What are the world famous naval battles?

Judging from the oldest war record of mankind, warships and naval battles occupy the most important position. Naval warfare is an extension of land warfare, but it is not just an extension of land warfare.

For some sea power countries, from the earliest Athens to the later Britain, it can be said that land power is only an extension of sea power. Who can control the ocean, who can control the land, the historical facts of the past two thousand years have repeatedly proved this point. The following are the ten most important naval battles in human history.

Issue 10: Jutland naval battle

Jutland naval battle is the second largest naval battle in human history (the first naval battle is Wright Bay naval battle) and the largest battleship battle in history. British troops dispatched 28 battleships and 9 battle cruiser. The Germans also dispatched 16 battleships and 5 battle cruiser. However, it is not the scale of the battle that makes Jutland one of the most important naval battles in history.

In this World War I, although the British lost three battle cruiser ships, they actually successfully "hanged" the German ocean fleet. With the reconnaissance support of avant-garde troops in battle cruiser, the main battleship twice scared the Germans to turn around and escape at 65,438+0.80 degrees, and even forced them to launch a suicide charge with battle cruiser in order to escape.

As we all know, World War I was a war of attrition, and Germany on the European continent could not be self-sufficient. After the failure of 19 14, the Germans were blocked at sea. The Jutland naval battle was the only time that the Germans made up their minds to mobilize the entire navy and tried to break through the blockade.

Then it was completely defeated by the powerful British fleet. From then on, until the surrender of 19 18, the whole army was escorted to Britain for custody, and the German navy never dared to leave the port again (except submarines). It can be said that it was the Jutland naval battle that broke the last glimmer of hope for the Germans to win World War I.

Ninth place: Battle of Yakexing (365438 BC+0 BC)

In 3 1 year BC, the Roman Republic was on the threshold of changing from a * * * system to a monarchy. Caesar, Pompeii, Cato Jr., Scipio and other giants have all died. The young generation Octavian and Anthony are vying for the throne of Rome. Each side assembled 300 warships, and finally Octavian defeated the joint forces of Antony and Cleopatra and won the rule of Rome.

Ten famous naval battles that changed world history

This war, although it seems to be just a civil war. But it has a greater impact on world history. Octavian's capital is in Rome, but Anthony's capital is in Egypt. If Wu Dawei wins, Rome will become a closed empire with the nationality of the Romans as the core.

If Anthony wins, Rome will become an open empire that inherits Alexander's open thought, continues to expand eastward and pursues national integration. Facts have proved that under Octavian's leadership, although Rome won long-term peace, it gradually lost its vitality and fighting spirit, and eventually it was gradually invaded and destroyed by barbarians.

Eighth place: Battle of Midway Island (1942)

1June, 942, the Japanese empire was in its heyday. However, in the naval battle of midway, the powerful Nanyun mobile unit was ambushed by the US Pacific Fleet, and lost four aircraft carriers and 1 heavy cruiser. The US military lost only one aircraft carrier and one destroyer. This is also the first failure of the Japanese navy since its establishment at the end of 19.

Of course, the significance of this naval battle goes far beyond this. Everyone knows that it was the Pacific War that decided Japan's fate in World War II. Here, the Japanese navy originally formulated a set of "fortress+mobile reserve" defense strategy. Build airports on Pacific islands, set up defensive positions, and arrange long-range combat aircraft on the islands as aviation defense lines.

If the Americans attack an island, they will send a mobile reserve consisting of aircraft carriers to attack the American fleet near the island. In the Battle of Midway, the loss of four aircraft carriers destroyed the Japanese mobile reserve, which prevented them from concentrating enough troops to resist the American attack in the next three years' island battle, losing one after another and never winning any battle.

It can be said that although the Japanese faced the incomparable United States, they never had a chance to win. But it was the Battle of Midway that destroyed his chances of drawing with the United States or at least delaying the war. The rapid liberation of the people in East Asia is also one of the indirect consequences of the naval battle on Midway Island.

