What is the significance of China's social security system? Which three systems are included? What benefits do you think the social employment security system has for yourself and your family?

Social security system is a social security system that the state guarantees the basic material life of all citizens in accordance with certain laws and regulations, relying on social security funds.

China's social security system mainly includes three systems: new rural cooperative medical care, rural social endowment insurance and farmers' minimum living guarantee.

Social security system is an important symbol of a country's social welfare development, an important guarantee to protect citizens' basic living conditions and rights, and an important guarantee to maintain social stability.

At present, China's social security system can be generally divided into two categories: social insurance and social relief.

Social insurance mainly includes pension insurance system, unemployment insurance system, medical insurance system, industrial injury insurance system and maternity insurance system.

social relief mainly includes the minimum living security system for urban residents and the five guarantees system in rural areas (referring to the life care and material assistance given in food, clothing, housing, medical care and burial).

in addition, the system of special care and placement for servicemen, the system of protection for the disabled and minors, the system of wages and working hours, and the urban housing system also belong to the broad social security system.

Social security is an important foundation for building a harmonious society

Without social security, it is impossible to build a harmonious society. The social security system is of fundamental significance to the construction of a harmonious society.

first, social security can effectively prevent and deal with social risks. Due to the imperfect distribution structure of social resources, the risk of market economy, the difference of family's "genetic" advantages and disadvantages, and the difference of individual ability, social members will inevitably encounter various risks in survival and development. Therefore, it is necessary for society to ensure that every member of society has a reasonable basic living standard through social assistance, social endowment insurance, medical insurance, maternity insurance, work injury insurance, unemployment insurance, social welfare and social preferential treatment, so as to effectively cope with social risks.

second, social security can effectively enhance social unity and cooperation. As individuals, people cannot survive and develop. Only in social cooperation can people survive and develop. Every member of society should bear certain responsibilities to society. Similarly, society has an unshirkable responsibility and obligation to every member of society, especially to those members in a difficult state to give them necessary help so that they can enjoy the benefits brought by social development. If this is done, it will help to reduce the gap between social members and social groups, eliminate the centrifugal factors of society to the maximum extent, enhance people's universal recognition of society, and form an atmosphere of mutual trust among social groups and members, thus enhancing the degree of mutual cooperation and interdependence of society and enhancing social integration.

Third, social security can effectively stimulate social vitality. For a society, how to develop the potential of social members will directly affect the driving force for the sustainable development of this society, and also affect the overall quality of this social development. Marx and Engels believe that the most important goal of social development is to make every member of society get free and all-round development. Members of society can obtain the most basic development ability through necessary compulsory education and vocational training; Through social security, all kinds of worries of social members can be eliminated. In this way, these social members can have normal development ability, at least improve their development ability, and make their development potential widely developed.

fourthly, social security can effectively guarantee the basic level of future survival and development of social members. Social security is not only of current significance, but also of long-term significance. In a sense, social security is a kind of system preparation and arrangement in advance. It can not only effectively solve the current difficulties of disadvantaged social members, but also effectively enhance the ability of social members to solve future difficulties. Therefore, social security is of great significance to maintain and promote long-term social harmony.

putting social security and employment in the important position of the government's public service supply

At present, one of the main contradictions in China's economic and social development is the contradiction between the comprehensive and rapid growth of public demand and the serious shortage of public products. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, employment continues to be in a state of high pressure, social security is not perfect, urban and rural development and regional development are unbalanced, the income distribution gap is widening, the infrastructure of social undertakings is weak, the education popularization and the education level of the labor force are low, the public health system is not perfect, especially the rural grassroots medical and health foundation is weak, the spiritual and cultural life is not rich enough, and cultural and sports facilities are very scarce. In addition, the distribution of public service products in China is seriously unbalanced. In other words, when the total amount of public services is insufficient, there is also an imbalance in the distribution of public services. The existence of these problems is not conducive to the basic needs of different groups to enjoy public services such as education, health and culture, to balance the interests of different groups, and to the realization of social fairness and justice.

