Seeking the true topic of Guangdong civil servants' application in 28

material 1:

according to statistics, there are 6 million victims in need of assistance every year in China, 22 million urban people live under the minimum security line, 75 million rural people living in absolute poverty and low income, and 6 million disabled people need assistance. In recent years, natural disasters, accidents, social security incidents and other public emergencies have caused more than one million casualties and economic losses of 65 billion yuan, accounting for 6% of China's GDP. How to build a perfect and effective social assistance system is becoming increasingly important.

Near the Spring Festival in 28, a large-scale rain and snow swept across half of China. This extremely serious low-temperature rain and snow freezing disaster lasted for a long time, the cooling range and precipitation intensity covered a wide area, and the rare disaster occurred at the peak of Spring Festival travel rush, which caused many difficulties to the people in the disaster area and had a serious impact on economic and social development.

The disaster relief process has tested the government's emergency response ability and organization and coordination ability in dealing with public emergencies. Under the leadership of the State Council of the CPC Central Committee, leaders at all levels were moved by the disaster and went to the front line of disaster relief for on-site guidance, while all walks of life extended their warm hands and made every effort to provide disaster relief. However, the relevant departments and industries have broken the traditional habits and joined hands to fight disasters. In some places, the power supply has gradually recovered, and some roads and railways blocked by snow have gradually unblocked. It is precisely because our government has taken powerful measures to minimize the loss of this snowstorm. A senior UN official in charge of disaster reduction said that the China government quickly launched the emergency plan for disaster relief and actively allocated national resources, which met the needs of hundreds of millions of people affected by the disaster. Governments all over the world can learn from the China government.

Material 2:

On the whole, the policy response to the snowstorm was timely and effective, and four forces played a role: one was the government, and the other was the military and police, among which 12 generals organized to guide passengers. Third, enterprises, which have made great contributions through social organizations and the government, and finally, the insurance system, these forces have formed a system of this rescue, and this system is effective. However, there are also many places worthy of reflection. I hope the government can establish a better linkage mechanism so that various social forces can participate in it. .

social organizations are an indispensable force. However, in reality, we can see the following headlines from the media: "Collective disappearance of real estate enterprises", "Silence of automobile industry" and "disappearance of the role of insurance industry", as well as the slow action of non-profit organizations and social institutions. Many companies also said that it is not that they don't want to donate, but that they can't find the corresponding channels; However, many social welfare and charitable organizations also express donations or love actions, but they can't find the corresponding ministries of government departments. In this regard, a person in charge of the Red Cross said, in the end, what is the situation of the snowstorm and what is the social demand? We can't get information from the government and rely entirely on us to report information to us below. Therefore, when we don't understand the disaster situation, we don't appeal easily. There are many levels of appeals issued by the Red Cross, so there are rules for us to do things according to procedures, so it seems a little slow. In the event of emergencies and emergencies, the government, enterprises, non-governmental forces, including the insurance industry, should coordinate. How does this thing work together? Originally, there was a set of emergency measures and a division of responsibilities, but the role of this set of things did not come into play. I hope we can have a mechanism in the future, so that social forces and social organizations can actively participate in this activity; Second, I hope that some information release mechanisms, such as social needs, which areas are most in short supply of what materials, will be done collectively.

Material 3:

Some people think that at present, once ordinary people face unexpected events and get into difficulties in life, they often rely on people's conscience to find limited charity. When natural disasters occur and a large number of victims need help, a higher level of emergency assistance will be launched. Personal assistance from the people is touching, but it is also very fragile. Fundamentally speaking, there is no law and regulation to regulate and protect private assistance. Because the state has not formulated corresponding laws and regulations, the assistance to the poor has not been legalized and can not be guaranteed by law. Because there are no relevant laws and regulations to restrict social assistance, social assistance has become the first principle. What we need is not only the charity of some well-intentioned people, or the kindness of the relevant government departments, but also the basic protection of the law. Under the protection of the Constitution, every citizen should naturally or naturally be in a social assistance system. Social assistance system, as a social security system to ensure the basic life of the needy, is the gospel of the needy and the cornerstone of social stability.

Material 4:

Since the Poor Law of Britain, social assistance and social work have formed an indissoluble bond. The significance of social work for social assistance lies in its values and scientific methods. Adhering to the values of social work and using social work methods can be closer to the recipients, understand their needs and serve them, thus achieving better rescue results. In the past, the relief work of government departments not only focused on service, but also based on management. However, modern social assistance work emphasizes people-oriented and service. Therefore, the concept and method of social work are more meaningful for better social assistance, and government departments should also be aware of this.

It is also necessary to train rescuers in social work. At present, the degree of specialization in the field of social assistance in China is low. From a national perspective, there are very few people who have really received professional training. Take the quality status of rural five-guarantee management service personnel as an example. According to a recent survey, among more than 7, employees in nursing homes, only about 1, have college education or above, accounting for 1.4% of the total number, while those with junior high school or below account for more than 7%. The quality of rescue workers is not high, which makes their service level difficult to provide.

