Brief introduction of cherry related information

Brief introduction of cherry related information

Introduction to Cherry Cherry, also known as Cherry, is bright red when it is ripe, exquisite, delicate and nutritious, and can be used as medicine. It is mild in nature, sweet and slightly sour, and can tonify the middle energizer, dispel wind and overcome dampness. I sorted out the introduction of cherry below.

Cherry is also known as Ying Tao, Tao Jing, Tao, Ying Tao, Niu Tao and Zhu Ying.

Cherry belongs to deciduous fruit trees in Rosaceae. Cherry is bright red when it is ripe, beautifully carved, delicious and nutritious, and has high medical and health care value, also known as "Han Tao". The cherries cultivated as fruit trees in China include China cherry, sweet cherry, sour cherry and hairy cherry. Cherry ripens early and has the reputation of the first fruit in early spring. The sweet cherry varieties cultivated in China are mainly European and American varieties, which perform well in northern China. The large-scale cultivation of European sweet cherry in the south of China is limited because it usually takes 900- 1400 hours of low temperature below 7.2c to complete its winter dormancy. Therefore, China cherry is still the main cultivated variety in southern provinces of China. At the same time, there are few excellent cherry varieties in China, and the cultivated varieties generally show many shortcomings, such as small fruit, sour taste, fruit cracking before harvest, fruit dropping and so on.

Cherry can also be used as medicine, and it is warm, sweet and slightly sour; Enter the spleen and liver meridians. Such as: fruit (cherry); Root (cherry root); Branches (cherry branches); Leaves (cherry leaves); Fruit stone (cherry stone)

Indications: tonify the middle energizer, invigorate qi, dispel wind and overcome dampness. After treatment, the main symptoms are weakness, shortness of breath, palpitation, listlessness, anorexia, dry throat and thirst, rheumatism, lumbago and leg pain, numbness of limbs, unfavorable joint flexion and extension, chilblain and so on.

In the fruit family, the iron content is generally low, but cherries stand out: the iron content in cherries per 100 g is as high as 59 mg, ranking first among fruits; The content of vitamin A is 4 ~ 5 times more than that of grapes, apples and oranges. In addition, cherries also contain vitamins B and C and mineral elements such as calcium and phosphorus. Every100g contains 83g of water,1.4g of protein, 0.3g of fat, 8g of sugar,14.4g of carbohydrate, 66kcal calories, 0.4g of crude fiber, 0.5g of ash,18mg of calcium and/kloc-. Nicotinic acid 0.4 mg, ascorbic acid 3 mg, potassium 258 mg, sodium 0.7 mg, magnesium 10.6 mg, and rich in vitamin a.

Information about cherry 2 Cherry (scientific name: Sakura. ) is a general term for several plants of Rosaceae and Sakura. There are only four kinds of cherries cultivated in the world, namely cherries. European sweet cherry. ), European sour cherry (European cherry. ) and hairy cherry (hairy cherry) wall. ). Among them, cherry, European sweet cherry and European sour cherry play an important role in production. Trees or shrubs, 2-25m high, with grayish white or dark brown bark. Branchlets grayish brown or grayish brown, shoots green, glabrous or puberulent. Winter buds are oval and oval, hairless. Leaf blade ovate, elliptic or oblong-ovate, apex acute or shortly acuminate, base rounded or cuneate. Inflorescence is umbrella-shaped, with 3-4 flowers, leaves and leaves open together; Pedicel 0.8-3.4 cm long, sparse or glabrous; Sepals triangular-ovoid or ovoid-oblong, apex obtuse or acute; Petals white or pink, obovate. Drupe is nearly spherical or ovoid, red to purple-black, with a diameter of 0.9-2.5 cm. The flowering period is from March to May, and the fruiting period is from May to September.

Mainly distributed in Europe, Asia and North America. Born in hillside forests, forest margins, bushes or grasslands. The neutral environment suitable for soil pH 6.5-7.5 grows well on sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose soil and good ventilation.

Cherry has a long history of cultivation in China, and there are many varieties, which can not only be eaten, but also be used to brew cherry wine. Branches, leaves, roots and flowers can also be used as medicine. Besides fresh food, it can also be processed into cherry sauce, cherry juice, canned cherry, preserved fruit, wine and so on. The color is red and the almond-like aroma is intoxicating. Cherry is also a good ingredient in dishes.

history

The name of cherry was first published in Wupu Materia Medica and Yunan Materia Medica: "Cherry can be seen everywhere today, while cherries in Luo Zhong and Du Nan are the most prosperous. In fact, when it matured, it was called Zhu Ying, and those in the Yellow Dynasty were called La Cherry ... Its wood was muddy, and it was the first to mature, so it was more expensive in ancient times. " Compendium of Materia Medica states: "It is as smart as pearls, so it is called cherry." ... cherry trees are not very tall, with white flowers in early spring, which are as rich as frost. Leaves have sharp and thin teeth. There are dozens of glumes on a branch, which must be guarded when it matures in March. "

Cherry, the ancient name of cherry, is said to be because orioles like to peck, also known as cold peach. Cherry is shaped like a peach and round like a pearl, so it is usually called "cherry".

