Who is the emperor in spring?-In Li Shangyin's Jinse, the king's heart cries in the cuckoo.

I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, and each string has a youthful interval.

Zhuang Mengdie, Wang Chunxin is crying.

Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea, and the blue fields breathed their jade to the sun.

A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I know it.

Jinse is the most popular and obscure masterpiece in Li Shangyin's poems. It is a masterpiece in Tang poetry and an idol of modern obscure poetry school. Therefore, people have different views on this poem. Therefore, I intend to appreciate it sentence by sentence and add my own views in order to attract more attention.

In what kind of life situation did the producer of "I don't know my Fifty Strings of Jinse" think of making Jinse? Why does Jinse want fifty strings? In this series, there are youthful years, eventful years, fleeting reappearance and unforgettable highlights. Players and manufacturers have dedicated their lives to Jinse, watering Jinse, and making Jinse colorful and shining in the light, shadow and melody of the years. Seeing gold has aroused people's various associations and speculations. During this period, the story of life is that the spring breeze is warm, the summer rain is pouring, the autumn wind is bleak, or the winter wind is cold. A series of stories with unpredictable turbulence all year round. How many are there in fifty strings? How to play the fifty strings? String after string, bit by bit, layer by layer, how much love and hate have accumulated, and how much regret and guilt have been left. The story should not be calm in the mood for love. Some are green, some are fat, some are thin, and some are fighting for green and red. Unless it happened, who knows what it was like, and who can accurately express ignorance with clever words when it happened before. Why are you made, polished, passed by, played, created, tampered with, crushed and destroyed for no reason?

There will be good news when the strings of "every flower has a youthful interval" rustle. In the world of Jinse, there was once a beautiful love mood. Looking back on the past years, those years have a youthful atmosphere and a unique pursuit. Young and frivolous, so everything is a cinch, everything can be your own. The hero looks around the world and wants to turn it upside down. Hot-blooded men will inevitably travel around the world to make contributions, even scholars should display their talents and help people share their worries for the country. How many battlefield battles and court debates have been played by Jinse, saying in the order of tit for tat that the battle flag is flying on the battlefield to win the fame after death, and the notes flying in all directions are jumping out of a beautiful picture of life. In the spring breeze and moonlight, a sweet Cupid sowed the seeds of love. A touch of crimson once adorned her beautiful face, a ray of emotion once disturbed her heart, and a wicker once led her lover. The most affectionate woman in the red chamber has interpreted many stories of human spring scenery and love, and the brocade is gently gathered and slowly entangled. In this year of China, there is a youthful and proud voice singing inner purity and longing. Naturally, everything will not be smooth sailing. There will be the troubles of young Werther, the quiet beauty of whispering in autumn, the disappointment and regret when the spring flowers and the autumn moon are gone, and the inner suffering of rolling waves. Even so, you can still be a Don Quixote hero like Kuafu day by day. Thinking about the past and the future, the years are thick.

Did Zhuang Zhou turn into a butterfly or did the butterfly turn into Zhuang Zhou in "The Butterfly in Meng Xiao"? Is the fish swimming happily in the water, or is it not the fish's children who know the fish's happiness? Jinse notes once left a place for confused thinkers. It is the butterfly that evolved from the thinking of the Warring States philosophers to the lovers' spirits in front of Shuihu and Zhu Yingtai's tomb, and it has also become the initiator of the sensational effect caused by online pop music. It's a butterfly dancing among flowers, and it's seen all over the world. In the butterfly world, there are natural flowers flying, affectionate peony flowing, pure peony, playful and pungent spring, wintersweet in full bloom and peach blossom burning. Tea elk flowers are unfinished, pomegranate flowers are gorgeous, lotus flowers are red, Polygonum hydropiper flowers are purple, osmanthus flowers are thousands of miles fragrant, chrysanthemums are the best, October flowers are pilgrimage, banana flowers are unique, and daffodils make friends for two seasons. Butterflies sang the dream of Yuanyang Butterfly with flowers. When Zhuang Zhou woke up from his dream, the butterfly had flown far away, leaving a curtain of dreams for future generations to mourn and think about. Things are changing, and the ambitions of the early years have turned into fleeting clouds, and it is inevitable that heroes and children will be frustrated. This dream is not a whimsical dream, not a dream of returning to camp, but a dream of ten years of poverty and happiness in Yangzhou. Whether the bullet returns or the song returns is unknown. Zhuang Zhou, don't be obsessed with butterflies!

