Creating information for the 60th anniversary of the Young Pioneers

The history of the Young Pioneers

The Chinese Young Pioneers is an advanced organization for children in China. It was established under the direct care of the Communist Party of China and has been in existence for more than 70 years. It's history.

The development of children's revolutionary organizations has developed with the development of China's revolutionary situation and can be roughly divided into five stages: namely, the Labor Scouts during the Northern Expedition from 1924 to 1927; The Communist Children's League during the Agrarian Revolutionary War; the Anti-Japanese Children's League during the Anti-Japanese War from 1937 to 1945; the Young Pioneers established from 1946 to 1949; the national unified organization Zao China was established after the founding of New China in 1949 The Children's Team was later renamed the China Young Pioneers.

Over the past 70 years, our children's organizations have played a huge role in cultivating generations of useful talents for the Chinese revolution and national construction. The following group will introduce her glorious history in stages:

Working Children's League

China in the 1920s and 1930s was a semi-colonial and semi-feudal country, with internal and external troubles, and the people's Living a life of extreme poverty, most children cannot even afford to eat, let alone go to school. They went to farm and work at a young age, or worked as slaves for wealthy people, leading an inhuman life.

In 1924, the new Communist Party of China and the Kuomintang cooperated to launch the Northern Expedition to overthrow the unreasonable system. While leading the masses of workers and peasants to make revolution, the party established working children's leagues in Wuhan, Shanghai, Tianjin, Tangshan, Guangdong, Hunan, Jiangxi, Hainan and many other places, attracting a large number of heavy workers, apprentices, poor children and primary school students to join.

***The Youth League is entrusted by the Party to lead the work where labor is more important than the League. In 1926, the resolution made at the third enlarged meeting of the Communist Youth League clearly stipulated: Educating children, cultivating their spirit of brave sacrifice and habits of group life, and training them to become warriors who will continue the revolution in the future are the fundamental goals of the Communist Party of China. *The important mission of the Youth League. Under the direct leadership of the Communist Youth League, the Working Children's League developed rapidly and achieved great results.

In the city, the working boy league members followed their father and brothers to participate in strikes against capitalist exploitation and demonstrations against imperialism and warlords. Their slogan is: "Prepare to overthrow imperialism! Prepare to overthrow the warlords! Prepare to be the masters of the world!" In the countryside, the Working Children's League played an active role in fighting local tyrants, cracking down on gambling, and breaking superstitions.

While the Labor Boy League was flourishing, in 1927, Chiang Kai-shek, who betrayed the revolution, launched the bloody "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup. A large number of revolutionary aspirants and communists were brutally murdered, and the revolution Suffering great damage, the development of the Working Children's League was also forced to reach a low ebb.

The Communist Children's League

The Nanchang Uprising (1927) led by Zhou Enlai, Zhu De and others fired the first shot against the reactionaries. Immediately afterwards, under the leadership of Comrade Mao Zedong, the Autumn Harvest Uprising was held, the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army was created, and rural revolutionary base areas were opened. The Chinese revolution embarked on the correct path of encircling the cities from the countryside.

During the Agrarian Revolutionary War from 1927 to 1936, the party established the Communist Children’s League for children in the Soviet area of ????the revolutionary base area. The party entrusted the Communist Youth League to lead the Communist Children’s League. .

In 1930, the Third Plenary Session of the Fifth Central Committee of the Communist Youth League was held. The plenary session pointed out in the resolution that the nature of the children's movement is a "socialist children's movement" and its mission is to "educate children in a communist spirit". The slogan is "Be prepared, always be prepared." The *** Youth League has established children's bureaus from the central government to the league headquarters at all levels to lead the work of the children's league. Children in the Soviet area generally participated in the Communist Children's League. Under the leadership of the Communist Youth League, they actively participated in learning and various revolutionary activities.

An important task of the Children's League at that time was to enable the vast majority of children to study in Lenin Primary School through propaganda and mobilization. At the same time, every year on Children's Day, the National Children's League holds a grand review to review academic performance, field exercises and games, etc. It is lively, interesting and educational, and is very popular with children.

The children's league members also actively responded to the party's call, publicized the expansion of the Red Army, and carried out activities to support the army and give priority to their families in lively and diverse forms.

For example, children's league members in Hunan and Jiangxi organized fan teams to deliver water and fans to Red Army soldiers during their breaks. The "Young Boys Saturday" voluntary labor organized by the Children's League is mainly to help the families of the Red Army do what they can, and it is also very meaningful and influential.

At the same time, in the battle to defend the Soviet areas, many young heroes who sacrificed their lives heroically emerged from the Communist Children's League, leaving behind many touching stories.

