What are the characteristics of Shaanxi in terms of geographical environment, history, culture, customs and customs? 100 words

In the embrace of the Qinling Mountains and the Loess Plateau, there is an ancient and magical plain. The land here is fertile, the products are rich, the weather is smooth, and the harvest is guaranteed during droughts and floods. It is more than 100 kilometers wide from north to south and more than 400 kilometers long from east to west. It is known as the Eight Hundred Miles of Qinchuan. This is Guanzhong.

The history can be traced back to 5,000 years ago, where Emperor Yan and Emperor Huang created the greatest beginning of the Chinese nation. King Wu conquered Zhou and established the Zhou Dynasty here; the First Emperor conquered Liuhe and established the Qin Dynasty here; Chu and Han fought for hegemony and established the Han Dynasty here; the prosperous Tang Dynasty pushed Chinese civilization to the highest peak in the world. Every inch of land here is condensed with thick historical accumulation and many magic and mystery.

It’s okay to drink from a big bowl

Objectively speaking, the people in Guanzhong are not outstanding in their drinking capacity. They can’t compare with the people of Henan in the east, and can’t compare with the people of northern Shaanxi and Mongolia in the north. Even Competing with the Hanzhong people in the south, the Guanzhong people may not have an advantage. However, due to the upright character of Guanzhong people, they are not good at speaking. Therefore, it is often the case that he drinks whatever you tell him to drink. If you dare to say 10 glasses per person, he may not be able to drink at all, but as long as you have not finished speaking, all 10 glasses of wine will be poured into his stomach. However, the people in Guanzhong will not tolerate you cheating and teasing them, even though you may not be malicious. I have encountered such a thing. Several Guanzhong Township Party members visited and studied somewhere in the south. They were warmly entertained. When drinking, they pushed each other and finally decided to drink a glass each. The Guanzhong people raised their necks without saying a word. , all bottomed out. Several local guests acted cunningly, and with their sharp tongue, they actually took advantage of Li'er. The man from Guanzhong couldn't stand such cowardice. He picked up the bottle and drank a few sips. Then he turned around, pulled the local out of the chair, pushed him to the ground, and drank it hard. He was so frightened that the host's face changed. , so it is best not to violate the gentleman's agreement when drinking with people in Guanzhong.

Snack stalls are set up along the way

Those who have been to Xi'an will never forget the snacks in Xi'an, especially in the night market. During the day, the road is bright and there is nothing. , at night, hundreds of food stalls will pop up, crowding the wide road, and small lights will form a sea of ??lights. In the night market, Guanzhong snacks such as fish, mashed potatoes, noodles, dumplings, oil noodles, buckwheat noodles, etc., plus various snacks of the Hui people in Guanzhong, form two major camps of the night market. Because the night market is cheap and affordable, and has a strong local flavor, it has a strong temptation for both foreign guests and Xi'an citizens. Even the young people they are dating regard eating at the night market as their love affair. essential content. Except for Xi'an, almost all towns and places in Guanzhong have night markets. It has become a food culture with distinctive regional characteristics. In fact, long before city nights appeared, the rural night markets in Guanzhong had been prosperous for thousands of years, but in different ways. The oldest night market format is still used in rural areas of Guanzhong. Under the stage during festivals and funerals, the women and men who work in the fields during the day suddenly become the owners of food stalls. However, the varieties are nothing more than the same. Oil cakes, fermented glutinous rice, twists and other things, although the varieties are few and simple, they are already very fresh. Stalls are usually placed where there are more people, thus often blocking the flow of people and adding to the lively atmosphere. Looking back, this is the origin of the most authentic Guanzhong Night Market.

Exalted people bury their reputations

Due to its extremely profound historical and cultural heritage, Guanzhong is home to not only rich cultural relics but also many talented people. For example, in my hometown of Huaxian County, there was a calligrapher named Wu. No one knew about him in the decades he lived. People around him only knew that he could write. When I was a child, it was during the Cultural Revolution. He would carry a lime bucket in one hand and a brush in the other, writing slogans along the wall, and we would follow behind and put the lime bucket into the playground. No one can imagine how high his writing skills are. It wasn't until the end of the "Cultural Revolution" that several great calligraphers from a certain city's calligraphy and painting collection accidentally saw Wu Laoyi's banner with the words "Carry out farmland water conservancy infrastructure construction" and were immediately impressed by the calligraphy art that was extremely sophisticated and highly artistic. , several masters made a special trip to Shaanxi and went to Wu's hometown, hoping to get a calligraphy ink that avoided political leanings for the permanent collection of the museum. Unfortunately, Mr. Wu refused to write. Later, someone took Mr. Wu's ink and exhibited it in the book market. Unexpectedly, it turned out to be of the highest quality. Even many first-class calligraphers lamented it.