"Wang Chunxin's cuckoo crow" cherishes spring, often fearing that flowers will bloom early and spring will return in a hurry. The sound of the golden harp played the epitaph of the nobility. At the end of the Zhou Dynasty, Du Yu, the monarch of Shu, wanted to be the heir of Yao and Shun, and handed over the country to the king who thought he was virtuous. Unexpectedly, great rivers and mountains were handed over to mediocre people who could not be cured, which was even worse than Liu Huangshu's careless loss of Jingzhou and Zhuge Liang's tears to behead Ma Su. The end of Zen retreat is not the rectification of the world, but the disintegration and fragmentation. In the end, the country was destroyed and the soul of a generation of kings turned into a bird. In The Cuckoo's Call, there are angry voices that Emperor Xian of Han was imprisoned against his will, and there are also voices that Apollo can't relax. There is Liu Adou's helplessness in pretending to be crazy and selling stupidity; There is Tang Aidi's inability to control the tragic road of surrender; There are descendants of Song Huizong's legacy, Jingkang's difficult defection; There is a far-fetched trip by Emperor Chongzhen to save the world. There is a way for Emperor Xuan Tong to go upstream and save the hopeless decline. In a world where ghosts walk by night and ghosts walk by day, who can solve the desire for the emperor and turn chaos into right? Du Fu's voice, jingwei's reclaimed wood, Du Fu's voice, the United dance of Xingtian, Du Fu's voice, Farewell My Concubine Wujiang, Du Fu's voice, Xuanzong's stealing from Beijing. The melody of Jinse is changed to a different voice here. When it hurts the world, it finally becomes a dream.

"Mermaid drops pearl-like tears down the green ocean like the moon" changes every day, and the times are as new as a chess game. However, no matter how the world changes, there will be no passionate voice of youth in Jinse's tunes. Li Bai's absolute beauty will eventually be replaced by Du Fu's depression and frustration, and Du Li's prosperity will eventually be replaced by Du Li's loss in the late Tang Dynasty. Even so, the mentality of "once the sea was difficult for water, amber forever" will not change in time. If we keep pace with the times, there should be a process of getting rid of the past gradually. Looking back at yesterday's glory and now's embarrassment, we can't help but turn back and forth, and our hearts can't be calm. "There is Jiao Ren in the South China Sea ... whose eyes will shed tears ..." On the moonlit night, in the breeze, Jiao Ren cried into beads, telling endless sadness and hesitation. On the other hand, pearls are born from mussels, and mussels are bred in the sea. The gestation process is painful and difficult. When the moon is bright and the sea is calm, mussels will open their mouths to the moon. The pearls in mussels are especially bright because of the brilliance of the moon. The moon is the pearl in the sky, and the pearl is the moon in the water. Pearls have been kept in mussels for too long, so they can only show up on a moonlit night. But "Golden wind and jade dew meet, and countless people win." Because the waiting process is too long and the accumulated thoughts are too long, it is Yang, with clouds floating in the sky, wind blowing on the ground and waves rippling on the sea. There are more people in heaven than Cowherd and Weaver Girl's Tanabata party, and there are more silent stories than vocal ones. Moonlight, like water, shines on pearls, and pearls, like the moon, radiate the sea. In the distant sight, we find and enrich each other's beauty, radiate and mature their respective charms. At this time, the pearl is no longer the watery spirit of Jiao Ren, but shines brilliantly. Even if you shed tears, you will cry with joy. After waiting and missing, I know how to cherish and have, and after chaos and turmoil, I know how to maintain long-term stability. It's not that "a strong business woman doesn't know how to hate her country and sing backyard flowers across the river", but she is eager to meet the next era of singing and dancing with a romantic attitude and positive actions.

