The era of "Wumeng majestically walks the mud pill"

It's about the Red Army crossing Mount Wumeng.

1in late March, 936, the Red Second and Sixth Army Corps received telegrams from Zhu De, Commander-in-Chief of the Red Army, and Zhang, General Political Commissar, asking them to meet the Red Fourth Army in Xikang and "March northward". After research, Ren, He Long and other leaders thought that the Northern Conference could better meet the requirements of the overall situation of the national revolutionary struggle, and immediately decided to give up the intention of establishing a base area in the south of the Yangtze River.

In order to successfully cross the Jinsha River in the north, Ren, He Long and others decided to fly directly to eastern Yunnan. Long Yun, the "King of Yunnan", refused to let the Kuomintang Central Army go deep into Yunnan because he lost the lesson of Guizhou warlord Wang Jialie when Chiang Kai-shek pursued the Central Red Army last year. The Red Army approached the suburbs of Kunming in a hurry, and the signal flares fired at night lit up the city walls. Many officials and gentry in the city screamed in horror that "Heaven will destroy me". Long Yun quickly transferred the main force of Yunnan Army to Kunming for protection, and ordered all students in the military sub-district to guard the city wall. The Red Second and Sixth Army Corps successfully transferred the enemy and immediately turned to Jinsha River in northwest Yunnan. After four days and three nights of uninterrupted ferry, the whole army 1.8 million people crossed the natural barrier calmly. When the Sun Du column of the Yunnan Army rushed to Shigu Town by the river, all he saw was the slogan left on the wall-"Scare the Sichuan Army, drag the Yunnan Army to death, grieve the Central Army, and the hero is the Red Army."

It was difficult to climb the snow-capped mountains, but the most dangerous situation appeared after meeting with the fourth army

After crossing the Jinsha River, the Red Army Corps and the Sixth Army Corps cast off hundreds of thousands of enemy troops, but entered the sparsely populated eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. At that time, the troops had no cotton-padded clothes and lacked experience in marching on snowy mountains. When climbing the cold and oxygen-deficient snow-capped mountains, the officers and men had to open their backpacks, and everyone wrapped the quilt around them to keep warm. After a long journey of more than a month, the Red Second and Sixth Army Corps arrived in Ganzi in early July to join forces with the Red Fourth Army.

In this difficult March, it is extremely difficult to raise food. The number of troops decreased due to lack of food, and they also made great sacrifices when crossing the snow-capped mountains. According to the summary written by Gan Siqi, director of the Political Department of the Red Sixth Army Corps, "We passed a big snow mountain on our way to Zhongdian. It was not clear in advance ... As a result, nearly 100 people died when we stopped to have a rest and eat snow water on the snow mountain." When the Sixth Division of the Red Army crossed Laoze Gorge, it snowed all night. When the number of people was counted the next day, it was found that1more than 40 cadres and soldiers died. However, when the Red Second and Sixth Army Corps arrived in Ganzi, they still retained1.4000.

When joining forces in Ganzi, the Red Second and Sixth Army Corps and the 32nd Army originally in the Fourth Army (the Ninth Army of the First Army) formed the Second Army, with He Long as the commander-in-chief, political commissar, deputy political commissar and Xiao Ke as the deputy commander-in-chief. After the establishment of the Second Army, the leaders patiently persuaded Zhang Jin and fought appropriately, which finally enabled the Second Army and the Fourth Army to keep pace with the North. After a month's hard March, the troops crossed the vast grassland into Gannan in early September and took control of eight counties, ready to form a north-south echo with the Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet area.

At this time, Zhang did not implement the central government's westward decree, and the Kuomintang Central Army seized the opportunity to surround the isolated Red Second Army. He Long later said that the most dangerous situation happened during the Long March. After the heroic struggle of the commanders and fighters, the Second Army lost more than 2,000 people and robbed Xi 'an Anlan Highway. In late June of 65438+10, Jiangtaibao joined forces with the Red Army near the border of Ningxia, Gansu. When the Red Second Front Army arrived in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Soviet Area, it still retained 1. 1 10,000 people.

