What are the eight aspects of good work style for leading cadres?

General Secretary Hu Jintao pointed out in his speech at the Seventh Plenary Session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection: Leading cadres must vigorously strengthen good styles in the following eight aspects:?6?1 1. Be diligent and studious, and apply what you learn;?6 ?1 2. Caring about the masses and serving the people; ?6?1 3. Working hard and striving for practical results; ?6?1 4. Working hard and being diligent and frugal; ?6?1 5. Taking the overall situation into consideration and following orders and prohibitions; 1 6. Carry forward democracy and unite political leaders; 6 1 7. Enforce the law impartially and engage in politics with integrity; 6 1 8. Live an upright and healthy life Principles for the operation of power of leading cadres and how their supervision and restriction mechanisms can effectively curb leading cadres The corruption problem in China is an important political and legal issue that we must face currently. “Unrestrained power will inevitably lead to corruption,” and “from the nature of things, to prevent abuse of power, power must be restrained by power.” The exercise of power by leading cadres should reflect the following six principles. ?6?1 Principle of limitation?6?1 The public power of modern democratic countries is limited rather than unlimited. Unlimited power only exists in autocratic countries. Montesquieu once said: "All powerful people are prone to abuse their power. This is an eternal experience. Powerful people exercise their power until they encounter a limit." This limit is the law of the country. regulations. Leading cadres must also abide by the "limited" principle and exercise their powers within the limits of national laws, regulations and intra-party regulations, and cannot exceed these boundaries. ?6?1 Of course, each unit also has its own rules and regulations. These rules and regulations must first reflect the "limited" principle and cannot break through the provisions of higher-level laws, especially laws and regulations, and give unlimited power to decision-making subjects, especially individuals. Because as Comrade Deng Xiaoping said: "A good system can prevent bad people from running rampant, and a bad system can prevent good people from fully doing good things, and even go to the opposite direction." ?6?1 Democratic Principles?6?1 Marx has a famous saying: " In a democratic country, the law is the king; in an autocratic country, the king is the law. "Whether a unit has a democratic style is a value standard for measuring whether the unit implements modern governance. Practice has proven that democracy is the most conducive way to prevent decision-making errors due to personal arbitrariness. Democracy means the participation and expression of opinions of the majority. Therefore, compared with autocracy, democracy is bound to be less efficient, but the lack of efficiency is often compensated by the reflection of values ??such as fairness and justice. ?6?1 Some scholars pointed out that "the democratic system is inefficient as a decision-making system, but its non-political side effects are enough to justify it. If we want our society to be vibrant and prosperous, universal participation Political life is the price we must pay; there is no alternative.”?6?1 The “three majors and one major” system is the embodiment of democratic principles. It requires that decisions on major matters, the appointment and dismissal of important cadres, the arrangement of important projects and the use of large amounts of funds must be decided through collective discussion by relevant institutions, rather than by individual leaders. To implement this system, we must first figure out which matters belong to the "three major and one major" and what are the decision-making entities corresponding to these matters. ?6?1 Secondly, there must be detailed regulations on specific decision-making steps and methods to ensure the true realization of democratic principles. For example, during collective discussions, the main leader cannot first express his position to "set the tone" or express some tendentious views. Instead, the participants should speak freely and express their positions fully and freely. The main leader can then Finally, make a concluding speech based on the speeches at the meeting. ?6?1 Principles of the rule of law ?6?1 The rule of law is proposed to be different from the rule of man or the rule of virtue. Practice has proved that relying mainly on the personal moral cultivation of leaders to achieve good governance and prevent corruption of power is very dangerous and unreliable. The fundamental way to solve the problem of power alienation is to establish a sound system, regulate this system by law, and use the coercive power of the law to ensure its implementation. ?6?1 The implementation of the principle of rule of law in the exercise of the power of leading cadres is to realize the transformation from human governance to institutional governance. This requires that we first establish and improve various rules and regulations so that there are rules to follow.