"Lantian is breathing its own jade facing the sun" in the lantian jade is famous all over the world, and the hot weather makes the smoke a spectacle. Lantian Mountain in the southeast of Lantian County, Shaanxi Province is a famous place for producing jade, and the jade produced is of excellent texture. Under the irradiation of sunlight, light refracts and reflects, and jade itself has excellent qualifications. Jade itself absorbs the essence of heaven and earth, contains jade gas, and will gradually rise in the bright sunshine, forming a rare natural beauty. Li Bai's "Purple Smoke from Rizhao Incense Burner" is similar to this, both of which are ingenious and ingenious. Natural beauty not only gives people sensory enjoyment, but also brings spiritual imagination and thinking. The elusive love life is like this kind of cigar smoke. From a distance, there is no smoke, and the hazy beauty produced by distance can only be produced on the premise of playing not far away. This secret but untouchable love, this unrequited love pursuit, and this function of losing love for fear of approaching make the already lost heart look even more helpless and unrequited, and secretly love the dreamy inner world in the sun. On the other hand, the more you hate love, the closer you get, the closer you get, and the more you ask for each other. The sweetness of love turns into the pressure of life, and the unbearable overlapping family life will turn the prince in the fairy tale into a husband within a foot and the princess into Cinderella. Life at this time is like jade in the sun. It is the process of carving a hard stone into a priceless treasure jade, and it is also the process of couples upgrading from lovers in love to relatives in life. The process from love to affection is roughly the same. Happy families are all alike; each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way. Love life is like this, so is political life. The ideal of "Supreme King Yao and Shun" includes both the process of waiting anxiously because of emptiness and the process of realizing the need of forging body and mind. Under the mutual polishing of ideal and reality, the stubborn stone becomes jade and becomes jade.

"and a moment that should last forever" and "I can't get rid of this feeling, but I frown, but I feel it in my heart." In the face of confusion in love life, twists and turns in political life, sadness and confusion in daily life, it is inevitable that anyone will have a lingering fear and cannot give up. The world of pure love with infinite scenery and sweet intoxication is beyond our reach, such as the graceful and pure lotus flower, which can be seen from a distance and cannot be played. Can only be waiting, waiting for the arrival of the climax. The political career of enlisting millions of soldiers and winning the world is beyond our reach, such as the elegant peony with a group of leaders, which is unattainable. We can only wait until the time is right. Idle reading poetry books is an optimistic day, and the idle life of immortals in the tea tasting contest is beyond our reach, such as independent and elegant chrysanthemums, which can be envied and not joked. Can only wait, wait for the care of heaven. Such an emotional life becomes a memory while waiting. Looking back, the world of youth is wonderful. Which boy is not romantic, which girl doesn't love spring, the yearning and pursuit process of hazy and mysterious emotional life is itself a process of purifying the soul and growing up healthily. Platonic love makes many lonely and turbulent young people become angels who spread the gospel and pursue their careers. Handsome teenagers have evolved into confident young people in the process of releasing their energy, showing their specialties and attracting many eyes. In the process of exerting their own advantages, smiling like a flower and leading the fashion trend, beautiful girls have gradually become gentle women. This process, which is full of expectation and longing, pathological pain transformation and dramatic joy acceptance, is a waiting process and an unforgettable one. The world of youth is more about the pursuit of fame and fortune. "Thirty fame, the dust settles, eight thousand miles of clouds and moons, no leisure, young people with green hair on their heads, great achievements" is an ideal realm. "Imagine Gong Jin, when Joe got married for the first time, he was a hero. Feather fan nylon scarf, laughing and laughing, strong ashes "is the goal of chasing." "Because young, so hard-edged, because young, so don't care, because young, so strong and fierce. However, when we look back, we should not regret wasting time and doing nothing. However, nine times out of ten, life is unsatisfactory, and everything can be satisfactory. Some things can only be waiting, expecting and recalling.