Brief introduction of three major values of cherry

Medicinal: sweet in taste and warm in nature. Non-toxic, nourishing blood and kidney. Indications: diarrhea due to spleen deficiency, nocturnal emission due to kidney deficiency, lumbago and leg pain, numbness and paralysis of limbs.

Edible: Cherry is a fresh fruit with good color, fragrance, taste and shape. Besides being eaten fresh, it can also be processed into cherry sauce, cherry juice, canned cherry, preserved fruit, wine and so on. It has a brilliant red color and almond-like aroma, which makes people intoxicated. Cherry is also a good ingredient in dishes.

Ornamental: The cherry tree is beautiful in appearance, civilized in early spring, lush as snow, fragrant as honey, green in leaves, bright as agate, exquisite and lovely, with early flowering, large flowers and many fruits. When the fruit is ripe, it is red and green, very beautiful. At the same time, it has the functions of smoking prevention, dust adsorption and air purification. It is an excellent economic tree species for gardens, courtyard greening and agricultural tourism economy.

Economy: Cherry belongs to the earliest mature fruit among deciduous fruit trees and is known as "the first branch of spring fruit". Strong adaptability, easy cultivation and management, short fruit development period, basically no pesticides in fruit development period, and it is a veritable green product. Its management labor force is less and its production cost is relatively low. In addition, when fruit is in the off-season, the price of fruit is 5- 10 times that of other fruits.

principal item

Eagle Purple Sweet Cherry: Also known as Eagle Mouth, produced in Taihe, Anhui, China. The trees are tall and vigorous; The fruit is large, oval and has a sharp mouth at the top; The fruit stalk is slender, the peel is thick, and it is easy to separate from the pulp. The ripe fruit is purplish red with bright color. The pulp is yellow and white, the juice is sweet and the quality is excellent. Mature in early May, suitable for fresh food. Another variety, Eryingzui, has small, irregular oval fruit, sharp tip, yellow-white pulp, sweet juice and high quality.

Golden Cherry: Also known as Big Ben, it is produced in Taihe, Anhui, China. The fruit is spherical or heart-shaped, the top is flat or slightly pointed, the skin is golden red, the meat is thick and dense, and the taste is sweet, which is most suitable for making candied fruit. The finished product is bright, transparent and beautiful. It is an excellent variety processed at present and will mature in mid-May.

Cherry with drooping silk: produced in Nanjing, China, it is one of the local excellent varieties. The tree is vigorous, the fruit is big, the average fruit weight is 2. 14g, the juice is sweet and the meat is tender. The fruit has bright color, early maturity and high yield. The causal stalk of this variety is slender and drooping, so it is called drooping silk, and its quality is excellent. Due to the early flowering period, it is easy to suffer from frost.

Dong Tang Cherry: Produced in Nanjing, China. This tree is tall, with upright branches and dense leaves. The fruit is round, bright in color, slightly inferior to drooping cherry in quality, high in yield, not cold-tolerant, and ripe in early May. This variety is the most widely planted in the suburbs of Nanjing.

Silver Pearl Cherry: produced in Nanjing, China. Small trees, twigs and leaves. The fruit is reddish, so it is called silver beads. The fruit is conical with high yield, but the fruit is small and of poor quality, and it ripens in early May. Although the quality of this variety is poor, it is not easy to be frozen because of its late flowering period, small plants, convenient management and many local cultivators.

Short-stemmed cherry: produced in Zhuji, Zhejiang, China. The fruit is large, oblate, weighing 3. 13g, with delicate and juicy pulp, moderate sweetness and sourness and good quality. It is one of the best fresh foods among China cherries. Because of its thin skin, it is not resistant to storage and transportation. The fruit stems are short, thick and straight, hence the name short-stemmed cherry, which ripens in late April.

Taishan Cherry: Produced in Taishan Mountain, Shandong Province, China. The fruit is big and heart-shaped; The skin is red, the flesh is orange, and the sweetness and sourness are moderate. High yield, drought resistance, mature in early May.

Large fruit with short handle: produced in Laiyang, Shandong Province. The fruit is large, flat and heart-shaped, deep red in color and prominent at the top; The fruit stalk is short, medium in quality, and ripe in mid-May.