Seventh place: against Malaysia (1905)

If you want to choose the most one-sided naval battle in the history of the world, you will definitely be among the best in the naval battle in Malaysia. Since 1904, Japan and Russia have waged the Russo-Japanese War for the control of Northeast China. At this time, Japan's prestige of defeating the Qing Empire by 10 years ago is booming, while decadent Russia still has great strength, but it has become a faulty machine.

Ten famous naval battles that changed world history

In order to support the Pacific fleet that has been blocked by the Japanese army in Lushun since the beginning of the war. The Russian navy mobilized the most advanced, newest and most powerful battleships from the Baltic Sea to form the Second Pacific Fleet, and later added the Third Pacific Fleet composed of the battleship Honest. The entire fleet has as many as eight battleships.

In contrast, the Japanese army that lost two battleships due to lightning strikes only had four battleships. But even so, when the Russians crossed the ocean and sailed 18000 nautical miles to the Sea of Japan. The Japanese navy, which has been preserving its strength for several months, intercepted Ma Haixia and completely destroyed it with precise firepower and superb and bold tactical maneuvers, becoming a textbook-style classic naval battle.

The significance of the horse naval battle lies in. At that time, the land battlefield of the Russo-Japanese War was deadlocked. Although Russia lost in the early stage, it has assembled hundreds of thousands of troops ready to launch a counterattack. As a small country, Japan's national strength has actually been exhausted.

Ten famous naval battles that changed world history

However, the news of defeat in the naval battle against Malaysia hit Russia from top to bottom. Suddenly, morale was completely lost, the momentum of the domestic uprising began to surface, and the army had no intention of fighting, which led to the tsar having to make peace with the Japanese monkey he despised.

After the naval battle against Malaysia, the Japanese became the overlord of East Asia with the prestige of defeating the white forces. On the other hand, Russia is caught in a whirlpool of turmoil and domestic contradictions. Finally, Japan became one of the world powers before World War II, but Russia was completely overthrown.

Sixth place: Lvliang naval battle (1598)

1598, Japan's invasion of Korea was a spent force, and they could only hold a few port fortresses on the south coast. At this time, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, who ruled Japan, had just died of illness, and no one in the Japanese army wanted to stay in North Korea for one more day.

The first Japanese army, Konishi Yukinaga, was surrounded by the Ming army and could not move. Shimadzu Yoshihiro had to lead the fleet to rescue. However, they were attacked by the joint fleet of Deng Zilong, the general of Ming army, and Li Shunchen, the general of North Korea, and were almost wiped out. The joint navy of China and North Korea surrounded 500 Japanese warships with 800 warships in the exposed waters, almost all of them were wiped out, and thousands of Japanese soldiers died.

Ten famous naval battles that changed world history

After World War I, until the end of 19, the Japanese did not dare to invade the Asian continent again. In addition, the Ming dynasty always refused to establish diplomatic relations with Japan, and then Japan implemented a closed-door policy. As a result, Japan dared not set foot on the Asian continent for nearly three centuries and quietly locked itself up.

Fifth place: Battle of Trafalgar (1805)

Do you really think Napoleon really lost in Moscow, Leipzig and Waterloo? No! All wet. The fate of this great emperor was laid as early as 1805. A great and shrewd strategist like Napoleon knew for a long time that his real enemy was only one, and that was Britain.

Ten famous naval battles that changed world history

The most effective way to defeat Britain is to land in the British Isles. But why not land first? The British bribed Prussia, Austria and Russia to threaten France from land. The second is to defeat the French fleet from the sea.

On June 265438+1October 2 1, 1805, two fleets met in the waters near Trafalgar, Spain, and a decisive battle was inevitable. The fighting lasted for five hours. Due to the superiority of the British army in command, tactics and training, the French joint fleet suffered a decisive blow. The coach Villeneuve was captured and 2 1 warship was captured.