The various rules and regulations formulated should be, as Aristotle said, "well-formulated in themselves", that is, the system itself should be scientific and rigorous. Secondly, the behavioral standards set by the system itself must be feasible and can be put into practice. "What must be done means what can be done."?6?1 If the standards set are unrealistic, you will inevitably face such problems Embarrassing situation: Either allow violations to occur, damaging the seriousness of the system itself; or strictly enforce these systems, causing new injustices, which will damage the authority and credibility of the system. With a sound system, the implementation of the system becomes particularly important. This is a key link in the implementation of the system. At present, the occurrence of corruption by some leading cadres is due to the imperfect system and the reason that the current system has not been well implemented. ?6?1 In recent years, our country has accelerated the pace of legal system construction, and the socialist legal system has begun to take shape. However, some legal systems have not been well implemented. Therefore, the top priority is to improve the execution of the system. Leading cadres should set an example and abide by national laws and regulations. Only in this way can a strong atmosphere of compliance with laws and disciplines be formed in the entire society. ?6?1 In recent years, our country has accelerated the pace of legal system construction, and the socialist legal system has begun to take shape. However, some legal systems have not been well implemented. Therefore, the top priority is to improve the execution of the system. Leading cadres should set an example and abide by national laws and regulations. Only in this way can a strong atmosphere of compliance with laws and disciplines be formed in the entire society. ?6?1 In recent years, our country has accelerated the pace of legal system construction, and the socialist legal system has begun to take shape. However, some legal systems have not been well implemented. Therefore, the top priority is to improve the execution of the system. Leading cadres should set an example and abide by national laws and regulations. Only in this way can a strong atmosphere of compliance with laws and disciplines be formed in the entire society. ?6?1 Procedural Principle ?6?1 Procedure refers to the way, steps, sequence, time, etc. of engaging in certain behaviors. Regarding the value of procedure, some scholars believe that “it is procedure that determines most of the gap between the rule of law and arbitrary or capricious rule of man. Firm compliance with strict procedures is what we rely on to achieve equal access to justice for everyone before the law.” "Main guarantee." Marx also believed that "procedure is the life form of law and the expression of the inner life of law." Procedure is relative to entity. ?6?1 Substantive law is the establishment (legislation), distribution (administration) and adjustment (judiciary) of rights and obligations. Procedural law is the basic rules that must be followed for the above activities and is the basic guarantee for the realization of substantive law. In addition, procedural law also has its own independent value, that is, procedural law can exist before substantive law, can supplement the deficiencies of substantive law, and can also correct the bias of substantive law. For example, to regulate the administrative behavior of the government, there can be no substantive law, but it cannot be without procedural law. ?6?1 A sound procedural system is an effective means of controlling the government. In our country's history, there is an ideological and cultural tradition that emphasizes substantive justice and neglects procedures. In order to pursue the so-called substantive justice, it is even at the expense of procedures. If you avoid the procedural system that restricts the exercise of your power, even if there are no corruption factors involved in the decision-making behavior, because the decision-making process is not open, people's reasonable suspicion of "secret operations" and "power-for-money transactions" cannot be ruled out. If leading cadres want to improve the credibility of their decision-making, strict compliance with procedures and systems is the best choice. ?6?1 Principle of Transparency?6?1 Openness of government affairs to social supervision is an important guarantee for preventing government corruption. In 2007, the State Council promulgated the "Regulations on the Disclosure of Government Information of the People's Republic of China", marking a substantial step in the institutionalization of government information disclosure in our country. At the third session of the 11th National People's Congress, Premier Wen Jiabao emphasized in his government work report that "create conditions for the people to criticize and supervise the government." ?6?1 The right to know is an important prerequisite for the right of supervision. In order to win the trust of the people and society, government agencies should further expand the scope of disclosed matters and increase the intensity of disclosure. In principle, everything that does not involve state secrets, commercial secrets or personal privacy must be made public. Let the operation of power be subject to supervision at all times and minimize or even avoid the occurrence of "power rent-seeking".

?6?1 Responsibility Principle ?6?1 Modern government management theory requires that government rights and responsibilities must be unified, that is, power must be combined with responsibility. If the government violates the law, it must bear corresponding responsibilities. This will help cultivate the sense of responsibility of government officials. "In terms of legal concepts, the main thing is that sanctions must be attached; in other words, non-compliance with the law must be punished or punished. If non-compliance with the law is not punished, resolutions or orders that appear to be legal are actually nothing more than advice or suggestions." Therefore, the implementation of the accountability system is the best way to promote the government's governance according to law. ?6?1 In recent years, our country has intensified its efforts to hold government officials accountable for their illegal acts, including the implementation of many systems such as "taking the blame and resigning." The General Office of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has issued the "Responsibility Measures for the Selection and Appointment of Party and Government Leading Cadres (Trial)". This is of great significance in preventing oversight and errors in employment, seriously handling violations of regulations and disciplines in the selection and appointment of cadres, and in-depth rectification of unhealthy practices in employment. ?6?1 To implement the principle of responsibility for the exercise of power by leading cadres, we must first establish and improve the responsibility system for various affairs, clarify direct responsibilities and leadership responsibilities, as well as specific methods of pursuing responsibility, and at the same time, pay close attention to the implementation of the responsibility system. At present, some units have the problem that the responsibility system is just a formality. When a problem occurs, only the person directly responsible is held accountable, while the leadership responsibilities of the leaders in charge are often not held accountable. This makes the responsibility system lose its due role. significance. The outline is clear. Only by grasping the "outline" of the responsibility system, grasping one level at a time, and implementing it at every level, can all work develop healthily. ?6?1 The above six principles are the basic principles of modern government governance behavior. To effectively promote effective restrictions on the exercise of the power of leading cadres, we must follow the requirements of the above six principles, check the existing deficiencies, and make targeted improvements. Only in this way can we ensure the correct operation of the public powers of public officials and reduce or avoid the occurrence of corruption