Dawolou Leaf: It is produced in Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province, China, and is an excellent local variety. The fruit is large, with an average single fruit weight of 2-2.5g, round or oblate, dark purple and shiny; The peel is thick, the flesh is yellowish and reddish, the juice is rich, the meat is dense, the nuts fall off, the taste is sweet and the quality is excellent. Mature in early May. This variety grows vigorously and stands upright, mainly bearing bouquets and short fruit branches. It can bear fruit after 2-3 years of ramet propagation, and it will enter the full fruit stage in 6-7 years, and the yield per plant is about 50 kg. Like slightly acidic sandy loam, it grows poorly on cohesive or alkaline soil and has low yield.

Xiaowolou leaf: also known as pointed leaf cherry and lobular cherry, produced in Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province, is one of the main local varieties. The fruit is medium-sized, with an average single fruit weight of1.5g. The fruit is spherical, purple-red, shiny, with thin skin, yellow flesh, little juice, sweet taste and detachment. Mature in early May. The tree is weak, the branches are open, the middle branches bear fruit, and the fruit is easy to move out. Pay attention to the timely retraction when pruning. Fruiting begins in 2-3 years after plant division, and enters full fruiting period in 6-7 years. The yield per adult tree is about 50 kg, which is relatively high. Strong adaptability, drought resistance and barren resistance.

Tengxian Dahong Sakura: Produced in Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province, China, it is the main local variety. The fruit is medium-sized, with an average single fruit weight of1.5g. When it is ripe, it is orange-red, shiny, with orange-yellow pulp, rich juice, sweet and slightly sour, aromatic, sticky or semi-sticky, and good quality. This tree is strong and half open. Strong germination. Generally speaking, all buds can germinate into branches except 1-2 buds at the base of branches. Therefore, the crown is dense, the germination ability of latent buds is weak, and the cavity is easy to be empty. Pay attention to thinning branches and retract and update them in time. It begins to bear fruit 2-3 years after branching, with high yield. The yield of 50-year-old trees is about 100 kg.

Laoshan short-stemmed red cherry: produced in Beizhai and Xiage, Laoshan County, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, China, it is the main local variety. The fruit is large, with an average weight of 2 grams per fruit. The fruit is nearly spherical and the tip of the fruit is not obvious. The fruit is dark red when it is ripe and purple when it is fully ripe. The fruit stalk is short and thick, and the peel is easy to peel; The flesh is yellow, juicy, sticky, sweet and of good quality. It matures in mid-May, and the maturity is inconsistent, so it needs to be harvested in batches. This tree is strong and half open. Strong germination and medium branching ability. It mainly bears medium and short fruit branches, is barren and drought-resistant, and is suitable for slope cultivation in mountainous areas.

Zhucheng Yellow Cherry: Also known as Sakura Yellow, it is produced in Zhucheng, Wulian and Rizhao in China. According to local reports, it has been cultivated for more than 300 years and is the main local variety. The fruit is large, with an average single fruit weight of 2.5 grams. The fruit is spherical, orange, sunny, shiny, beautiful in appearance, red and yellow in flesh, rich in juice, moderate in sweetness and sourness, good in flavor and good in quality. The peel is thick, the pulp is elastic and resistant to storage and transportation. It ripens in the first half of May and is an excellent variety for fresh food. The tree is medium in potential, half-opened, bearing fruit in 3-4 years after branching, and entering the full fruit period in 8- 10, with high yield. The yield per plant of mature trees is 20-40 kg, which likes deep soil, requires high fertilizer and water conditions and has poor drought resistance.

Laiyang dwarf cherry: an excellent dwarf China cherry variety found in Laiyang, Shandong, China, was named "dwarf cherry" in 199 1. This variety matured in Laiyang, Shandong Province in late May, and the dwarf cherry has good yield, short and thick branches and compact tree shape, which is suitable for dwarf and close planting. Early fruiting and easy early high yield; The fruit is regular in shape, large (1.73g), bright in appearance, rich in juice, not sweet, good in quality and high in economic benefit. Strong adaptability and stress resistance, easy to cultivate and manage, deeply welcomed by producers and consumers.

Feixian Yellow Cherry: produced in Feixian, Linyi, Junan, Yishui and other places in China. The fruit is yellow or orange, with a blush on the sunny side. The fruit is medium and large, with an average single fruit weight of1.5g. The fruit is peach-shaped or wide-heart-shaped, with a straight tip protruding, extremely thin peel, yellow flesh, juicy, sweet and slightly sour taste, and the stone falls off, with medium quality. Mature in late May, extremely resistant to storage and transportation.