How do the United States and Japan conduct sex education?

● America: Advocating personality-based sex education in adolescence The United States began in the 1960s, when the "sexual freedom" and "sexual liberation" movements rose in western countries. At that time, it was recognized that the goal of adolescent sex education in schools was to reduce sexually transmitted diseases, illegitimate children and sexual maladjustment, cultivate teenagers' attitude and ability to treat the opposite sex correctly, and establish noble relations with the opposite sex. Sex education for American teenagers began in the 1960s, when the movements of "sexual freedom" and "sexual liberation" rose in western countries. In recent years, two schools in the United States are in favor of adolescent sex education in schools, but there are differences in specific goals and tasks. One school, represented by SIECUS, put forward the comprehensive educational goal of "safe sex". They advocate that the school adolescent sex education curriculum should mainly teach students to use condoms, so that when they have sex, their health will be least harmed. The other school, represented by the American Institute of Sexual Health Medicine (MISH), puts forward the goal of sex and moral education, and advocates "abstinence-oriented" sex education based on moral quality, that is, adolescent sex education courses should mainly focus on personality education, and promote students to keep their virginity until they find someone who is ready to spend their lives with them, and then have sex when they get married. At present, more and more people in the United States tend to the latter view. Attempts to reduce the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases, unmarried pregnancies and adolescent sexual activities in the once dominant safe sex course failed, and more people advocated abstinence-based sex education based on personality. ● Japan: regards sex as a basic part of personality. Japanese adolescent sex education has gone through three stages. The first stage, from World War II to 1960s, was called "purity education", which emphasized giving teenagers correct sexual knowledge and keeping their body and mind pure. The second stage was in the 1960s and 1970s, when Japan was impacted by the wave of "sexual freedom" in the west, and thus began the stage of imparting sexual scientific knowledge. The third stage was after 1970s, when Japan entered the stage of "sex education", which not only made students understand some knowledge about sex, but also made them understand the importance of friendship and the value of life. Since the 1980s, they have put special emphasis on sexual restraint and morality in sex education, believing that sex education should be civilized, ethical and moral education first, respecting people's spirit, opposing bullying by the strong, paying attention to equality between men and women, and sexual health education second. The goal of their sex education is to regard sex as a basic part of personality in an all-round way, establish a correct view of the opposite sex of equality between men and women, make their behavior conform to social norms, and form a noble personality. ● Sweden: Sweden is the first country in the world to promote sex education for teenagers. As early as 1942, compulsory education schools started sex education; 1957, the Swedish national education commission formulated a guide to sex education. 1970, sex education was extended to all schools in Sweden. Before 1975, they gave priority to physical education, and then gradually increased sexual morality, sexual evaluation and other educational contents. Sex education in Sweden has three outstanding characteristics: first, it is very practical; Second, from early childhood; Third, sex science education is in place in one step, detailed and meticulous, and does not beat around the bush. Sex education in Sweden is very effective. Compared with other western countries, the number of teenage pregnancies and abortions in Sweden has obviously decreased, and the proportion of sexually transmitted diseases and sexual crimes has also been declining.