"It had come and gone before I knew it" and "Confusion gave me confused eyes, but I used him to find my sobriety." Obviously, all kinds of joys and sorrows in emotional life are not in one state. There is a saying that "always remember the sunset in Xiting, and I don't know where to go." Always had a good time, but lost to the swimming pool deep in Zhu Feng. I opened a beach for seagulls and herons for the ferry. "Happy time, there is also" search, barren, miserable ... Indus drizzle, to dusk, dribs and drabs. This time, when I was young, it was more like "teenagers don't know the taste of sorrow, fall in love with the floor, and say they are worried about adding new words." Only when you reach a certain age can you bear the burden of humiliation and look at flowers calmly. However, things are not that simple. "The tree wants to be quiet but the wind will not stop", and the state of meditation will not last long. It seems that a person's life is not entirely in his own hands, so there are "bare hands, yellow rattan rice wine, and spring willows all over the city." Dong Feng Xie, who is in a bad mood, has been very depressed in recent years. No, no, no! Spring is the same, people are empty, and tears are red and sad. Peach blossom falls, idle pool pavilion. Meng Shan is here. Brocade is hard to trust. Mo, Mo, Mo! "When we are lonely, it is inevitable to look back at the past years like a song. How can I not exclaim, "Spring is gone, thank the people of Los Angeles"? "I miss it, and the twilight is heavy. "In this way, the cognitive and aesthetic process of emotional life is completed in the ups and downs. In fact, there is no unified model for love life, only personalized pursuit. Two strangers of the opposite sex developed from acquaintance, acquaintance and love to finally becoming lovers in the besieged city. Even if there is a rumor that "tobacco is flowing, the city is full of wind and rain, and plums are raining yellow", how can it be as inseparable as "smoke flying and dancing" and "Dongcheng is getting better scenery"? Thus, confusion becomes intoxication, imagination becomes action, and phenomenon becomes essence. Experienced wind and rain, I know more about the importance of cherishing. Cherish fate, treasure wealth, cherish life, love flowers, love home and love life. The maze in political life seems more difficult to break. There are heroic dry clouds such as "counting romantic figures, looking at the present", battlefields such as "the horse flies like a thunderbolt", jitters such as "I want to go home by the wind, but I'm afraid I won't catch cold at high altitude", "It's a big dream in the world, and there are several autumn coolings in my life" and resolute thinking that "it's the best policy to abandon my official career and avoid the world of mortals". "The past cannot be pursued, and the future can still be remonstrated. There is a heroic elegance, "One day, I will ride the wind and waves, sail straight and cross the deep sea" ... all kinds of feelings, to name a few, are not among them!

This poem was written in the 12th year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (858) at the age of 46. After his promotion, he returned to Zhengzhou to live in seclusion and died soon. The content of the poem is to recall the past and feel depressed. Slow down when reading, which always gives people a feeling of confusion.

There are always different opinions on the creative intention of the poem Jinse, which is divided into three parts: cherishing people, chanting things, mourning for the dead, hurting one's own life experience, pinning the encounter between the monarch and the minister, and starting with an order. But it boils down to one thing, that is, no matter how hard the poet tried to create a sentence at that time, he was thinking about the subtle value of life ("Thank you! For a living? What's the use of living How can people be useful when they are alive? " ), will consciously or unconsciously pour into the pen, but he is better at expressing it with poetic images and language.

"I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, each with a youthful interval." Seeing a string of columns on the brocade in front of you is like seeing the glorious years and the love mood. These are true feelings and blood. Sadly, these glories are all in the past, and they are so short-lived-just "fifty strings", thank you! Just "fifty strings" Is there no other choice? The poet used "Jinse" to describe the beautiful "New Year" and "Thinking" to arouse "unprovoked" doubts. As soon as he came up, he cut to the chase and pointed out his deep thinking about the value of life.

"Saint Zhuangzi daydreaming, bewitched by butterflies, crowed by the cuckoo of the emperor." I'm not the only one who thinks about the ultimate value of life: Zhuangzi, who has the ambition of "spreading his wings in Wan Li", never forgets to discuss this issue in his dream, so that his butterfly is hard to defend; After the death of your master, Emperor Wang Di, he still became a bleeding throat, and he had to keep calling cuckoo to tell his doubts. "Butterfly Dream Fan" is expressed by the word "Xiao", hoping that the rising sun will illuminate the road of life and turn the original narcissistic or wandering meaning into a dreamland; "Du Fuxin Tuo" is broken according to the word "spring", which turns the old feelings of resentment and disappointment into vitality. I hope that spring will stay forever and inspire you to move forward bravely.