Anti-Japanese Children’s League

The period from 1937 to 1945 was a magnificent period of the Anti-Japanese War in Chinese history. Anti-Japanese Children’s League organizations were established in many anti-Japanese base areas under the leadership of the Party.

Under the leadership of the Youth National Salvation Association, members of the Anti-Japanese Children's League actively participated in the struggle against Japan and national salvation. Together with the anti-Japanese military and civilians, they participated extensively in various anti-Japanese activities and were very active.

The tasks of the Anti-Japanese Children's League are: to propagate the fight against Japan; to detect the enemy's situation and catch traitors; to stand guard and deliver letters; to respect the anti-Japanese war officers and soldiers; to help the anti-Japanese subordinates to do their work; and to learn and produce without stopping.

From the black soil in the northeast to the loess plateau in northwestern Shanxi, from northern Jiangsu to the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border area, anti-Japanese children’s league members were active everywhere.

By 1940, there were 70,000 children's league members in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, 180,000 youth league and children's league members in the liberated areas of northern Jiangsu, and 600,000 children's league members in the North China Anti-Japanese Base Area. They were the main force of the anti-Japanese children's league at that time.

Among them, the most active and outstanding one is the Children's Corps of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region. They stand guard, catch traitors, and send intelligence. They use their young age and unnoticed characteristics to go deep behind enemy lines and complete their tasks brilliantly. . In the Shanxi and Hebei areas, there is still a story about the little sheepherding hero Wang Erxiao who introduced the Japanese into the Eighth Route Army encirclement. The Anti-Japanese Children's League of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Border Region also carried out the "Five Nos Movement": do not lead the way for the enemy; do not send messages to the enemy; do not eat the enemy's candy; do not read the enemy's books; do not tell the enemy where the food is stored

Young Pioneers and Children’s League during the War of Liberation

In August 1945, Japanese imperialism surrendered. After eight years of hard work, China’s Anti-Japanese War finally achieved a great victory. Facing the fruits of victory, Chiang Kai-shek turned his gun and snatched wildly. The people will not allow the reactionaries to continue to dominate. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, after more than three years of liberation war, we finally overthrew the three mountains that were weighing on the Chinese people and achieved victory. A great victory in the War of Liberation.

In the People's Liberation War, the Young Pioneers and Children's Leagues in the liberated areas led by the party and the underground Young Pioneers in the Kuomintang-controlled areas all made their own contributions.

In 1946, Chiang Kai-shek's reactionary troops attacked the liberated areas. The Children's Corps of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region and the Children's Corps of the Shanxi-Suiyuan Border Region conducted military drills, stood guard, rescued the wounded, and actively provided support. At the same time, they also fought against landlords during the land reform movement in the liberated areas, guarded property, raised food and supplies, and did a lot of logistical work for the frontline generals.

In enemy-occupied areas, the Party’s underground organizations established underground Young Pioneers organizations such as the Newsboy Guards and the Temuer Regiment. They secretly printed leaflets and posted slogans to publicize the revolutionary situation. They also sneaked into the heart of the enemy and provided intelligence to the People's Liberation Army.

The Young Pioneers and Children's League members during the War of Liberation grew up and exercised in the war, and truly achieved the training goals stipulated in the team charter when the Young Pioneers organization was established in the Shanxi-Suiyuan Border Region in 1946, that is, " Cultivate a generation of young children, improve their cultural and political levels, develop their learning skills and social knowledge, and cultivate talents for an independent, free, democratic, unified and prosperous New China."

The Chinese Young Pioneers of New China

On October 1, 1949, the bright five-star red flag rose slowly in front of Tiananmen Square, and the People's Republic of China was born. The people have stood up since then! ·The birth of New China opened the way for the healthy growth of the generation of children and adolescents, and provided conditions for the smooth development of work for children and adolescents.

As early as January 1949, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China promulgated (the resolution on the establishment of the China New Democratic Youth League). In the resolution, the establishment of children's organizations in New China was listed as one of the four tasks of the regiment. In October, the Central Committee of the New Democratic Youth League of China officially promulgated (Resolution on the Establishment of the Chinese Children’s Team). In June 1953, it was renamed the Chinese Young Pioneers.

