Kindergarten electricity knowledge

1. Tomorrow I am going to teach "Safe Electricity Knowledge" to kindergarten children. Is there anyone who can provide me with it?

Scenario exercise: Suddenly a burst of energy appeared in a corner of Huang Kefang's house. There was smoke and a burning smell

Discuss with children how to use electricity safely

1. Look for signs of smoke (it turns out that Huang Kefang used an electric iron to iron clothes for fun. Forgot to turn off the power and burned the clothes)

2. Discuss with young children how to use electricity safely at home? Ask children to express their opinions. At this time, dexterous guiding language should be used to develop children's imagination and judgment of things

3. The teacher summarizes how to use electricity safely:

(1), Don’t play with electrical plugs. Ask everyone to help plug and unplug them when needed

(2) Don’t touch the power switch with wet hands

(3) Don’t press the electrical appliance casually before you learn how to operate it. Only adults can operate the knobs and various keys on home appliances and do not move them randomly

(4) Pay attention to saving electricity and turn off the lights when no one is around. Turn off the TV in time after watching it

2. Reflection on common knowledge about electricity use in small classes

1. Consciously improve the awareness and awareness of safe electricity use, adhere to the idea of ??"safety first, prevention first" to ensure the safety of life and property , truly attach importance to safety from the heart and promote safe production.

2. Be familiar with the location of the main air circuit breaker (commonly known as the main switch) at your production site or dormitory (such as toll plazas, construction sites, offices, dormitories, etc.), in case of fire, electric shock or other electrical accidents , the power supply should be cut off as soon as possible to avoid causing greater property losses and personal casualties. 3. You are not allowed to connect wires privately, you are not allowed to hang clothes and debris on wires or other electrical equipment, and you are not allowed to install or use high-power electrical equipment that does not meet national safety standards without permission. If necessary, you should report it to the relevant department. Apply for approval and have electricians install it.

4. Do not dismantle electrical equipment such as lamps, switches, sockets, etc. without permission. Do not use lamps to bake clothes or use them for other purposes. When abnormal phenomena such as smoke, arcing, and burnt smell appear inside the equipment, The power supply to the equipment should be cut off immediately, and electricians should be notified for maintenance to avoid expanding the scope of the fault and causing electric shock accidents; when the leakage protector (commonly known as the leakage switch) trips, it cannot be re-closed without permission. 5. When using electrical equipment (such as hair dryers) in bathrooms or places with high humidity, ensure good indoor ventilation to avoid electric shock accidents due to poor insulation of electrical appliances.

6. Ensure good heat dissipation of electrical equipment (such as televisions, electric water heaters, computers, stereos, etc.), and do not pile up flammable and explosive items and debris around them to prevent damage to the equipment due to poor heat dissipation. or cause fire. 7. Cherish electricity resources and develop good habits of using electricity safely and saving electricity. When leaving or not using it for a long time, be sure to cut off the power supply (especially electric heating appliances) before leaving.

8. Electrical appliances and electrical equipment with mechanical transmission must be protected by protective covers, protective covers or protective fences before they can be used. You cannot put your hands or body into the mechanical transmission position of the running equipment to damage the equipment. When cleaning, be sure to cut off the power supply, stop the machine, and ensure safety to prevent personal injury or death. 9. Do not climb high-voltage towers, fly kites or engage in other activities near high-voltage lines.

10. Do not enter the electrical room or electrical construction site without permission from the relevant departments.

3. Reflection on common knowledge about electricity use in small classes

1. Consciously improve the awareness and consciousness of safe electricity use, adhere to the idea of ??"safety first, prevention first" to ensure life and safety Property safety, truly attach importance to safety from the heart, and promote safe production.

2. Be familiar with the location of the main air circuit breaker (commonly known as the main switch) at your production site or dormitory (such as toll plazas, construction sites, offices, dormitories, etc.), in case of fire, electric shock or other electrical accidents , the power supply should be cut off as soon as possible to avoid causing greater property losses and personal casualties.

3. You are not allowed to connect wires privately, you are not allowed to hang clothes and debris on wires or other electrical equipment, and you are not allowed to install or use high-power electrical equipment that does not meet national safety standards without permission. If necessary, an application should be submitted to the relevant department for approval, and the installation will be carried out by electricians.

4. Do not dismantle electrical equipment such as lamps, switches, sockets, etc. without permission. Do not use lamps to bake clothes or use them for other purposes. When abnormal phenomena such as smoke, arcing, and burnt smell appear inside the equipment, The power supply to the equipment should be cut off immediately, and electricians should be notified for maintenance to avoid expanding the scope of the fault and causing electric shock accidents; when the leakage protector (commonly known as the leakage switch) trips, it cannot be re-closed without permission.