"Mermaids shed pearl-like tears in the moon-green sea, and the blue fields breathe their jade to the sun." The pearls in the sea can shed crystal tears only when the moon is in the sky; The beautiful jade under Lantian can only rise in the elegant haze when it is warm. That's the way it is, and so should people. The creation of the beautiful artistic conception of "bright moon on the sea" and "warm blue sky" is not only the expression and display of the poet's exquisite artistic accomplishment, but also the standard and measure for the poet to answer the value of life. Poets push people with things, expanding and deepening the theme of poetry. The highlight of the whole article is here, and so is the soul.

"A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I realize it." Looking back, although I have made great efforts to pursue a beautiful life ideal with a sincere heart full of blood and tears, the jade-like years and pearl-like years can pass by when they are worth cherishing; Face the reality: lovers leave, their wives die, their prime of life is over, their ambitions are hard to show, their achievements are not built ... The days of awakening are no longer beautiful. The tragic ending of crying makes the poet return to "what is the value of life?" How to achieve it? " Deep thinking and confusion have greatly enhanced the shocking power of poetry. It is precisely because of this tragic color of life and the tragic atmosphere of poetry that this poem can "win countless heroes."

There are traces of sadness and Zen.

-Appreciation of Li Shangyin's "Jinse"

I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, and each string has a youthful interval.

Zhuangzi daydreaming, a saint, was bewitched by butterflies, and cuckoo crowed in the imperial spring.

Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea, and the blue fields breathed their jade to the sun.

A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I know it.

There are always different opinions about the creative intention of Li Shangyin's Jinse. Or think it's patriotic, or think it's a memorial to his dead wife, or think it's a theory of self-injury, or think it's a pen to express your thoughts and treat your children. The author believes that the reason why this poem has been passed down through the ages is that on the one hand, it expresses the author's extreme sadness after the disillusionment of love, on the other hand, it contains meditation after sadness.

Li Shangyin (AD 8 13-858) was born in Yishan, Yuxi, Fan Nansheng, and in Hanoi, Huaizhou (now Qinyang, Henan). In his early years, he had the political ambition of "returning to heaven and earth", opposed the separatist regime of the buffer region, opposed the eunuch's authoritarian power, and despised the progressive thought of "the ancient sages and sages" Unfortunately, his luck is not very good. First, he won an award for the Niu Party's Ling Huchu and his son, and later became the son-in-law of Wang Maoyuan, who is closely related to the Li Party. He was caught up in the struggle between Niu and Li for 20 years, and his career was bumpy. As Cui Jue said in "Crying for Li Shangyin", "I lost my talent in vain, and I have never made it public in my life", and I became a victim of party struggle for no reason.

In personal life, Li Shangyin is a person who attaches great importance to feelings. It is said that he met a female Taoist in "True Love" in his early years, and there may be other love experiences, but all of them have no results; After marriage, he and his wife had an excellent relationship, but his wife died at the age of 39. So in his mind, the pain caused by love is also extremely profound.

Political frustration, irreconcilable and irretrievable sadness in life experience make Li Shangyin often wrapped in a sentimental and depressed mood. In order to dispel his worries, Li Shangyin, who was originally devoted to Buddhism, forged a deeper love affair with Buddhism. The so-called "three years later, I lost my family." Only when you live a quiet life and feel unhappy will you be willing to serve the Buddha. Fang is willing to ring the bell to sweep the floor and walk "("Preface to Fan Nanyi's Collection "). This emotional tone deeply influenced his aesthetic taste, made his poetry content more oriented to inner experience, and gradually formed a poetic style of sadness, elegance, precision, confusion, abstraction, obscurity and self-adaptation. Jinse is a very representative one.

"I want to know why my Jinse has fifty strings, each with a youthful interval." Jinse: A stringed instrument with beautiful brocade patterns. It is said that it used to have 50 strings, but later it was changed to 25 strings, and its timbre was very sad. At the beginning of the poem, the author doesn't write anything else, but begins with "Jinse", asking questions for no reason, and then leads to a sigh of "Flower Year" with "thinking". It seems deliberate, but it is natural. Isn't the colorful brocade pattern his own mood for love? Isn't Arthur's sad tone his own painful life? Chinese New Year has passed. For example, there are 50 strings on the Jinse. There is no reason and no need to explain. Even if it is explained, there is no way to say it. However, a string and a column of Jinse pop up one paragraph at a time, but it can't help but remind the author of the past of the New Year. Sighing that the scenery of Huashengjing has passed away, I feel unspeakable sadness, confused voice and unbearable disappointment. This is the first sentence and touching.

