Types of comments

1. When the works quoted or borrowed from the article first appear in the notes, the author's name, title, place of publication, publishing unit, year of publication and page number of the cited materials shall be indicated together.

(1) Cited monograph:

Dodge lee. American government and American politics. Beijing. China Social Sciences Press, 1990, pp. 72-74.

Note: (a) Use a colon after the author's name; The title of the book is marked with the title, and a comma is added after the title; The space number (middle point) after the place of publication; Add a comma after the name of the publishing house; Add the word "version" after the year of publication, and then add a comma; Use a period after the page number.

(b) If there are two authors, the names of the authors should be separated by a pause, such as xxx and XXX; If there are more than two people, you can write the name of the first author, followed by the word "etc" to omit other authors, such as xxx.

(c) If there is a subtitle in the title, a dash should be used to separate the title from the subtitle.

For example:

Chen. American economy and government policy-from Roosevelt to Reagan. Beijing. World Knowledge Publishing House, 1988, p. 124. (d) If the book is multi-volume, the number of volumes where the cited materials are located should be written directly after the book name, and then a period should be added. For example, Xu Min: A Historical Review of the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea, vol. 1, Beijing China Broadcasting Press, 1990, p. 5.

(e) The place of publication shall include the names of provinces, autonomous regions and their subordinate cities, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall only indicate the names of cities, such as:

Yanji, Jilin Yanbian Education Press; Beijing. International cultural publishing company. If the name of the publishing house itself already contains one of the first-class place names, it does not need to be marked repeatedly in the publishing place, such as Nanjing Jiangsu People's Publishing House, and it does not need to be marked as Nanjing Jiangsu People's Publishing House; Beijing Publishing House, need not be marked as Beijing. Beijing publishing house.

(2) citing translation examples:

J. Bloom et al., American History, Volume II, Volume II (translated by Yang and Zhang Rulin, edited by Huang Xiqun), Beijing. The Commercial Press, 1988, p. 97.

Note: (a) In the author's name, except the surname, both the first name and the middle name can be abbreviated. If abbreviations are used, English abbreviations (dot below) must be used; If all the names are translated, Chinese space symbols (Chinese dots) must be added between the names.

(b) Put brackets directly after the title of the book or after the number of volumes and volumes of multi-volume books, and indicate the names of Chinese translators and proofreaders in brackets.

(3) Examples cited:

Yang, editor-in-chief: History of American Foreign Policy, 1775- 1989, Beijing. People's Publishing House, 199 1 version, page 23.

Editor-in-chief Han Tie and others, Post-war American History, editor-in-chief Yang. People's Publishing House 1989, p. 56.

Note: (a) The first example is applicable to works with only editors. After editing the name, according to the information provided by the book, add "editor" or "editor-in-chief" and then add a colon; The rest are in the same format as the annotations of the works.

The second example applies to the works of editors and authors. This kind of annotation is basically the same as the annotation of the book, except that brackets should be added after the title of the book, the name of the editor should be indicated in the brackets, and then a period should be added after the brackets.

(4) List examples of works or articles published in periodicals and magazines:

Marx: Critique of Gotha Program, Selected Works of Marx and Engels, Volume III, Beijing. People's Publishing House 1972, page 2 1.

Jefferson: Third World Literature, New Historicism and Literary Criticism in the Era of Transnational Capitalism (edited by Zhang Jingyuan), Peking University Press, 1992, p.251.

Wu Zhan: On Several Issues of Nuclear Disarmament, American Studies No.3, 1994, p.43.

Note: (a) First indicate the author's name and the title of the article. The title of the article is marked with the title, and a comma is added after the title; Then write down the name of the collection or periodical, which is also marked with the title, with the word "zai" before the title, followed by the volume number and volume number, and then a comma; The rest are in the same format as works.

(b) The first example applies to collections with unedited signatures; The second example is suitable for editing a signed anthology.

(c) Periodicals and magazines do not need to identify editors and publishers.

(5) Quote newspaper articles:

Lu Quanwu: Several Problems in the Reform of State-owned Enterprises, Economic Daily, 3rd Edition, August 20th, 1994.

Mexican stock market turmoil, 1995 65438+ 10/0 People's Daily, 7th edition.

Note: (a) The first example is applicable to signed articles.

(b) The second example applies to unsigned articles or reports.

(c) The date of publication of a newspaper should be marked with the year, month and day, and placed before the name of the newspaper.

(d) The newspaper should indicate "page" instead of "page".

2. When quoting the materials in the same work again, you only need to indicate the author's name, the name of the work (subtitle can be omitted) and the page number where the materials are located in the notes; If the quotation comes from a newspaper article, the name and publication date of the newspaper can be replaced by the word "quote newspaper".

Example: Li Dodge: American Government and American Politics, p. 79.

J. Bloom: American History, Volume II, Volume I, Page 140.

Chen: American Economy and Government Policy, p. 435.

Wu Zhan: On Several Issues of Nuclear Disarmament, published in newspapers and periodicals, p. 44.

"Mexican stock market turmoil", quoted from the newspaper, 7th edition.

Format of English annotations

1. When citing books and materials for the first time, the author's name, title, place of publication, publishing house, year of publication and page number of the materials must be indicated in the notes. The specific format is as follows:

(1) Monograph:

Harold u Faulkner, American economic history (new york: Harper & Brothers Press, 1960), pp. 23-25.