British Commander-in-Chief horatio nelson vice admiral was also killed in the battle. After this battle, the elite of the French navy was lost, and Napoleon was forced to give up his plan to attack the British mainland. Britain's position as a maritime hegemon was consolidated.

Ten famous naval battles that changed world history

Trafalgar naval battle is the largest naval battle between wooden sailboats equipped with solid shells. The war freed Britain from the threat of Napoleon's invasion. Someone said, "A Trafalgar and a Moscow ousted the mighty Napoleon."

Fourth place: Battle of Baijiangkou (663)

In 663 AD, the Japanese Army (with more than 400 warships) and Tang Jun (with 120 warships) launched a fierce naval battle in the Baijiangkou of Korea. Liu Tang Gui Ren ordered the fleet to change formation, divided into two teams, and surrounded the Japanese army. Their ships collided with each other and couldn't turn around, so the soldiers were in chaos. In the end, all Japanese warships were burned and tens of thousands of Japanese soldiers were killed or drowned.

Smashed Japan's ambition to invade the Korean peninsula, and Japan did not dare to use force against North Korea for the next thousand years. And obediently sent envoys to study in the Tang Dynasty for nearly 1000 years. Then he wanted to be a grandfather, and Liang Luhai was beaten again and went back to be a grandson for 300 years!

Third place: Defeat the Spanish Armada (1588)

16th century, the Middle Ages in Europe just ended. Spain expelled the Arabs from the Iberian Peninsula and established a big country in Europe. At that time, Britain was still a less powerful island country. However, in the battle of Gravorin, the British navy used surprise attack tactics to completely defeat the Spanish armada that ruled the ocean and almost completely destroyed it.

Ten famous naval battles that changed world history

How did Britain become the largest ocean empire that has informed the world ocean for 300 years in human history? It is this battle of Gravorin! Since then, the Spanish Empire, which colonized America, has gone downhill. Britain won the Atlantic Ocean and finally pushed the country into a period of rapid development.

Second place: Battle of Leibanto (157 1)

Modern western countries are all Christian countries, but Christianity is in a precarious situation more than once. On the ground, Leo, the emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire, and Charlie, the hammer of the Frankish King, held the two ends of the Christian world respectively. But at sea, until16th century, the Ottoman Empire, which believed in Islam, continued to expand the sea power in the Mediterranean.

Ten famous naval battles that changed world history

Until 157 1, almost the whole Christian world, led by Spain, joined forces to form a joint fleet, which fought the Turks in the battle of Leibanto and finally defeated the latter. The Battle of Leibanto was not only the last great naval battle in the rowing era. Until today, it has also divided the boundaries between the Christian world and the Islamic world.

No. 1: Battle of Salamis (480 BC)

In 480 BC, King Xue Xisi of Persia, who occupied five quarters of the world (except China), led hundreds of thousands of troops to invade Greece. The whole western world is in jeopardy and is about to fall under the iron hoof of Asia. After the Hot Spring Pass, Xue Xisi attacked Athens all the way, turning this center of Greek civilization into ruins.

All Athenian citizens moved to Salamis Island. Here, unite all the Greeks who resisted the Persian invasion and fight to the death with the Persians in the Salamis Strait. Taking advantage of the narrow terrain of the strait, only 300 warships defeated the Persians of 600 warships. After the First World War, Xue Xisi felt that his authority had been shaken, because he was worried that the newly conquered people would launch a rebellion in the rear, so he left Greece.

In the second year, the Greek army defeated the Persian army and recovered Athens. Although the naval battle was not a great victory militarily. But as historians know. The battle of Salamis is undoubtedly the pillar of western civilization.

Without this naval battle, the Greeks would never be able to resist the Persian land and sea attacks. If Greece is destroyed, Greek culture will also be destroyed. It is the achievements and influence of Greek culture that created the whole western world today. Therefore, the Salamis naval battle, as a single naval battle, had an impact on the world, ranking first in the world.

Refer to China Military Network.