5. When using electrical equipment (such as hair dryers) in bathrooms or places with high humidity, ensure good indoor ventilation to avoid electric shock accidents due to poor insulation of electrical appliances.

6. Ensure good heat dissipation of electrical equipment (such as televisions, electric water heaters, computers, stereos, etc.), and do not pile up flammable and explosive items and debris around them to prevent damage to the equipment due to poor heat dissipation. or cause fire.

7. Cherish electricity resources and develop good habits of safe use of electricity and saving electricity. When you are leaving or not using it for a long time, be sure to cut off the power supply (especially electric heating appliances). leave.

8. Electrical appliances and electrical equipment with mechanical transmission must be protected by protective covers, protective covers or protective fences before they can be used. You cannot put your hands or body into the mechanical transmission position of the running equipment to damage the equipment. When cleaning, be sure to cut off the power supply, stop the machine, and ensure safety to prevent personal injury or death.

9. Do not climb high-voltage towers, fly kites or engage in other activities near high-voltage lines.

10. Do not enter the electrical room or electrical construction site without permission from the relevant departments.

4. How to educate young children about the safe use of electricity

Electric shock is a common accidental injury in daily life. Statistics show that the number of children who die due to electric shock accounts for 1% of the total. 1O.6% of accidental deaths.

Educating children on safe electricity use must be based on their physical and mental development levels and characteristics. In terms of educational methods, teachers can use demonstrations, explanations and games, pay attention to the combination of positive guidance and random education, and implement the knowledge of safe electricity use in children.

In many years of work practice, I think the following methods and approaches can be used: 1. Let children fully master the relevant knowledge and content of safe use of electricity. To educate children on safe use of electricity, we must first let children master the knowledge and content of safe use of electricity. Relevant knowledge and content about electricity: such as: what electricity is, types of electricity, what lightning is, what static electricity is, applications of electricity, hazards of electricity, how to use electricity safely, etc. Teachers can tell children in easy-to-understand language: Electricity is a natural phenomenon. Static electricity is generated when dry items rub against each other. Thunder and lightning are generated when it rains and thunders.

There are two types of electricity: one is called positive electricity and the other is called negative electricity. Electricity has a wide range of applications. It can be used in industry, agriculture, medical care, and daily life. It is also used in high-tech fields such as scientific research, military, aerospace, and navigation. Teachers should introduce various household appliances and applications in particular to teach children about electricity and people. production and life are closely related.

Although electricity is very important to people's lives, improper application can cause harm. Teachers should use a variety of methods and approaches to let children master some knowledge about safe use of electricity: 1. Learn to read signs about safe use of electricity. Red: used to indicate prohibition and stop information; when encountering a red sign, it is strictly forbidden to touch it.

Yellow: used for warnings, such as "Beware of electric shock", "Pay attention to safety", etc. 2. Understand that people will die if electric current passes through the human body. All metal products are conductive. Never use these tools to come into direct contact with the power supply.

For example: Do not touch or test the inside of the power socket with your hands or conductive objects (such as wire, nails, pins and other metal products). 3. Usually water is also conductive.

Be careful not to touch electrical appliances with water, so do not touch them with wet hands. For example: When the TV is on, do not wipe it with a wet towel to prevent water from entering the casing and causing a short circuit, which may damage the TV and cause personal injury.

Do not touch the plug with wet hands, as this may cause electric shock. 4. If you find someone getting an electric shock, try to turn off the power in time (you can call an adult). Do not use your hands to save the person directly. You should call an adult for help. Do not handle it yourself to prevent electric shock.

Objects such as wood, rubber, and plastic do not conduct electricity and are called insulators. These tools can directly contact the power source and will not cause electric shock. If someone gets electric shock, dry wooden sticks, bamboo poles, etc. can be used to separate the contact person from the live electrical appliances.

5. Know and understand the main power switch, and learn to turn off the main power supply in an emergency. 6. After using electrical appliances, unplug the power plug immediately.

Do not pull hard on the wire when unplugging the power plug to prevent damage to the insulation layer of the wire and an electric shock. 7. Do not disassemble or install power lines, sockets, plugs, etc. at will.

Even simple things like installing light bulbs must be turned off first and done under the guidance of parents. 8. When you see a fallen wire, be sure to stay away, and do not touch the loose wire ends with your hands.