Note: (a) The names of authors are arranged in the usual order, followed by commas; The title of the book is italicized, and the manuscript can be marked with horizontal lines under the title; The title of the book is followed by brackets, which indicate the place of publication, followed by a colon, followed by the name of the publishing house, followed by a comma, and then indicate the year of publication; Add a comma after the brackets, and then write down the page number where the quoted materials are located, and add a period after the page number to indicate that the comments are finished; The page number of a single page is represented by p; Multi-page number is expressed by pp, which means the number of pages. (b) If there are two authors, use and or & between their names; Connection; If there are more than two people, you can write the name of the first author, followed by et al. For others, such as Donna worrall Brown et al., use modern English, and the rest are the same as (a). (c) If there are subheadings, separate them with colons, such as Robert K. Murray's Harding Age: Warren G Harding and His Government (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1969), p.9 1. (d) If the work is one of many volumes, the number of volumes must be indicated by Vol. plus Roman numerals before the page number is indicated, such as Ralph F. de Bates's Modern American History: 1945 to the present, Volume II (.

(2) Edit category:

Paul angel, editor. , American readers: from ColumbustoToday (new york: Rand mcnally Company, 1958), pp. 52-53.

Note: (a) If there is more than one editor, edit. It must be written as eds. Such as e b white &; Edited by Catherine S. White. The sub-library of American humor, the content of the notes behind is similar to that in the works. (b) For works with both editors and authors, the author's name should be placed before the title, and the editor's name should be placed after the title, such as: georg solti, Ten Years of Prosperity: From War to Depression,1917-1929 (eds. Henry David et al., new york: M.E. Sharp Company, 1975), p. 235. It can also be used as a comment on the work without indicating the editor.

(3) Items in the collection:

Irving panofsky, "Style and Media in Movies", Aesthetic Issues, Editor. Maurice Weitz (new york: Hackett, Blaise and World Company, 1969), p. 326.

Note: (a) The title of the article should not be italicized or underlined, and the comma after it should be placed in quotation marks. (b) The title of the book is in italics, followed by the name of the editor, and the format is the same as that of the editing category (b).

(4) newspaper articles:

Constance m drake, "approaching Blake", college English, No.29 (April 1968), p.541-543.

"The reading teacher put the scene," Kansas City Star, May 1, 1969, P.16 A.

Note: (a) The first example is to quote the notes of articles signed by journals. The name of the periodical is in italics, the volume number must be expressed in Roman numerals, and then the publication date is indicated in brackets; Editor, publisher and place of publication need not be specified. (b) The second example involves the annotation of an unsigned article in a newspaper. The name of the newspaper is in italics, followed by the date of publication.

(5) Electronic information:

If you use information on the Internet, you must indicate the detailed address of the website where the information is located:

2. When the cited works are cited again, the marking format is as follows:

(1) Just indicate the author's name and page number, such as:

Saul, page 229.

E. white & edited by AMPK. White. , page 45

(2) If two or more works by the same author are quoted in an article, the title of the book must be added.

Like a soul, a prosperous decade, p. 134.

(3) The materials quoted in this note are from the same work, which can be replaced by ditto, meaning "the cited book is ditto" or "the source is ditto" (if the work quoted in this note is different from the previous note, but the interval is the same as that in the previous note, it cannot be replaced by ditto), such as:

③ Harold U. Faulkner, American Economic History (new york: Harper & Brothers Press, 1960), pp. 23-25.

④ Same as above, p.5 1 (meaning is the same as the quotation in Note ③, with different page numbers).

⑤ The same as above (with the same meaning as the quotation and page number in Note (4)). Comments are explanations and descriptions of the code. The purpose is to make others and themselves easy to understand. In order to let others know at a glance what this code is for. Correct program comments generally include preface comments and function comments. Foreword notes mainly include the interface of the module, the description of data and the function of the module. The main contents of module function annotation include the function of program segment, the function of sentence and the state of data.

Line comment

Lines after symbols will not be compiled (displayed)

Block annotation

The middle part of the block comment symbol will not be compiled.

Jsp comment block comment

HTML comment block comment

& lt！ -& gt；

Line comments of Asp comments

Css comment block comment

/* */Block comments

Java comments//line comments

/* */Block comments

/* * */Block comments, usually with code information, such as author's name, etc.

C++ comments//line comments

/* */Block comments

Batch script comments REM (case-insensitive) line comments

For example, the following is a simple example of C++ annotation.

/*

Code function

Output Baidu Encyclopedia on the screen!

*/# include & lt； iostream & gt？ /* # contains

In PHP, we use//to write single-line comments, or use/* and */to write large comment blocks.

& lthtml & gt

& ltbody & gt

& lt？ Server-side programming language (abbreviation of professional hypertext preprocessor)

//This is a comment.

/* This is a comment block */

& gt

& lt/body & gt；

& lt/html & gt；

Php supports comments in C, C++ and Unix Shell style (Perl style). For example:

& lt？ Php echo this is a test; //This is a single-line c++ style comment/* This is a multi-line comment and a single-line comment */ echo This is another test; The last test of echo; # Is this a shell style comment? & gt

Single-line comments are only commented to the end of the line or the current php code block, depending on which comes first. This means that in//? & gt the following HTML code will be displayed:? & gt Jump out of php mode and return to HTML mode.//This will not be affected. If the asp_tags configuration option is enabled, its behavior and///%>；; Same. But,