"Saint Zhuangzi daydreaming, bewitched by butterflies, crowed by cuckoos. Mermaids shed pearl-like tears on the moon-green sea, and the blue fields breathe their jade to the sun. " Each of the four middle sentences uses an allusion. The third sentence is "Zhuangzi? In the story of Zhuang Sheng dreaming of butterflies, Zhuangzi, a philosopher in the Warring States Period, is said to have dreamed that he became a butterfly and flew freely, but he didn't recognize his own butterfly when he woke up. The fourth sentence uses the story of the cuckoo weeping for blood in Huayang Guozhi, hoping that the emperor, the ancient Shu monarch Du, died in advance and his soul became a cuckoo. Every spring, he cries until he bleeds. The fifth sentence uses the story of Jiao Ren (the mythical mermaid) in the Caspian Sea in natural history. Legend has it that pearls are made from Jiao Ren's tears in the sea. New Tang book? The Biography of De Renjie uses "the pearl of the sea" as a metaphor for talent being buried. The sixth sentence comes from Gambao's Searching for God in the Southern and Northern Dynasties. According to legend, during the Spring and Autumn Period, Yu Zi, the youngest daughter of Fu Cha, the king of Wu, adored Han Zhong and wanted to marry him, but she failed, so she died of depression. When Han Zhong came back from studying abroad, he went to her grave to pay his respects. Suddenly, Yu Zi showed his true colors, gave a pearl to Han Zhong and sang for him. Han Feng wanted to hug her, but Yu Zi disappeared like smoke. In the Tang Dynasty, Dai Shulun described poetry as "the sky is warm in the daytime and jade is full of smoke" (see Si Kongtu's Book of Jipu). Each of the four allusions has an image, which implies the author's painful reflection on his love, career, ideal and pursuit in this life and present. Zhuangzi daydreaming, a saint, was bewitched by butterflies and aspired to be empty; The king emperor's longing for love is crying in cuckoo, and he is disillusioned. The exquisite Haizhu, which was originally a rare treasure, is now just a "pearl tear" reflected by the bright moon and abandoned in the sea alone; The goal one pursues is like the blue fields breathing their jade at the sun, which can be seen, but can't be placed before it is imminent.

The Buddhist scriptures say that "all phases are right and wrong", "color is empty, and emptiness is color", and "don't suffer" and "everything is like a dream." Poets who know the impermanence of the world clearly know that everything in golden times will eventually leave them, and they will be replaced by the butterfly dream that is about to be broken, the cuckoo crying with tears in her heart, the tears reflected on the lonely moon, and the jade smoke blowing in the wind ... Sure enough, life is impermanent and diseases are like rivers. In an instant, the ideal is shattered, the pursuit is frustrated, love is like smoke, and moss turns into snow.

"A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I realize it." Looking back, although I have made great efforts to pursue a beautiful life ideal with a sincere heart full of blood and tears, the jade-like years and pearl-like years can pass by when they are worth cherishing; Let's face it: lovers leave, their wives die, their prime of life is over, their ambitions are hard to show, their achievements are not built ... when they suddenly wake up, the scenery is gone. Even then, it was endless. Now, it is lonely. The tearful and tragic questioning made the poet fall into "What is the value of life?" Deep thinking and confusion have greatly enhanced the power of poetry.

With his unique emotional experience, Li Shangyin realized the true meaning of Buddhism: everything is empty, everything is bitter, impermanent and disillusioned, and everything can't be bitter. However, poets are flesh and blood after all. He knows that he pursues disillusionment and emptiness, but he still can't jump out of the secular cage. He is still obsessed with ideals, youth and love, enthusiastically eulogizing and sentimentally attached, and has embarked on the opposite road to Buddhism. No wonder at the end of this poem, I sighed, "A moment that should last forever has come and gone before I know it."