The Young Pioneers inherited the fine tradition of the Children’s League during the revolutionary war years and used the red scarf as its symbol, symbolizing the victory of the revolution. Fight for the cause of communism!" as his slogan, he devoted himself to the fiery revolution and production study: in the early days of liberation, the active figures of the Young Pioneers could be seen in the land reform, the suppression of counterrevolution, and the movement to resist U.S. aggression and aid Korea. They attended denunciation meetings, visited the Shanghai Reform Exhibition, and stood sentinel to supervise the landlord elements; through reading newspapers and discussions, they knew that the hidden reactionaries were still waiting for opportunities to undermine the revolution, so they must keep their eyes open and be vigilant; in order to support the volunteers, the Young Pioneers They wrote letters of condolences to uncles in the volunteer army, sent New Year's cards, and used their labor income to donate the "Red Scarf" aircraft to contribute to the defense of their homes and the country. In the struggle against the Three Antis and Five Antis, many young pioneers participated in the Three Do's and Three Don'ts activities with the content of "protect public property, cherish time, work hard and be simple, do not benefit yourself at the expense of others, do not waste, do not take petty gains and take other people's things." During the first Five-Year Plan period, the Young Pioneers carried out the "Little Five-Year Plan" activities, collecting scrap metal, donating tractors, planting trees and oil, and supporting socialist construction. In 1963, Chairman Mao issued a great call to "learn from Comrade Lei Feng." The Young Pioneers took active actions to learn from Comrade Lei Feng's spirit of serving the people wholeheartedly, to do good deeds without leaving their name, and not to be self-interested but to benefit others. At the same time, the Young Pioneers also carried out extensive and regular activities such as eliminating the four pests, promoting hygiene, and planting trees, all of which achieved good results. However, during the unprecedented "Cultural Revolution", the Young Pioneers organization was destroyed, and the name Young Pioneers was also cancelled. They were replaced by the "Red Soldiers", which had the wrong organizational nature and violated the rules of growth and work of children and children. organize. After ten years of civil strife, the First Plenary Session of the 10th Central Committee of the Communist Youth League restored the name of China's Young Pioneers, and the work of the Young Pioneers became active again, with "We Love Science" and "Large Castor Planting" campaigns carried out across the country. Lively, interesting and educational activities such as "Four Modernizations" and "Five Lectures and Four Beauties" have cultivated a generation of new people who are "oriented towards modernization, the world and the future". From July 25 to August 4, 1984, the Youth League Central Committee and the Ministry of Education jointly held the "China Young Pioneers Members and Counselors Representative Conference" in Beijing. At this meeting, the National Working Committee of the China Young Pioneers was established. That is, the Young Working Committee. Li Yuanchao, then secretary of the Secretariat of the Youth League Central Committee, served as the first director of the Youth Working Committee. From then on, the Youth Working Committee became the main leading organ for the work of the Young Pioneers under the leadership of the Youth League Central Committee. Under the leadership of the Youth Working Committee, the work of the Young Pioneers has flourished and a number of national Young Pioneers activities have been carried out. Among them, in November 1984, the national "Creation Cup" Young Pioneers activity competition jointly launched by the National Youth Working Committee, China Youth Newspaper, and Counselor Magazine had a very wide impact. After the event was launched, Young Pioneers organizations across the country responded positively. More than 330,000 Young Pioneers collectively participated in the "Creation Cup" competition. 10,000 Young Pioneers collectively or "Creation Cup" were selected, and 150 Young Pioneers collectively won the award. Collective "Best Event Award". The activities not only cultivated the creative aspirations and talents of children and young people, but also provided them with a profound education in communist ideology.

With the further deepening of my country's reform and opening up, the work of the Young Pioneers has also developed in the reform: in 1989, the National Young Pioneers carried out an extensive "Learn from Lai Ning" activity, learning from Lai Ning's courage to practice, not only facing danger, but also comprehensively Development and the spirit of loving the motherland; in August 1991, labor practice activities to cultivate qualified 21st century successors were launched across the country, making it clear that the work of the Young Pioneers should be centered on economic construction and focused on cultivating talents. In 1993, the National Youth Working Committee launched the (Cross-century Chinese Young Eagle Action) plan. The basic purpose and goal of "Operation Eagle" is to guide and help children and teenagers learn to survive, take care of themselves and discipline themselves; learn to serve and be willing to help others; learn to create, pursue true knowledge, and improve their overall quality. At the same time, the "Hand-in-Hand" mutual aid activities have shaped the excellent behavior and character of the Young Pioneers; the "Five-Self" learning and practice activities have cultivated the basic essential qualities of the Young Pioneers. In the process of carrying out these activities, the infrastructure construction of the Young Pioneers has been continuously strengthened, the degree of socialization has been further improved, and the quality of counselors has also been significantly improved...

The work of the Young Pioneers in the new era has encountered unprecedented opportunities. , developing rapidly.

We firmly believe that the Young Pioneers organization with its glorious history will make greater contributions to cultivating and creating qualified builders and successors for the cross-century socialist cause in the new historical period.