How to take notes in class is the most effective?

Huang Changming, Experimental Middle School, Linshu County, Shandong Province

As a student, taking class notes is accompanied by the whole process of learning. It can help us sort out the ideas of listening to lectures, grasp the key points of listening to lectures, and provide convenience for future review. More importantly, it allows us to concentrate on our studies and deeply understand what the teacher says, thus improving our learning efficiency. However, some students often pay attention to one thing, taking notes, which affects their study. How to take notes in class? Here are some suggestions for students:

First, do a good job of previewing before taking notes.

Preview before class is very important for taking class notes. Because it is not easy for everyone to distinguish the key points, difficulties, knowledge networks and thinking methods only through the time of class, let alone write them down quickly. Through preview, you can have a general understanding of the knowledge network and the important and difficult points, especially where there are still doubts. We can master some knowledge first and form the framework of class notes, so that we can give full play to our initiative in class and effectively solve the contradiction between "listening" and "taking notes".

Second, take notes to grasp the opportunity, that is, when to take notes.

Generally speaking, class should focus on listening and thinking, and the premise of taking notes is that it cannot affect listening and thinking, which requires students to grasp the opportunity when taking notes. There are three opportunities to take notes: one is that when the teacher writes on the blackboard, he should seize the time to grab notes; Second, when the teacher teaches key content, he should take time to take shorthand and take notes; Third, take time to make up your notes as soon as possible after class.

Third, where should the notes be kept?

Generally speaking, according to the actual situation, it can be recorded in textbooks, study plans or special notebooks. But in most cases, it's both sides.

(1) You can choose the following methods to take notes in textbooks.

1. symbol comments. It is to mark the book, indicate the key points, ask questions and attract attention. Students can choose some familiar symbols, such as "_ _" or "! ! ! "use"? " To express key words. Express doubt, etc. Of course, you can also use pens with different colors to mark different contents, such as red to mark key points and black to indicate questions. It is not easy to have too many kinds of symbols when remembering symbols. It is best to read through all the contents before taking notes, and have a certain grasp of the difficulties and key points, so as to be accurate.

2. Notes. It is to write down the main points, questions or supplements of a part in the blank space of the book. Such as the understanding of mathematical definitions, theorems and formulas, and the generalization of solutions to some problems. Taking notes on comment on writing should refer to the teacher's blackboard writing or explanation, be selective, concise and clear.

(B) the method of taking notes in the notebook

First of all, the notebooks of each subject should be separated. Some students take notes casually, using this today and that tomorrow; Today's notebook, tomorrow's notebook, and even a notebook, there are various subjects such as Chinese, mathematics and English. Finally, the notes are in a mess, and when reviewing, I look around, which affects the learning efficiency. Therefore, you should choose a thick and hard notebook and keep it well for review. The ideal note should have a good format. The right side is used for taking notes, and the left side is used for reminding noteworthy places and emphasizing key points.

Secondly, the paper used for class notes should leave a certain blank on each page, and don't write a full page. It is suggested that one page of notes be divided into two parts in vertical line format. The left side accounts for 1/3, and the right side accounts for 2/3. Record what the teacher said in a larger column, and record your own thoughts and problems. In smaller columns. There should be a corresponding relationship between the two columns, that is, what the teacher said and what he thought in the same chapter should be in one line to facilitate review.

Fourth, note-taking should pay attention to the content, that is, what to remember.

Note-taking should pay attention to two tendencies: one is to remember everything like a stenographer; Second, like watching a movie, I don't remember anything. The contents of the notes generally have the following aspects.

1. Key points and difficulties. In preparing for the exam, we should believe that the teacher is experienced, pay attention to the knowledge points repeatedly emphasized by the teacher, and be sure to remember them well, completely and accurately. Usually, the knowledge points emphasized by teachers often appear in the form of keywords and clues. Key words refer to the content of the lecture. Words with important status can be used as triggers for memory. Clue sentences are sentences used by the lecturer to prompt the important information that will appear soon, such as "the following aspects are very important", "the main conclusion is" and "the main question to be tested in the exam is". After hearing such a statement, students should pay attention to recording the key contents that the teacher is going to talk about.

The difficulties we find in previewing or doing problems are our difficulties, so we should pay full attention to them. For these, we should not only write down the knowledge points, but also write down relevant examples and typical cases.

2. Write down what is easy to make mistakes, what is confusing, what is unclear and what is ambiguous, especially if you still don't understand after the teacher explains, and then you can ask the teacher or classmates to answer your questions after class. You can take a notebook and a pen and ask the teacher or classmates to write down the main points, example sentences or typical cases directly in the notebook, or you can write them down while listening to the explanation. This is something that many students have never tried. You might as well try.

