Exploring the theory of earth science large system and opening up new prospects of human civilization

The ecological environment is deteriorating, resources are being consumed, and the population is increasing. For the sustainable development of mankind, it is necessary to rapidly develop high technology and plan and develop new countermeasures. Based on the needs of human development and the trend of scientific theory, this paper discusses the viewpoint of the comprehensive theoretical transition of large-scale systems in various categories of earth sciences, and puts forward the theory of high dominance of overall material-thermodynamic movement in lithosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere and ecological environment with the thermal power of deep magma as the main chain. Establish a new high-tech observation (monitoring) system.

key words: large-scale system theory of earth science; Geothermal dynamics; Global change and sustainable development countermeasures; Circle dynamic coupling; Vertical thermal power chain; Energy-resource series; Ecological environment series; Disaster series; Earth evolution and ecological environment change; Comparative geology of stars; Theoretical geology

In the long historical process, in order to survive and develop, human beings have accumulated rich knowledge and experience in the struggle against nature, and in the past 2 years, more than a dozen modern earth sciences and interdisciplinary disciplines such as geography, geology, ocean, meteorology and environment have been formed. Combine social needs and get corresponding development. In recent 2 years, with the increasing scope of economic development and the rapid growth of engineering scale, the development of contemporary human beings is facing a series of complex situations, such as sluggish development of productive forces, shortage of energy and resources, deterioration of ecological environment and disaster impact, and the conflict between human beings and the natural environment of the earth is obviously tense. China's geographical, geological, natural and economic conditions are complex, with a large population and fragile ecological environment foundation. At present, it is in a special period of productivity development, so the contradiction between man and land is more acute and complicated, and the losses are becoming more and more serious. The new trend indicates that the development of human beings is facing all-round scientific and technological challenges, and the theoretical methods of single discipline can no longer solve these complex scientific and technological problems comprehensively. Earth science is at a new turning point in history. It is urgent to make use of the new information background and the original foundations of various disciplines under the new situation, adjust the internal structure, regroup, explore the overall law, develop high commanding theory, improve the vertical and horizontal insight level of earth science theory, and improve the comprehensive ability and economic and technological benefits of solving practical problems.

in recent years, aerospace remote sensing, deep geophysical survey and ultra-deep drilling have provided earth science with abundant global and regional macro information and deep profile data of all circles of the earth, and remarkable progress has also been made in micro and ultra-micro research. A large number of scientific discoveries and lessons from economic construction reveal that the weakness of earth science lies in its isolation and superficial treatment of the earth's large-scale system movement, and many interdisciplinary, high-level and deep-seated law theories cannot be analyzed and distinguished. The progress of single discipline is limited by the complex background, and the concepts, theories and practical ecological environment of many disciplines have changed greatly, such as glaciers, floods, droughts, earthquakes, volcanoes and the extinction of early human civilization points, such as the disappearance of Mayan civilization, the sinking of Daxie, the collapse of Pompeii, the death hill incident in India, and the rise and fall of ancient humans. The driving force of these ecological events is far from being explained by the external force of the earth, but comes from the stronger thermodynamic conditions in the ground background, and of course it may also include a small amount of astronomical reasons. As the solar system as a whole, the internal upsurge and the thermal oscillation of the solar system are also a unified process.

to sum up, the changes of global ecological environment include the changes of low-energy state of exoplanet power and the violent catastrophes of high-energy state of intense thermal power in the earth, which are comprehensively manifested in a certain time and space domain, among which the catastrophes of high-energy state in the earth are the background, the background, the foundation, the mainstream and the essence. The external force movement is induced, weak and slow, which is 1 ~ 2 orders of magnitude lower than the background in the ground from the overall energy level and results. At present, we confuse them a little regardless of primary and secondary, so we make mistakes in theory and direction, which leads to a series of bad results in exploration and research. The global ecological environment change research plan involves a wide range and complexity of disciplines, social humanities and technical and economic issues. The existing achievements are far from truly revealing the internal laws, distinguishing the background changes of nature from the influence of human society, and making comprehensive and accurate scientific inferences and effective countermeasures. It is a complex and long-term mission of the earth science community. It is suggested that experts in related disciplines think and demonstrate, so as to further clarify the global ecological environment change and the direction of scientific research for sustainable development, adjust the plan, accelerate the development of the theory of comprehensive large-scale system of earth science, seek a more modern observation and monitoring technical environment, and strive to make greater contributions to the prosperity of human civilization.

the theoretical direction is correct, and then it is necessary to develop a set of exploration (monitoring) technology, research methods and strategies that reflect the level of contemporary science and technology.

