, reading and writing.

For example, in Learning Literacy 3, students can use "knife, mountain" to expand words; (broadsword), (knife), (machete), (kitchen knife) ... Mountain (mountain), (mountain), (volcano), (Rocky Mountain), (mountain), (mountain), (mountain), (mountain), (mountain) ... Students have been trained, enriching vocabulary and accumulating. Students can also use new words to form words and speak, for example, using the word "open" to form words and speak.

Health: boil (boiled water) We can't drink raw water, we should drink boiled water.

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Student: The teacher is in a meeting.

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Health: Open the door. I'll open the door for dad when he comes back from work.

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Health: The peach trees in my back garden are in bloom.

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Through the combination of learning and application, students can correctly use the words they know in the language environment, thus consolidating the relationship between sound, form and meaning of words and learning the words they want to learn.

In primary school Chinese teaching, it is not an easy task to strengthen junior high school students' literacy ability. As long as we teachers grasp the psychological characteristics of junior students in teaching, follow certain rules, be brave in innovation in class, be good at inspiring students' minds, and let students really "start with their hands, open their mouths and use their brains" to attend classes in accordance with their aptitude, thus promoting students' literacy ability, helping children learn more languages and laying a solid foundation for reading and writing.