It's a pity that Mr. Wu never knew how high his level was, just like the blind man A Bing never knew that his "Er Quan Ying Yue" would become an eternal masterpiece. There are countless masters like this in Guanzhong. When you go to live in the countryside, you may encounter extremely high-level calligraphers, painters, doctors, craftsmen, literary historians, Qin opera singers, etc. at any time. Their level is often beyond comparison. beyond people's expectations. It is more appropriate to describe Guanzhong with outstanding people and talented people.

Four Squares of Home Towns

Farming is like building a flower bed

The Guanzhong people’s carefulness in farming and carelessness in life form a strong contrast. . When I came to Guanzhong, I stood at the northern foot of the Qinling Mountains. Looking up from a high place, I could see that the land of Qinchuan was boundless, fertile and flat as a mirror. Roads and ridges divide the fertile fields in an orderly manner. This is of course related to the miraculous creation of nature, but it is also inseparable from the careful repairs made by Guanzhong people for generations. Farm work in the Guanzhong area is generally busy only in summer and autumn, and people are idle throughout the winter. The people in Guanzhong are not good at going out to work or doing business, so they devote almost all their energy and thoughts to the farmland. When leveling the land, they worked meticulously. When plowing the land, they didn't even use plows. They felt that the plowing was not very precise, so they used shovels to plow the land one by one. After plowing, they applied base fertilizer and tied the ridges with ropes. It is laid neatly and neatly, like a flower bed, which is very suitable for crop growth. After the seeds are sown, they are also very serious about the growth management of the crops, whether it is watering, fertilizing, or grafting seedlings, everything is meticulous. Over time, not only did they know every inch of the land, but they also knew almost every crop that grew.

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Some brief introduction about Guanzhong

Shaanxi Chongqing The Han Dynasty is still called the Three Qin Dynasty. When the overlord of Western Chu destroyed the Qin Dynasty, he divided the Qin land into three and became the fiefdoms of three kings with different surnames. This is the earliest origin of the title Sanqin, and the current title Sanqin This concept has been skipped.

Looking from the map, there is a belt that divides Shaanxi into three parts from the middle. The one to the north is Northern Shaanxi, and the one to the south is Southern Shaanxi. This belt in the middle is eight hundred miles of endless and abundant resources. Guanzhong Road is prosperous.

Guanzhong Road is cut off in the middle, and three places with different languages ??and customs are cut off. Northern Shaanxi is adjacent to Shanxi and Gansu, and the language and customs of northern Shaanxi are somewhat similar to those of these two provinces. Similarly, the language in northern Shaanxi is more Bixing, and there are many examples in Xintianyou, such as "Shandandan blooms and turns red" and so on. The pronunciation of northern Shaanxi is thick and nasal, but there are some glides at the end of the words, which sounds like singing Xintianyou.

As southern Shaanxi borders Sichuan and Henan, the language of southern Shaanxi is a mixture of the three provinces of Shaanxi, Henan and Shu. Therefore, when people from southern Shaanxi speak, almost people in Guanzhong think they are from Henan or Sichuan. . The customs are also far different from Guanzhong Road.

People in Guanzhong use the word "xiangdang" to call fellow villagers, but they never regard people from these two places as "xiangdang". Among the names of Guanzhong people, those in northern Shaanxi are "Beishan Wolf". Those in southern Shaanxi became "Nanshan monkeys". Although these two titles are somewhat derogatory, they also appropriately express the character and living environment of the people in these two places.

In Shaanxi, no matter what catastrophe happens, only the people in Guanzhong do not go out to escape the disaster, and there are very few people in Guanzhong to make a living. People from northern Shaanxi go to the west entrance, and people from southern Shaanxi go to Tongguan. When digging coal, only the intermediaries guard their homes.

This has a lot to do with the terrain of Guanzhong. The eight-hundred-mile Guanzhong Road is a flat plain, and there are no big rivers, so there are no floods; but the water in the small river is just enough to irrigate the land, so there is no drought. Although Guanzhong Road is geographically located at the junction of the Loess Plateau Plate and the Weibei Plain Plate, which is a prone spot for earthquakes, God loves Guanzhong. These two plates are probably the two most stable plates in the world. Since the beginning of history, During the Ming Dynasty, a major earthquake occurred, which moved the Wei River two meters north. It has been stable before and since. When the huge earthquake in Tangshan affected Guanzhong Road, it only shook my grandma twice on the loom.

The people of Guanzhong Road are not good at doing business. This is related to the fertile land of Guanzhong Road.