Therefore, the research center will be re-adjusted to face the whole earth's natural environment and the whole system dynamics research, deeply analyze global changes and regional ecological environment changes, and advance the development of earth science large-scale system theory with global change characteristics. Among them, the detection potential of remote sensing technology in this field needs to be vigorously developed, so as to form the corresponding scientific and technological research level and prediction ability as soon as possible. Therefore, it is suggested that:

(1) the space-based remote sensing technology system should be developed in combination with global ecological environment changes, and the potential of fine images and macroscopic weak abnormal remote sensing data should be developed, and various types of dynamic signs should be summarized. Space remote sensing is a promising continuous earth observation system at present, and its spatial, temporal and spectral resolution is rapidly improving. In the past 3 years, a large number of changes in the earth's ecological environment have also been discovered. Due to the lack of special scientific research tasks, little progress has been made. This does not mean that the basic basis for studying global environmental changes cannot be developed in a large number of remote sensing databases, but that there is insufficient attention, investment and research.

(2) Based on the center of the earth and the geoid as a reference, establish a global dynamic coordinate system that can mark the movement of high, middle and low-level substances and energy, and establish a multi-disciplinary comprehensive database of global ecological environment changes and natural background changes, taking into account the influence factors of extraterrestrial astronomy in the past 2.5 million years.

(3) Based on the vertical columnar (including ocean and land) geological-ecological environment chain model of the earth's deep thermal power, 2-3 ground monitoring stations and air-ground comparison calibration fields are set up at the sensitive point of the global real thermal activity, which mainly monitor the heat flow value in the ground, the temperature change at a depth of 5-1m, the geostress value and trace gas measurement, and serve as space remote sensing detection and multi-gas measurement. We can start with meteorology, earthquakes, volcanoes, disaster sources in the earth and sensitive points of the earth, and summarize the temporal and spatial laws of the distribution of various disasters. They are often disaster points (belts) distributed in the earth's thermal power in space, and they are distributed in series, such as thermal explosion in the earth-volcano-earthquake-strong explosion on the surface-tsunami-strong turbulence of seawater-strong cyclone (hurricane, typhoon). Disaster sources have many characteristics, which can be used to restore history, observe reality and predict the future. The time law of disasters, that is, the timing of thermal explosion in the earth, may involve the thermal catastrophe environment of the whole solar system. We should not only consider the reasons of the earth itself, but also explore these laws step by step from the astronomical and geological correlation. It is necessary to summarize the signs, causes and consequences of disaster series, establish a global and regional aerospace disaster monitoring network (including instrument series, stations, communications, collection and data forecasting), gradually improve the forecasting ability, prevent disasters and reduce harm, and ensure the survival and development of mankind.

In the current environmental geological research, there is also a widespread abuse of ignoring the dominant background, so the survey level is not high, leading to serious engineering lessons. For example, the evaluation of regional geological structure stability of large-scale projects mostly starts from the superficial crust and ignores the thermal dynamic conditions of deep magma, and draws one-sided conclusions. Land subsidence is an important environmental geological disaster discovered in recent years, which is often simply attributed to over-exploitation of groundwater, ignoring the ground motion, especially the surface fluctuation caused by deep source power. The evaluation of water resources only considers the shallow space with the current exploration depth of tens of meters and hundreds of meters, and draws the conclusion that there is insufficient groundwater. I don't know that the deep source supply of groundwater is very promising. In general, there is no need to worry about the shortage of groundwater to curb human activities. The key is to prevent pollution and destruction. Slow environmental changes, such as drought, desertification, soil erosion and coastline changes, have more important thermodynamic background inside the earth to be explored besides the superficial geological and geographical factors, otherwise it is difficult to draw more profound conclusions. In addition to the geographical and geological reasons, the geothermal disaster in the ground is the more important reason for the relatively large geological disasters such as collapse, landslide and debris flow. At present, the immature prediction of earthquake geology also lies in the shallow understanding of focal mechanism and only focusing on the results of solid mechanical movement. In short, many problems in earth science need to be re-recognized and re-evaluated in order to develop in a deeper and higher level. There are complex material flux and dynamic coupling relations and causal relations among the various circles of the earth, and the interaction between man and nature lies in this complex background. At present, our understanding of the earth and nature is still superficial and one-sided, and more mysteries still need to be explored in depth.

the development of advanced scientific theories can not be separated from the support of high technology. Modern technological means such as remote sensing provide initial conditions for the start of advanced theories and a rich information base for the germination of new theories. However, according to the needs of the development of the new earth science theory, these observation technologies are still insufficient, and many new detection methods need to be supplemented, such as high-precision temperature detection, high-sensitivity gas detection, a series of monitoring networks, stations and information processing centers, and new geophysical, geochemical and biological observation technologies, so as to form a large observation system and supporting series to improve the information capture ability. Make science and technology and scientific theory promote each other, expand the observation field and accuracy of earth science, provide more advanced technical means for the substantial development of earth science theory, mobilize thousands of earth scientists to March into new theories, comprehensively evaluate the changes of global ecological environment, develop strategies for sustainable economic development, seek efficient countermeasures, and make due contributions to the prosperity of human civilization.

—— Recorded from: CNC-IGBP Academic Exchange Essays, 1985

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