promoting employment and improving social security are public services that the government should provide, and it is an important duty of the government. During the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, the prominent contradiction reflected in employment is that the demand for full employment of workers is not compatible with the supply of jobs, and the quality of workers is not compatible with the adjustment of economic structure. The contradiction between the total supply and demand of labor force and the structural contradiction of employment coexist, the pressure of urban employment increases and the transfer of surplus rural labor force to non-agricultural fields accelerates, and the employment of newly increased labor force and the re-employment of unemployed people are intertwined. Take the public health service as an example. Because the rural health service capacity and service level are relatively low, the medical security system is not perfect, and the burden of medical expenses exceeds the economic affordability of ordinary rural residents, which affects the utilization of health services by rural residents, and some rural residents fall into a vicious circle of "being trapped by illness" and "returning to poverty due to illness". In the later period of the Tenth Five-Year Plan, the pilot work of establishing a new rural cooperative medical system was carried out. However, because the pilot has just started, the coverage rate is not high and the level of security is limited, the basic medical security problem for farmers has not been fundamentally solved. The demand for health services of urban residents is also growing rapidly, and the requirements for medical services are getting higher and higher. Statistics show that only 15% of the total population in China enjoy medical and health security, and the treatment standards they enjoy are different and vary greatly.

the key to solve the problems of lagging development of public services, insufficient total supply, shortage of public investment and unbalanced distribution is to solve the problem of government's absence in the field of social public services. Innovating the government management concept and perfecting the public resource management system are the key to improve the government's public service function and ability, and also the central link to promote employment and improve social security during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period.

Perfecting the housing security system is the key to alleviate the housing contradiction

The housing security system is a concept with a wide range. Broadly speaking, "homestead" and "welfare housing distribution" are both concrete forms of housing security system. They are systems that guarantee "everyone has a house to live in" at a low level of productivity. Relying on the market to allocate housing resources does not mean that everyone can only rely on their own income to buy a house to live in, nor does it mean that everyone can only rely on market competition and independent decentralized decision-making to obtain housing. Under the condition of market economy, in order to ensure that everyone has a house to live in, the government should implement some special policies and measures to help groups that rely solely on the market to solve housing difficulties. The general term of this policy system is called the housing security system. The housing security system, unemployment security, old-age security and medical security are all components of the social security system. From the actual situation in China, the housing security system includes four basic aspects.

first, the housing accumulation fund system. This system includes employers and employees paying together, exempting individual income tax from the provident fund, using provident fund loans to purchase houses in addition to the accumulated part of personal accounts, and implementing preferential interest rates on provident fund loans.

second, the semi-market security system for low-income groups. The affordable housing built by the government through reducing land transfer fees or providing land subsidies and reducing taxes and fees is the embodiment of this system. Affordable housing is a kind of "policy housing", which should be limited in grade, area and income level of buyers. In the perfect affordable housing system, the government should make mandatory provisions on the percentage of affordable housing that must be included in the annual housing construction area.

third, the non-market-oriented guarantee mode for the disadvantaged groups. After all, affordable housing still allows buyers to "buy". For some difficult groups who can't even afford affordable housing, a government discount system can be established. For example, when families with per capita income below a certain level buy affordable housing, the government subsidizes the loan interest. For the people who can't afford the discount, the government can provide low-rent housing.

fourth, the relief methods for the poor groups. Finally, there are a few poor groups who can't even afford the rent of low-rent housing. This requires a system to guarantee their basic housing needs. The specific way is to provide rent subsidies to poor families by the government.

the above four aspects are only about general housing security. China is a big country with unbalanced development. Starting from the specific national conditions, the housing security system also needs special policies aimed at particularity issues. For example, how to solve their housing problems in the process of transferring a large number of rural surplus labor to cities and towns; In the process of urbanization, demolition has caused some low-income groups to live far away from the core urban areas, and "have a house but can't afford a car"; The problem of "village in city" in the urban-rural fringe; Old industrial bases and other areas where the social unemployment rate is high and the speed of housing improvement is obviously lagging behind. These problems are all aspects that urgently need our in-depth study and improvement as soon as possible. It is necessary to emphasize that as a country with a large population and limited resources, China's housing security system can only aim at "low level and wide coverage" for a long time.

In addition, even if our social affluence is improved, policies cannot encourage extravagant housing consumption. Saving resources is a public interest. This public interest includes the interests of the sustainable development of the national economy, including the interests of all members of society, including the interests of our future generations.