Anhui Provincial Education Admissions Examination Agency: Analysis of 2021 College Entrance Examination Physics Test Questions (National Paper B)

#高考# Introduction No information has been learned from the Anhui Provincial Education Admissions Examination Authority that the 2021 College Entrance Examination Physics Test Questions Review (National Paper B) has been announced. The specific details are as follows:

2021 College Entrance Examination Physics Implementation Implement the requirements of the "Overall Plan for Deepening Education Evaluation Reform in the New Era", rely on the college entrance examination evaluation system, strengthen basic examinations, optimize situation design, enhance the flexibility of test questions, deepen key ability tests, and give full play to the educational function and positive guiding role of college entrance examination questions. Guide teaching to reduce the phenomenon of rote memorization and "mechanical answering of questions", and promote the reform of high school education methods.

1. Strengthen basic examinations and guide teaching to return to curriculum standards and textbooks

The college entrance examination evaluation system proposes basic, comprehensive, applied and innovative examination requirements. In 2021 The college entrance examination physics is based on the college entrance examination evaluation system to further enrich the connotation of the basic examination and expand the examination methods. Physical concepts and laws are the basic content of high school physics and an important way for students to form and deepen their physical concepts. The 2021 College Entrance Examination Physics is based on curriculum standards and is close to the actual teaching of middle school physics. It creates typical problem situations to test students' comprehensive and profound understanding and mastery of basic physical concepts and physical laws. It guides teaching to follow educational laws, return to curriculum standards and textbooks, and focus on concepts. and the formation process of laws, guide students to strengthen their understanding of basic content, and promote the formation and deepening of students' physics concepts. For example, question 14 uses a system composed of a car, a spring and a slider as the research object to test students' understanding and mastery of whether the momentum and mechanical energy of a multi-particle system are conserved; question 15 sets a negative charge fixed above a grounded metal plate. Situations test students’ deep understanding of concepts such as electric field strength, equipotential surfaces, and electric potential energy; Question 20 designs deflection situations of charged particles with different charge-to-mass ratios in electric fields to test students’ mastery of the laws of motion similar to planar throws.

The 2021 college entrance examination physics highlights the examination of basic experiments. For example, Question 22 studies the law of horizontal throwing motion, and Question 23 measures the electromotive force and internal resistance of the battery. These are all basic experiments in the textbook. Strengthening the examination of basic experiments will be conducive to the connection between examination and teaching, guide middle school teaching to seriously carry out basic experiments, and focus on cultivating students' solid experimental abilities.

2. Create real problem situations and guide students to apply what they have learned

The 2021 college entrance examination physics will strengthen the connection between theory and practice, and the close connection between design and production practice, sports, and cutting-edge science and technology. Actual situations test students' ability to flexibly apply the physics knowledge they have learned to analyze and solve problems, stimulate students' interest in learning physics, guide students to focus on applying what they have learned, and promote the achievement of core competencies in physics in solving real problems. For example, question 17 uses radionuclides commonly used in medical treatment as a background to test students’ understanding and application of half-life; question 18 uses the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics as a context to show the multi-year motion trajectory of stars near the center of the Milky Way. , test students’ ability to obtain the cycle of motion from images, and use Kepler’s third law, law of gravity and other knowledge to comprehensively solve practical problems, and guide students to pay attention to cutting-edge scientific and technological fields; Question 24 uses athletes shooting basketball to create a situation to test students The understanding and application of concepts and laws such as kinetic energy, work, Newton's second law, and uniform linear motion will guide students to strengthen physical exercise and penetrate the concept of health first.

3. Enhance the flexibility of the test questions and guide students to develop key abilities

The 2021 College Entrance Examination Physics will enhance the flexibility of the test questions by enriching the presentation format of the test questions and setting up novel question angles. It tests students' reasoning ability, analytical and comprehensive ability, and ability to apply mathematics to deal with physical problems, etc., guides students to develop key abilities and subject literacy, and improves the quality of talent selection.

For example, question 21 presents an image of the change of tension over time and an image of the change of acceleration of the board over time, requiring students to comprehensively analyze the characteristics of the two images, establish the entire movement process of the block and the board, and extract key information in the image. Logical reasoning requires students' information processing ability, reasoning ability, and comprehensive analysis ability. Question 25 innovates the conventional situation of a metal rod moving on a conductor frame, showing the conductor frame and metal rod sliding down an incline through a magnetic field. The regional situation, research objects, research processes and stress conditions are more complex. It tests students' ability to solve problems in complex situations and requires students to have higher analytical and comprehensive abilities.