Slogan of big country granary

"A hundred miles of wind is fragrant, and spring falls in the valley." The ox was in debt because of his hard work. He was lying on the grass in the sunset. "Song? Kong's Sleeping Book

Since ancient times, China has been a country dominated by agriculture, and agricultural production began in the Neolithic Age. Although the agricultural production structure in China includes planting, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery, it has been planted for thousands of years. We feed 22% of the global population with 7% of the global land.

From the earliest Yellow River to the later Jiangnan area, the granaries in the history of China have been changing according to the economic development and terrain development, such as Sichuan, Hunan, Jiangsu, Heilongjiang, Henan and other places. Now they are all famous areas, such as Chengdu Plain, Dongting Lake Plain and Taihu Lake Plain, which are all famous land of abundance. So who is the first granary in New China?

You won't believe it. It is located in Heilongjiang in the northeast.

According to the data of "20 19 China's major grain-producing provinces", the top ten grain-producing regions in China are Heilongjiang, Henan, Shandong, Anhui, Jilin, Hebei, Jiangsu, Inner Mongolia, Sichuan and Hunan. I don't know if you have noticed one thing. These top ten grain-producing areas are basically concentrated in the northeast, along the Yangtze River and along the Yellow River.

Let's talk about the Yellow River first. Henan, Shandong, Anhui and Hebei all belong to the areas along the Yellow River. If we observe the map of China before Qin and Han Dynasties, we can find that the national center of gravity is basically distributed in this area. The Yellow River, the cradle of Chinese civilization, has always occupied an important position in planting industry with its rich water resources, vast plain terrain and suitable temperature in temperate zone.

The main crop along the Yellow River is wheat, which has always been the main local grain in China. Speaking of wheat planting, we must praise Henan. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Agriculture, the cultivated land area in Henan only accounts for 6.2% of the whole country, but it produces 10% of the domestic grain, of which the wheat production accounts for 1/4 of the whole country. It is hard to imagine that so much food actually comes from the once painful and helpless Yellow River area.

1938, in order to defend Wuhan and stop the Japanese army from going south, the Huayuankou Dam of the Yellow River was blown up with tears, and the turbid Yellow River water overflowed wantonly in the Huanghuai Plain, forming a flooded area of the Yellow River across 44 counties in Su Sansheng, Henan, Anhui and China. Countless people were displaced, which not only directly caused nearly 900,000 deaths, but also forced 6.5438+0.2 million people to leave their homes, and the Yellow River was completely diverted.

After the founding of New China, the Yellow River Flood Committee was established. With the concerted efforts of Qi Xin, the Yellow River flood has been effectively controlled. The flood of the Yellow River, which once represented suffering, has given new glory. Not only has the home been rebuilt, but also a farm with a land area of 98 square kilometers and cultivated land area of/kloc-0.02 million mu has been formed, making Henan a major grain-producing province again.

Compared with the Yellow River, the Yangtze River is undoubtedly much milder. Although the Yangtze River is not the earliest granary, the history of growing rice here is very early. Hemudu people living in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River started the road of rice cultivation as early as 7,000 years ago.

Later, due to the war in the Central Plains, the northern population began to move southward in large numbers, and the vast Yangtze River area was developed. Although the southern region is hilly, there are a large number of lakes along the Yangtze River, forming many land of abundance, such as Chengdu, the land of abundance, and Dongting Lake, where the lake is the richest in the world.

"The method of re-supporting transportation enabled people in Jiangxi, Huguang and Zhejiang to transport 2.2 million stone grain to Huai 'an warehouse. From this, it can be explained that in Qing Dynasty, the two lakes region was the main grain production base in China, and the annual allocation of "Mi Xiang" was as high as 5 million stones. For a long time, the "South-to-North Grain Transfer Project" has been the main transportation direction of domestic grain crops.

Since the Yellow River region and the Yangtze River region have such a long planting history, and they also occupy a favorable climate and place, why does Heilongjiang become the largest grain-producing province today, while Jilin, which is also located in the northeast, has a large amount of grain production? Because this "new Jiangnan" beyond the Great Wall not only has favorable weather and geographical conditions, but also occupies the convenience of people and machinery.

In everyone's inherent impression, the northeast climate is cold, and food crops that may be harvested three times a year in the south may only be harvested twice or even once a year here, but on the other hand, the high temperature difference here naturally makes some pests lose their living environment and food can thrive.

On the other hand, the land in the northeast is flat and open, and there are plenty of water resources here. Isn't the famous Sanjiang Plain the best planting environment? What's more, the soil here is good, and whoever grows the "black land" in the northeast knows.

Northeast China has always been a bitter and cold place in history, and few people thought of growing food on a large scale here. The reputation of "Great Northern Wilderness" is not nonsense; However, after the founding of New China, large-scale reclamation activities began immediately in 1950s, and the "Great Northern Wilderness" became a "Great Northern Warehouse".

Nowadays, all kinds of high technologies are used for large-scale planting here. The combination of favorable weather, favorable geographical conditions and mechanical strength makes it develop from a barren land into a fertile land where black soil blooms and oil chopsticks germinate.

Nowadays, China's grain planting is no longer dominated by wheat or rice, and various cash crops and foreign food crops have begun to take root in this land. For example, some areas that are not suitable for growing food can now increase land production by planting potatoes and corn. Now China is a big potato country, with potato production ranking first in the world, and corn has become the third largest food crop in China. Our food is more and more, and our life will be better and better!