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Flexible Long March will not "lose money"

1 1 month later, the Red Army Corps and the Sixth Army Corps set out from Sangzhi, Hunan Province, arrived in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region and marched in Wan Li. However, before the Long March, the Hongliu Corps also undertook the task of opening the way for the Long March of the Central Red Army, and it took 5,000 miles to meet with the Second Corps.

During the Long March, the Red Army Corps and the Sixth Army Corps made a leap forward, then took a break and turned around flexibly. There were a large number of troops on the way. Because the chasing Kuomintang army is not the main force, and the contradiction between the enemy and ourselves intensifies, the Red Second Army always reduces its staff on the way to the Long March. When meeting Ren and He Long, he praised: "The Second and Sixth Legions are wandering around Mount Wumen, not to mention the enemy. Even we were turned around by you, so we turned out! " "Second, sixth army for Joe, is not a disadvantage. You are ten thousand people, and you are still ten thousand people. There is no loss. This is a great miracle and a great experience. It is necessary to sum up and learn from everyone. " The military report made at the Seventh Party Congress in Yan 'an also praised the Long March of the Red Second Front Army.

Wumeng mountain circuitous war

Wumeng Mountain is located in the northwest of Guizhou and the northeast of Yunnan, where the mountains are undulating, the valleys are steep, the roads are rugged and sparsely populated. 1936 At the end of February, the Red Second and Sixth Army Corps entered wumeng mountain during the rainy season. The cold wind is blowing and the roads are muddy, making marching more difficult.

At this point, the "pursuit" troops with Gu as the commander-in-chief followed, pursuing with 10 division. On March 4th, the Red Army marched westward to Magu area, and was originally scheduled to enter the south and north Panjiang areas. However, due to the heavy encirclement of the enemy, He Long and other leaders of the Red Army Corps made decisive decisions, and the troops quickly moved to Kuixiang and Yiliang. This action of the Red Army gave the enemy an illusion that the intention of the Red Army was to cross the Jinsha River from Yanjin to the north and stop it by surprise along the river. On March 8, two divisions of the Red Army set up a 50-mile ambush to attack the enemy and killed two leading companies. The enemy quickly contracted its troops, built fortifications and fortified on the spot. The Red Army quickly withdrew from the battlefield and returned to Kuixiang area. Subsequently, the Red Army marched into the southwest mountainous area.

After the Red Army moved to the mountainous area with bad conditions, Gu arrogantly thought that the Red Army was exhausted and desperate, and wanted to take this opportunity to annihilate the Red Army in the mountains. He urged the column to March on Zhenxiong and cut off the Red Army's road to Anshun. In order to open the road to the south, on June 5438+02, the Red Army ambushed Dezhangba in the southwest of Zhenxiong, killing more than 200 people in 10,000 columns and almost taking the enemy commander alive. However, due to the rapid reinforcement of the enemy's three-way column, the main intersection was blocked and the Red Army was trapped in a narrow area of 30 miles. At this critical juncture, He Long and others, after careful reconnaissance, decided to adopt the tactics of suspected soldiers, arranged grass men in front of the positions, and planted red flags in the bushes to make the enemy think that the main force of the Red Army was still in this area. Then, decisively from the enemy Guo Rudong, Fan Yufu interspersed between the two columns, around the outside of the enemy column, the third time into the Kuixiang area. Two days after the Red Army broke through, the enemy occupied the positions left by the Red Second and Red Sixth Army Corps, only to know that they had been trapped in an empty city.

After the tight encirclement, the Red Second and Red Sixth Legions immediately went south. On March 23, the snipers of two brigades of Yunnan Army were repelled in Laibinbao area north of Xuanwei. On the 28th, the Red Army occupied Panxian County in southwest Guizhou. At this point, the victory of Wumeng Mountain Island ended. After the three armies joined forces, when Mao Zedong met with some leaders of the Red Second and Fourth Army, he said happily: "The Second and Sixth Army are wandering around Wumeng Mountain, not to mention the enemy. Even we have been changed by you. I just found out! "