Remember what is not in the book, the teacher added it. These contents are often important test sites, and you may gain an advantage by writing this knowledge down. If you have to use a large paragraph in the book, you can indicate it in the form of "see pages * * to * * of this book". If there is anything written down, leave a space for you to make up after class.

4. Focus on different courses and teaching contents. For example, when explaining concepts or formulas, we mainly remember the background, examples, analysis ideas, key reasoning steps, important conclusions, matters needing attention, etc. Review, focusing on problem-solving strategies (such as examination methods, thinking analysis, etc. ) and analyze typical mistakes and their causes, summarize the thinking process and reveal the law of solving problems.

Remember the outline, diagram and solution listed by the teacher on the blackboard. If the outline is basically the same as the book, you don't have to remember it, just sketch it out in the book; If it is different from the book, the teacher will rearrange the content of this lesson, and this outline should be written down completely as a reference for his review and summary.

You don't need to write down the following:

(1) Secondary knowledge; 2 content that can be understood at a glance; (3) Some knowledge in books.

5. Take notes and sort them out after class.

Due to the limitation of class time, what the teacher said may have been somewhat omitted at that time, and the writing may have been scribbled. Therefore, when taking notes, don't fill up your notebook, but leave room. In this way, you should sort out, summarize and supplement your notes in time after class, which can not only improve the efficiency of listening to lectures, but also make your notes neat and orderly. It is also a good way to review after class, which will make our review more targeted and thus get twice the result with half the effort. In addition, we should contact knowledge horizontally before the exam to systematize knowledge.

Vi. Matters needing attention in taking notes

1. Pencils, ballpoint pens and pens are all acceptable, but in comparison, ballpoint pens are better, which not only lasts a long time, but also writes smoothly and quickly.

2. Improve the writing speed. Lecture notes are limited to lectures to be completed within a certain period of time, so participants should coordinate with the lecturers in thinking speed and writing speed. If the writing speed is too slow, it is inevitable that you can't keep up with the progress of the lecture, and your notes are incomplete or unorganized, which will affect the quality of your notes. Learn some ways to speed up your notes. You don't have to write every word horizontally and vertically neatly, you can scribble quickly; You can simplify some words and phrases and establish a set of writing symbols suitable for you. But be careful not to paint too much, so you won't understand what you remember.

3. Keep calm when the notes are omitted. Don't worry if you don't write anything in class. Don't dwell on the missed notes, which will affect the content behind. You can leave some space in your notebook, ask your teacher or classmates for help after class, and make up the missing notes as soon as possible. You don't have to blindly pursue unnecessary details of class notes, but concentrate on taking notes, so that you often ask the students around you that you can't see a word or sentence on the blackboard clearly. This not only loses the significance of taking notes, but also puts the cart before the horse in class. We should correct this bad habit.

4. The combination of listening and recording, mainly listening, supplemented by recording. Some students are used to the study of "the teacher speaks, remembers by himself, reviews by heart and imitates the exam". After a class, their notes often take several pages and become teaching records. These students rely too much on notes and ignore thinking, thinking that it doesn't matter if the teacher doesn't understand, as long as they read the notes carefully after class. As everyone knows, this often ignores some wonderful analysis of teachers, which makes their understanding of knowledge superficial, increases the learning burden, reduces the learning efficiency, and easily forms a vicious circle.

Never copy other people's notes. Some students are lazy. They don't want to take notes in class, so they copy other people's notes after class. This is a very bad habit, which is not conducive to training your comprehensive induction ability. Only taking notes by yourself will have learning effect and significance.

6. Forever is always new. Unfortunately, some students' notebooks, like overdue periodicals, have been abandoned for a long time and have not played their due role. In fact, one of the experiences of many junior (high school) students is to make notes into personal "study files", the most important review materials. Because good notes are the enrichment, supplement and deepening of textbook knowledge, and the display and refinement of thinking process. Rational use of notes can save time, highlight key points and improve efficiency. Of course, it is also necessary to regularly arrange supplementary notes in stages and establish a personalized learning material system. For example, you can establish a "set of wrong questions" by classification, sort out the mistakes in each exercise and exam, and analyze them; You can also organize your notes into categories such as "clever questions and clever solutions", "method comments" and "error-prone questions". If we persist in this way and constantly expand our achievements, we can overcome the "blind spot" and get out of the "misunderstanding". In the tense comprehensive review stage, we will be relaxed and orderly, and we can spare more energy and time to systematize and informatize what we have learned.

To sum up, taking notes in class should be done by listening, watching, thinking and manually. On the premise of understanding, the obtained knowledge information goes through the process of "selection-processing-induction-concentration-feedback" through brain thinking, and then it is recorded emphatically by hand. There are various methods of recording, and you can gradually find out the method that suits you in your study, so as to promote your study and improve your learning effect.