How to prevent and treat hypertension?

Hypertension is recognized as the "king of chronic diseases", ranking first among chronic diseases and known as the silent killer. The number of people with hypertension in China is about 330 million, that is, 3 out of every 10 people suffer from hypertension. Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors for coronary heart disease and stroke.

First, blood pressure diagnostic criteria

140/90 mmHg can be diagnosed.

Second, the prevention and treatment of hypertension

Three important sentences: "First, early detection and early diagnosis of hypertension, second, taking antihypertensive drugs early after diagnosis, and third, lowering blood pressure to normal."

(1) non-drug therapy

1, reasonable diet: hypertension should be low in sugar, fat and salt. Mainly a diet of high protein, fresh vegetables and fruits. To limit sodium and supplement potassium, WHO recommends: 5 grams of salt per person per day.

2. Moderate exercise: At present, walking is recognized as one of the best exercises in the world. Not only high blood pressure, but every middle-aged and old friend should keep exercising for 30-60 minutes every day, and walking is appropriate.

3, quit smoking and limit alcohol: people without high blood pressure can prevent the occurrence of high blood pressure by quitting smoking, and people with high blood pressure should quit smoking. Don't drink a lot, high concentration of alcohol will aggravate high blood pressure, leading to stroke and myocardial infarction.

4, psychological balance: happiness can be expressed by a formula: 15% money ten 20% nature ten 65% mood = happiness. The psychological manifestations of patients with hypertension are nervousness, irritability, anxiety, panic and emotional instability. Repeated bad stimulation can keep blood pressure high, which is easy to induce cerebral hemorrhage or sudden death of coronary heart disease. Therefore, we should pay attention to psychological balance, improve self-control ability, keep relaxed and calm mood, keep blood pressure stable, and reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications.

(2) drug therapy

Therapeutic purposes: early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment, and early blood pressure reduction to 140/90mmHg. The blood pressure of the elderly should not be rushed, and the blood pressure should be controlled at 140- 150mmhg. The most important thing is to take medicine under the guidance of a doctor.

Antihypertensive drug therapy: there are six main categories, namely diuretics,? Receptor blockers, calcium antagonists (Horizon), ACEI (Puli), AT Ⅱ receptor antagonists (ARB) (sartans), and? Receptor blockers, etc. There are many compound preparations to choose from.

Principles of antihypertensive treatment: patients with hypertension should do the following when taking medicine, that is, take medicine for life; Take a single drug, starting with a small dose; Take long-acting drugs; When the curative effect is not good, single drug can be combined; Regular standardized treatment; Take medicine regularly; Individualized medication; Take medicine often in the morning.