9. There are many dangers next to the switch box. Do not play near the electric switch, and do not touch the electric switch at will to avoid short circuit, leakage and other dangers.

Don’t play near transformers, high-voltage lines, etc., and don’t come into contact with these things. 1O. Protect against lightning in rainy days.

When it rains, thunders, or flashes, turn off the TV and stereo, unplug the power plug, and try not to go out to prevent lightning strikes. 2. Achieve educational goals through a variety of methods and approaches 1. Deepen children’s impressions through environmental creation. The impact of the environment on children is subtle.

Kindergartens publicize to parents and children by setting up publicity boards, publishing some electricity safety knowledge or cartoons, and hanging slogans on safe electricity use; more importantly, they use various electrical appliances, power supplies, wires, sockets, Uniform safe electricity signs are posted next to switches and gates to remind children to pay attention to electricity safety. 2. Achieve educational goals through teaching activities. Teachers can design some knowledge on safe use of electricity into special teaching activities, coupled with vivid teaching aids, pictures or courseware, to educate children: such as the large class teaching activity "Various Lamps" , children learn the common sense of safe use of electricity by understanding various lights; the middle class teaching activity "How to protect against lightning", through the teacher's vivid narration, the children understand how to protect against lightning: Do not run under a big tree Avoid thunderstorms and lightning; do not hide under telephone poles; do not hide in other high-lying places; do not hide in wet places.

Teachers can choose some finished stories, or integrate the knowledge about safe electricity use into their own stories, so that children can experience interesting storylines and also accept some knowledge about safe use of electricity. 3. Achieve educational goals through game activities. Games are children’s favorite learning form. Teachers integrate some knowledge about safe electricity use into games through planned educational goals and forms, so that children can experience the joy of games and gain at the same time. Corresponding education.

For example, the role game "Household appliances are so fun" allows children to act as "salespersons" in an electrical appliance store to introduce to "customers" the functions and usage of TVs, refrigerators, computers, air conditioners, hair dryers, electric irons, etc. Precautions, special emphasis on safe use of electricity. Another example is the situational game "Come and save the little bear who got electrocuted!". Children play different small animals, use dry bamboo poles, wooden sticks, etc. to pick apart the "wires" that cause the little bear to get electrocuted, and call "120" emergency number to rescue. The injured”.

In addition, teachers can also provide children with some hygienic and safe game materials, such as dry batteries, light bulbs, wires, etc., so that children can experience the operation: Why does the light bulb light up? Use dry plastic sheets, combs, scraps of paper, etc. to let children experiment with the interesting phenomenon of "frictional electrification" and so on. In addition, children can also enrich their knowledge through safe use of electronic animations, comics, related video materials, multimedia courseware, etc.

4. Conduct special lectures on electricity safety knowledge. In order to further strengthen electricity safety education for children, kindergartens can organize special lectures on electricity safety knowledge for teachers, children and parents at appropriate times. Lectures can be held by hiring full-time staff from the local power company, or parents and friends who have knowledge and experience in this area, to enrich everyone's relevant knowledge through lectures, so that children can understand: do not play with electrical plugs, ask adults to plug and unplug them when necessary; Use your hands.

5. Little knowledge about electricity safety in daily life

1. Household circuit.

1. The main components of household circuits include low-voltage power supply lines, voltmeters, knife switches, fuses, electrical appliances, sockets, and switches.

2. Connection method: All electrical appliances in the household circuit are connected to the circuit in parallel, and each electrical appliance is connected in series with an open circuit. The turning on and off of one electrical appliance will not affect the normal operation of other electrical appliances. Each socket is connected in parallel in the circuit. Whether there is any electrical appliance plugged in will not affect the normal use of other electrical appliances.

3. Distinguish the live wire, neutral wire and ground wire: The low-voltage power supply line is connected to the household circuit by two wires. There is no voltage between one of them and the ground, which is called the neutral wire. There is 220V voltage between the other wire and the ground, which is called the live wire. There is 220V voltage between the live wire and the neutral wire. There is a wire in the three-hole socket that connects the household appliance shell to the earth. This wire is called the ground wire. Although the voltage between the ground wire or the live wire and the neutral wire is 220V, the ground wire and the neutral wire must not be connected, otherwise it may easily cause an electric shock accident. You can use a test pen to identify the live and neutral wires. Touch the metal body of the pen tail with your hand, and the pen tip touches the wire (or the wire connected to the wire). If the neon tube glows, it means it is in contact with a live wire.

