202 1 fire safety education and publicity knowledge

Fire safety Fire safety is closely related to our life. If you don't pay attention to fire safety, the consequences will be unimaginable. Next, I will sort out the propaganda knowledge about 202 1 fire safety education. Welcome to reading.

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First, what should I do if I find a fire?

If you find a fire, you should shout loudly or knock on something that can make a sound, such as washbasin and aluminum pot, to call more people to participate in the fire fighting, and call "1 19" to call the fire department quickly. Please pay attention to the following details when dialing "1 19":

1 and "1 19" fire telephones (preferably fixed telephones) should be calm. When you hear the dial tone, dial the number 1 19.

2. After the telephone is connected, the address of the fire (including road name, street name, lane name and house number) shall be clearly stated.

3, as far as possible, explain what is the fire and fire scope, and the number of people trapped.

4. Quietly answer the questions of the communication staff of the "ll9" main console.

5, after the phone hang up, should send someone to meet the fire truck at the intersection.

Second, the three elements of fire fighting

1, follow the wind to avoid being burned by fire.

2, the root fire, the effect is the most thorough.

3, 2-3 meters from the root, the best distance. The effective distance of the fire extinguisher is only 4.5 meters.

Third, the use of portable dry powder fire extinguishers

1. Put the fire extinguisher on the ground, hold the bottleneck with your left hand, hook the safety pin with your right index finger and pull it gently. Don't hold the handle hard with your left hand.

2. Pick up the cylinder, hold the bottom of the cylinder with your left hand and squeeze the handle with your right hand.

3, when the fire cylinder should be tilted down 45 degrees.

4. The pointer of the gas cylinder pressure gauge points to the red area, indicating that the fire extinguisher is invalid, and those pointing to the yellow and green areas can be used normally.

4. What material fires can't be put out by water?

1, alkali metals cannot be extinguished with water. Because water reacts with alkali metals (such as potassium and sodium), it can decompose water to produce hydrogen and release a lot of heat, which is easy to cause explosion.

2. Residual alkali metal carbides and alkali metal hydrides cannot be extinguished by water, such as potassium carbide, sodium carbide, aluminum carbide and calcium carbide. Potassium hydride and magnesium chloride react with water, releasing a lot of heat, which may cause fire and explosion.

3. Flammable liquids that are lighter than water and insoluble in water shall not be extinguished with water in principle.

4. Hot metal and molten steel cannot be put out with water. Because the temperature of molten steel is about 1600℃, water vapor can decompose hydrogen and oxygen above 1000℃, which may cause explosion.

5, three acids (sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid) can't use concentrated water, spray water can be used when necessary.

6, high voltage electrical equipment is on fire, in the absence of good equipment grounding or without cutting off the current, generally can't use water to put out the fire.

Five, the fire should follow the principle of "three rescues".

1, smoke prevention. Cover your nose and mouth with a wet towel for 3-8 layers (only 3-5 minutes). If there are no conditions, you can sprinkle urine on your clothes to prevent smoking.

2. Grasp the direction and escape. When a fire breaks out, it is the best choice to use stairs, evacuation passages and open stairs with weak smoke or unburned fire to escape. But when the environment is opaque or unfamiliar, get up from the ground to find the wall, follow the wall to find the door (clockwise or counterclockwise) and escape from the door.

3. Use tools to escape. For fires below the third floor, use ropes in time (or tear windows and sheets into long strips), and tie them firmly to objects that can bear loads, such as water pipes or heating pipes. The other end hangs from the window to the ground or the lower balcony, and then slide down along the ropes to escape from the fire. Fire on the 4th-6th floors can be escaped with fire hydrants.

Six, the specific content of the "72-word formula" for fire escape

Familiar with the environment, easy to find the exit; If a fire is found, call the police early; Stay calm and flee in an orderly manner; Simple protection, prostrate and bend; Carefully enter the elevator and transfer to the corridor; Slow down and escape, not wait to rely on; The fire has burned you, don't run; It is better to stick to it if you are trapped indoors; Escape from a dangerous place, neither greedy nor noisy.

Fire protection knowledge in daily life

1, don't play with fire, don't fiddle with electrical equipment at will.

2. Don't throw cigarette butts, matchsticks and other kindling in the wastebasket or combustible sundries at will, and don't smoke on the bed or sofa.