In a critical situation, people's mentality is inevitably unbalanced and their mood fluctuates greatly, so they need the help of professional psychological consultants. Although some governments are aware of this problem this time, they have organized manpower to deal with it. But there are not many professional teams and talents. The government should turn passivity into initiative, and establish a permanent talent pool for crisis response. In foreign countries, most professional social workers undertake this work.

Material 5:

On January 26th, the Guangzhou train was stopped on a large scale due to the paralysis of China Southern Power Grid, and the military, police, health and medical departments entered a state of emergency. At 2: pm, the emergency plan of Spring Festival travel rush started.

On this day, another group of people automatically chose to enter a state of emergency. A graduate student of a university noticed the media reports about the detention of passengers at the railway station. He picked up the phone and began to contact the Youth League Committee and the Student Affairs Office of the school. The head of the Guangdong Lingnan Lions Club, a non-governmental organization, began to contact the civil affairs department, hoping to donate materials. Teacher Fan chose to contact the Spring Festival travel rush headquarters of Guangzhou Railway Station and East Railway Station this day, and the Guangzhou Christian Three-Self Patriotic Movement Committee chose to ask the Guangzhou Municipal Bureau of Religious Affairs, hoping that Christian volunteers with rich volunteer experience could also contribute to this. The relevant departments contacted by volunteers at the first time are various, and no one knows exactly which department is coordinating volunteers. Individuals who want to contribute are trying to find organizations, while organizations are applying for approval from the competent authorities.

The leaders of Yuexiu District Civil Affairs Bureau in Guangzhou said that they didn't expect that there were so many enthusiastic people in the society and the resources available to us were so rich. Guangzhou Railway Station is located in Yuexiu District. Yuexiu District Civil Affairs Bureau plays an important role in the resettlement of stranded passengers at the railway station, and social volunteers and volunteers play an important role in assisting their work. This sudden incident, which started in 28, seems to make government departments and non-governmental volunteer organizations find a possibility of resource docking.

On January 27th, Yuexiu District Volunteer Organization Association under Yuexiu District Civil Affairs Bureau was immediately mobilized. In addition, members of party member Volunteer Brigade of Yuexiu District Civil Affairs Bureau and some workers of neighborhood committees immediately joined the material distribution team. On the 27th, all the volunteers of Yuexiu District Civil Affairs System were in place. On this day, folks who want to help the stranded people in the railway station as volunteers are still waiting.

On January 28th, an open letter finally appeared on the website of Guangzhou Youth Volunteers: "In order to ensure the safe and orderly work in Spring Festival travel rush in 28, according to the spirit of the relevant meeting of the municipal party committee and the municipal government and the unified deployment and arrangement of the Spring Festival travel rush Office, volunteers are now organized to carry out volunteer service in Spring Festival travel rush. On this day, there were nearly 2, people stranded in the railway station. In the past work in Spring Festival travel rush, the Civil Affairs Bureau was not the main force. The once-in-5-year disaster pushed the Civil Affairs Bureau to the front line of large-scale emergency rescue for the first time. On January 28, the flow of people suddenly increased, and the Liuhua Pavilion, where passengers were placed, began to be crowded. At this time, the relief items distributed were likely to cause riots. We paused for a moment and quickly found the second plan. "The relevant comrades of the Guangzhou Civil Affairs Bureau recalled that they did not recruit social volunteers at first because the work of the Civil Affairs Bureau system was very orderly. They did not expect that there would be more and more passengers stranded behind. In the afternoon, the staff of the Civil Affairs Bureau on duty near the railway station once again felt that there was not enough manpower. They immediately began to contact non-governmental organizations that had cooperated in the past, as well as some volunteer organizations that came to the door for disaster relief.

Civil Affairs Bureau arranges volunteers to distribute materials and divert people's flow in relatively safe areas. Only a few volunteers can go deep into the crowd to distribute materials after approval and organization. The criteria for selecting these volunteers are their physical fitness and high discipline. This disaster relief only accepts organized and officially registered social volunteers. There were middle school students and foreigners who wanted to join the service and were eventually persuaded to leave. There have also been citizens who raised their own food and clothing and tried to enter the railway station area for distribution, but found that they were full of enthusiasm but could not start their work.

in the volunteer team, the behavior of disobeying the unified deployment of the Civil Affairs Bureau occasionally appears. A volunteer team of a water supply unit in Guangzhou went to a passenger detention area to distribute bottled water on their own. They may feel that the passengers there need more help, but unexpectedly they caused a small-scale riot. The police immediately came to stop it. The bottled water just delivered hit the police and volunteers in an instant, and the anxiety of the stranded passengers was on the verge.