4. The electric energy meter is used to measure the amount of electric energy consumed by the user and is installed in front of the user's main switch. Use an electric energy meter to measure the power of electrical appliances. 5. The function of fuse: The fuse is used to protect the circuit. Household fuses are made of lead-antimony alloy with high resistivity and low melting point. When the current is too large, it will generate more heat, causing the temperature to reach the melting point and automatically fuse and cut off the circuit. Remember not to use other wires to replace the fuse. Selection of fuse: I amount is larger than I normally. The fusing current of a general fuse is about twice the rated current.

2. There are basically two reasons for excessive current in household circuits.

1. Short circuit occurs: A short circuit is when the current directly connects the neutral line and the live wire without passing through the electrical appliance. In order to avoid the short circuit phenomenon, it is necessary to check the line in time to see if there are any damaged wires or insulation layers, as well as the bonding of the wires. Touch or moisture, etc.

2. The total power of electrical appliances is too large: when the voltage U between the live wire and the neutral wire is constant, the main circuit current I=P/U. When more electrical appliances are connected in parallel, the total power P becomes larger, and the current I also becomes larger, which is the same as the result of a short circuit. When the current I reaches a certain level, the fuse will heat up and automatically cut off the circuit. If several high-power electrical appliances are connected to the home, remember to stagger their usage times.

3. Common sense of safe electricity use.

1. Causes of electric shock: The human body is a conductor with a resistance of about 1,000 ohms (just for people). When a person gets an electric shock, the current will flow into the earth through the human body. When the human body directly or indirectly encounters a live line, the person will An electric shock accident occurred. When the current flowing through the human body increases to 1 mA, people will feel "numb"; when the current exceeds 8~10 mA, it is difficult for the human hand to get rid of the charged body. The current passing through the human body reaches 100 mA, as long as it is very short Over time, people's breathing will become suffocated and their heartbeat will stop. Therefore, the main cause of human electrocution death is large current passing through the human body. Practice has proven that it is safe only if the current is no higher than 30~40 mA and no higher than 36 volts.

2. Forms of electric shock:

(1) Single-line electric shock: A person standing on the ground touches a live wire or an object connected to the live wire.

(2) Double-wire electric shock: A person gets an electric shock when his hands touch the live wire and the ground wire respectively.

(3) High-voltage arc electric shock: When a person is close to a high-voltage line (or high-voltage charged object), air arc discharge is caused and electric shock occurs (lightning also occurs in this way).

(4) High-voltage step voltage and electric shock: When a person walks into a place where high-voltage power lines fall, the step voltage between the front and rear feet exceeds 36 volts and gets an electric shock.

3. Rules for safe use of electricity: Do not touch low-voltage charged objects (such as 220 volts), and do not approach high-voltage charged objects.

4. First aid for electric shock:

(1) Quickly cut off the power supply (open the main gate or main switch);

(2) Use dry wood Use sticks or bamboo sticks to open the power cord and quickly remove the person who got electrocuted from the power supply;

(3) When an electrical fire occurs, everyone must first cut off the power supply and then pour water to put out the fire;

( 4) Carry out artificial respiration and rescue

6. How to introduce the topic of electricity safety in kindergarten

It is recommended that you write a safety lesson plan first so that you have ideas. I have a sample essay here for your reference!

Activity goals:

1. Know that electricity is dangerous and understand where electricity is found in life.

2. Learn about electricity everywhere in our lives through *** the same game.

Activity process:

1. Introduction 1. The little white rabbit is moving to a new home. It needs a lot of things in its home. Let’s help it come up with ideas for what it needs. Where's the stuff?

2. It turns out that Little White Rabbit still needs so much furniture, as well as TV sets, refrigerators, washing machines, and lights. Do we have these things in our homes?

3. How can we make these things move? What do they need?

4. It turns out that these are electrical appliances, and only electricity can make them move. They are electrical appliances, and there are all kinds of electrical appliances in our lives.

2. Find electrical appliances 1. Show the sign of electricity (babys, do you know what I am holding? What sign is this? This is the sign of electricity) 2. Are there any in our classrooms? What about electrical appliances?

3. Let’s look for where there is an electrical appliance. When we find it, put the electrical sign on it.

4. ***Play the game together.

5. Let’s see if the babies have found the right kinds of electrical appliances in the classroom.

6. Check with the child.

3. Dangerous electricity 1. Electricity is also very dangerous. Do you know why?

2. What actions should we not do in daily life? (Guide children to explain why they cannot play with electrical appliances or touch electric plugs.) 3. Children understand the danger of electric shock.

4. Let’s discuss what else is dangerous besides electricity.