The land on Guanzhong Road is also made of loess, but the loess on Guanzhong Road is much stronger than the loess in northern Shaanxi. The yellow dust blown from the desert fell in large particles in northern Shaanxi, and the small particles fell on it. Because the wind gradually decreased, it fell on the Guanzhong Road. The loess in southern Shaanxi is thin because the high Qinling Mountains blocked the drift of the loess. Therefore, northern Shaanxi has a lot of loess, but it is difficult to grow crops. One reason is that there is too much loess accumulation there, and groundwater is buried deeply under the loess, resulting in less irrigation and more water loss.

The land on Guanzhong Road is delicate. When I walked to the edge of the field, I grabbed a handful of loess and squeezed it hard. When I opened my palm, I saw that the loess formed a ball in my hand like wet flour.

The land on Guanzhong Road is fertile. I broke off a willow stick and inserted it upside down. After a few days, I saw that the willow stick was slowly growing new green leaves. This is a bit exaggerated, but the land is fertile. Really true fact.

Such a fertile land determines that Guanzhong Taoist people can have enough food and clothing without having to travel around in the long-term agricultural society in the past. Therefore, Guanzhong Taoist people are more kind, less ruthless than people from northern Shaanxi, and less cruel than people from southern Shaanxi. The essence of human beings, so the Guanzhong Taoists who suffered from these people also called the people of these two places "wolves in the north mountain and monkeys in the south mountain".

The fertile land has determined that Guanzhong Road has become a large granary in the west, and has also become a destination for victims of disasters in various provinces. Sichuan is also a granary, but the high Qinling Mountains block the two weak legs of the hungry victims. . After entering Tongguan, the Guanzhong Road is a flat plain, so the victims can enter Guanzhong effortlessly.

These disaster victims have stayed away for many years after the disaster. Those who became door-to-door sons-in-law became door-to-door sons-in-law, and those who married Guanzhong people became their wives. Gradually, they also regarded themselves as Guanzhong people. And proud. Because the Guanzhong people have accepted these disaster victims all year round, they have become more tolerant and accepting in terms of kindness. Do not despise or look down upon these outsiders.

These kindhearted people are often exploited by some unscrupulous people. They are idle and don't like to work, so they pretend to be beggars and go around the streets with snot and tears to deceive the old ladies in Guanzhong. The kind-hearted old man cried like a tearful person and hurriedly went home with his little feet on his feet. He took out a few big white steamed buns and stuffed them into him. If it was a meal, it goes without saying that he would call that guy. Go home, be a guest, entertain on the plate and on the plate. Among the provinces bordering Shaanxi, there is no one in that province who does not know the prosperity of Guanzhong, and there is no one in that province who has not received the favor of Guanzhong.

The people who have an indissoluble bond with Guanzhong are the Henan people. These Chinese gypsies have been wandering outside all year round because of the mother river. Where there are Chinese people, there are Henan people. In the world , apart from Henan Province, Guanzhong Road has the most Henanese people. There is a novel called "The Yellow River Flows East", which describes the process of the Yellow River bursting and the Henan people fleeing Guanzhong.

People from other provinces rarely flee famine. People in Shanxi, Gansu, Ningxia and other places know that the land in Guanzhong Road is good and there is plenty of wheat but little labor, so they go along it every year during the busy farming season. The Ancient Silk Road and the current Xilan Highway were heading east in large numbers, so majestic that they entered Guanzhong with sickles hanging on their shoulders, empty tobacco pouches on their waists, and empty sacks on their backs. When I returned home, in addition to the length of the sickle being a little shorter, the empty things had become real. Of course, there was also more money in my pocket. Guanzhong people are accustomed to adding the word "Ke" after a person's occupation to call that person. One is a title, and the other is a direct indication of the person's occupation. For example, a person who mainly cooks is called "Shao Shao (sound SHUO) guest". ", those who mainly make tofu are called "tofu customers". The people in Guanzhong call these people who come to Guanzhong to harvest wheat "Maike".

Every year in June of the Gregorian calendar, Guanzhong Road is crowded with these wheat customers. Generally, these wheat customers are cut from the easternmost section of Guanzhong Road and go all the way to the west, because the wheat on Guanzhong Road is from east to west. Ripe. These wheat collectors have been cutting to the west of Guanzhong Road. The wheat in Guanzhong Road is finished, and they are close to the homes of these wheat collectors. So they pack up their sickles, look at the rich Guanzhong with envy, count the money in their pockets, and put the money in their pockets. Reluctant to part with the sickle, he went back. Often there are more Mai Ke who come and less people who go back. Because there are fewer people and more land in Guanzhong Road, the strong and young Mai Ke are taken over.