3. It is forbidden to use firewood, firewood, charcoal, coal, etc. to make a fire. As a fuel, outdoor smoking and open flame operation are prohibited in windy days or high fire danger weather.

4, before going to bed, must use electrical appliances, turn off the gas switch, eliminate the legacy of fire. When the electrical equipment is not used for a long time, cut off the switch or unplug the bolt.

5. Keep a safe distance of 1 m or more between liquefied gas cylinders and stoves. When in use, first open the air valve and then ignite; After use, turn off the gas valve first, and then turn off the stove switch. Do not dump the residual liquid of liquefied petroleum gas at will. In case of gas leakage, quickly close the gas source valve, open the doors and windows for ventilation, don't touch the electrical switch and use naked flame, and don't make phone calls or mobile phones in the gas leakage place.

6. Don't use fire or store items in stairwells and public walkways. Do not use fire in the shed, do not store inflammable and explosive articles, and do not maintain motor vehicles. Don't smoke or use fire in the no-fire area.

7. Call the fire alarm number 1 19 immediately after finding the fire, state the detailed address, fire location, fire substance and fire size, leave your name and phone number, and send someone to meet the fire truck at the intersection.

8. Once there is a fire at home, you must keep calm. For the initial fire, the combustible materials near the fire point should be cleaned up quickly, and simple fire extinguishing equipment such as bedding and water should be used to control and extinguish the fire quickly. Don't open the doors and windows rashly when putting out the fire, so as to avoid air convection and accelerate the spread of the fire.

9, master the basic methods of fire escape, clear residential environment, familiar with the escape route. When the fire comes, you should escape quickly, and don't be greedy for property, so as not to lose the chance of escape. Don't carry heavy objects on the way to escape, and don't risk returning to the fire after fleeing from the fire.

10, when fleeing from the fire, keep calm and correctly estimate the fire. If the fire is not big, make a decisive decision and put on soaked clothes, bedding, etc. Run towards the safety exit. Don't take the elevator when you escape. Close the door behind you when you escape to prevent smoke from entering.

1 1. There is a fire downstairs. Residents upstairs should not open the door to watch or rush downstairs to escape. They should close the door tightly. They can block the door with soaked sheets and curtains or stick tape on it. If the door is very hot, you can splash water to cool it down.

12. If the escape route is blocked by fire, you can move to the balcony or the window where the ladder car is set, and send out a distress signal by flashing a flashlight, waving clothes or calling for help.

Family fire prevention knowledge

-No..

Don't use high-power appliances for a long time. The weather is hot, air conditioners and other refrigeration equipment are used frequently, and some families even let air conditioners "work" day and night. The air conditioner has high power, so it should be turned off for a period of time after long-term use to prevent the accessories from heating or the circuit from aging, which may cause a fire.

Two didn't.

Don't let household appliances work with illness. If household appliances are broken, they must be repaired in time, and they must never be allowed to work "sick"; Choosing a good socket is equally important to avoid fire.

Three didn't.

Don't smoke at will, pay attention to safety hazards. Some residents do not pay attention to fire safety when smoking, such as smoking outdoors, littering cigarette butts, smoking in some fire-forbidden places or smoking in bed on windy days, which may easily lead to fire accidents.

Four didn't.

Don't let the children play with fire, and do a good job of guardianship. Some parents often don't pay enough attention to their children's fire prevention education and lack warnings. Children are very interested in kindling, which makes some children play open fire games in places with more combustible materials. Playing with fire in a house with matches or lighters may cause a fire accident.

Five didn't.

Don't pile up garbage and park vehicles in the corridor of the unit, and keep the fire escape unblocked, which is very important for fire safety. For convenience, some residents often park their bicycles, battery cars or other items at the exit of stairs or on the corridor. Once a fire breaks out, the fire escape will be blocked, which will affect the evacuation and cause unnecessary casualties.

Six. No.

Don't seal the window. In order to ensure the air conditioning effect, some families will seal the balcony and windows, which directly leads to the inability of indoor air to alternate with outdoor air. Once a gas leak occurs, it will often cause serious consequences. Make sure that the gas valve is in the closed position before leaving home and going to sleep at night; If there is gas leakage, quickly close the valve and open the doors and windows; Don't panic, don't use open flames.

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