"When using volunteers, we should first consider whether the safety of volunteers is guaranteed. With such a large flow of people, how can volunteers walk in front of the PLA and the police? What if there is a stampede? " The idea of the Civil Affairs Bureau has not been recognized by some enthusiastic young volunteers, who feel that they should serve there where they need it most. These situations described by civil affairs personnel were confirmed by other volunteers.

On January 31st, nearly 2, passengers returned to Guangzhou Railway Station from the Canton Fair Exhibition Hall and other passenger settlement points within one day, and the human wall formed by the armed police was once washed away by the turbulent crowd. That night, a post titled "Records of Volunteers in Guangzhou Railway Station: Angry Volunteers" appeared in Tianya Community and was widely reposted. "Today, as a volunteer working in Spring Festival travel rush, as an enthusiastic college student, what I am deeply moved is not love, not enthusiasm, but helplessness, helplessness and helplessness!" "What we did was the influx of people. The exhibition hall can only rest and not wait for the bus. If you want to get on the train, you must wait at the train station, but someone still asks us with the newspaper of the day. Not long after, a large number of people poured in, saying that the staff at the railway station told them to wait in the hall. As a volunteer, I am very helpless. We don't know the latest news or how to inform them. Looking at the 2-year-old child who has been waiting for 5 days, I can't help but cry. " In this article, the author mentioned that the donated materials were piled on the ceiling but not distributed. "Even if the mother brought her children to ask for a piece of paper, we volunteers had to bow to the people in the civil affairs department before agreeing." In the end, they chose to "steal". "When the civil affairs department opened the sealed food, we quietly put it in a bag and walked into the crowd, stuffing it to the elderly and children while they were not paying attention.

However, the voice on the Internet is not one-sided criticism of the Civil Affairs Bureau. The staff of Lingnan Lions Club views the query on the Civil Affairs Bureau on the Internet like this: "As the volunteer leader of a charity organization, from the 1st to now, I have been assisting the Civil Affairs Bureau to distribute goods in the old trade fair square from 1: pm to the early morning every day, and I have had countless dealings with the people of the Civil Affairs Bureau. In fact, to be honest, they are also very hard. Most of them have been fighting for 7-8 days in a row and sleep less than 5 hours every day. All the staff of the Ministry of Civil Affairs are deployed, but the manpower is far from enough. Now, even all the civil servants in all streets are deployed. Some civil servants have no experience in civil affairs and immediately put into work. Sometimes it is no wonder that they have such shortcomings as attitude and manner.

another kind of dispute exists between volunteer organizations. Since various non-governmental organizations including Guangzhou Volunteers, Lions Club, YMCA and Wheat Field Project often work in the same area, it is easy for volunteers belonging to different groups to observe each other. There are teams with a large number of mobilizers, but loose management and lack of cohesion, and rational and calm organizations with certain emergency professionalism. This emergency rescue is also the first time for many non-governmental organizations to face a major test.

The disaster relief reports of the media have aroused great concern of the public, and donations of folk materials have been very enthusiastic. On the Internet, there was a voice like this: "For the materials sent to the Civil Affairs Bureau, the conditions they accepted were very harsh: the old ones should not be used, and the food should be invoiced. They often sent a lot, and they picked some and took the rest back. For the extra materials that have not been distributed, the Civil Affairs Bureau may take them to the Love Supermarket to sell."

In fact, we must pay attention to why we should accept materials selectively and why we should have invoices for food. Comrades of the Civil Affairs Bureau said: "Someone once offered to donate 2 copies of fried noodles to us, but we didn't accept it. We don't know whether it is safe to eat this fried noodles. A large number of people offered to donate clothes, but old clothes were often not accepted. Old clothes must be sterilized before they can be distributed, and people are crowded. Once infectious diseases are uncontrollable and time is tight, we have no manpower and material resources to do this work. "

In this rare large-scale mobilization and rescue operation, most ordinary people and volunteers, like some front-line government civil servants, lack the knowledge about emergency rescue and donation, and the above information was not conveyed in time and clearly during and after the disaster relief. The lack of information dissemination system not only exists in the process of material donation, but also in the organization and management of volunteers. Even front-line civil servants are often unaware of many changes. Organizers of the volunteer team of Lingnan Lions Club need to collect relevant information, such as where the refund point is, where the toilet is, etc., through the internet and the media before they are dispatched, and then sort it out and tell the volunteers so that the volunteers can provide accurate information when they meet with passengers' inquiries. The volunteer door is used to seeing the panic scene of crowds of passengers carrying luggage suddenly coming in and out. "All the incorrect information misled them." A young volunteer in Guangzhou thinks so. Obviously, this train station rescue operation not only provides the government with an opportunity to mobilize social volunteers on a large scale, but also is an unprecedented experience for many non-governmental organizations. When the government found out