What is a nuclear safety culture?

In 1988, the international safety advisory group regards the concept of safety culture as a management principle in the Basic Principles of Nuclear Power Safety, requiring that "all activities aimed at nuclear power plants must be infiltrated to achieve safety objectives". 199 1 year, the international security consulting group published the book Safety Culture, which profoundly summarized the concept of safety culture. Basic Significance Due to the lessons of Three Mile Island and Chernobyl nuclear accidents, people realize that no matter how advanced the system is (strict examination and approval, defense in depth, multiple physical barriers and multiple safety systems), once people make direct or indirect mistakes, some equipment will break down, leading to serious nuclear accidents. At the same time, human intelligence is very effective in finding and eliminating potential problems and has a positive impact on security. The proposal of safety culture provides a possible way to solve the problem of human factors. The basic definition is the synthesis of various characteristics and attitudes existing in units and individuals, which establishes the concept of transcending everything, that is, the safety of nuclear power plants is paid due attention to because of its importance. It refers to the dedication and sense of responsibility of all staff engaged in any activities related to nuclear safety of nuclear power plants. Basic meaning A. Nuclear safety culture links everyone's work attitude and thinking habits with the work style of the unit. Safety culture is not only a problem of system (related to the unit), but also a problem of attitude (related to the individual). At the same time, it also involves the correct understanding ability and correct action that all nuclear safety issues should have. B. As a basic requirement, we should find specific ways to test the concrete embodiment of each person's personal qualities such as work attitude and thinking habits. C it is required to perform all important safety duties with high vigilance, real-time insight, rich knowledge, accurate judgment and high sense of responsibility. INSAG believes that nuclear safety culture has two main parts in terms of its performance, one is the work system of the unit, and the other is the attitude and reaction of the individual. Although the concepts of work style and work attitude are abstract in general, they can indeed lead to various concrete expressions and can be used to test those implicit concepts. INSAG also believes that it is not enough to mechanically implement perfect procedures and good working methods. Therefore, it advocates safety culture and requires that all duties important to safety must be correctly performed, with high vigilance, due reasoning ability, rich knowledge, correct judgment and high sense of responsibility. It can be seen that the essence of nuclear safety culture is to establish a set of scientific and strict rules and regulations and organizational system, cultivate the awareness of obeying rules and disciplines and good work habits of all employees, and create an atmosphere in which everyone consciously pays attention to safety in the whole manufacturing plant. Work attitude and thinking habits, as well as the work style of the unit are often abstract, but these qualities can lead to various concrete manifestations. As a basic requirement, it is to find various ways to test those hidden things with concrete performance. Safety culture requires that all important safety duties must be performed correctly, with high alertness, real-time insight, rich knowledge, accurate judgment and high sense of responsibility. The safety culture of nuclear equipment plant refers to "the dedication and responsibility of all staff engaged in activities related to the safety of nuclear power plant", which is full of the idea of "safety first", "persisting in the attitude of exploration, modesty and prudence, pursuing perfection, enhancing the sense of responsibility of everyone engaged in nuclear safety work and realizing comprehensive self-improvement". The essence of safety culture is a means to make all units and individuals pay attention to nuclear safety.