How to control project quality

With the development of social productivity and the advancement of science and technology, the requirements for project management of construction projects have become increasingly standardized and systematic. Project cost, project progress, project quality and safety are qualitatively different from those in the past. leap. Currently, how to ensure the quality of engineering projects will become the biggest test faced by every project manager. "A century-old plan, quality first." As the general commander of project construction, the project manager is responsible for ensuring the quality of the project. To this end, we must establish credibility with quality, seek efficiency with management, and strengthen construction site management.

To ensure the quality of engineering projects, the key is to ensure the quality control of engineering projects during construction operations. Since the construction of the project involves a wide range of areas, the construction process is an extremely complex and comprehensive process. In addition, the project location is fixed, the production flow is different, the structure types are different, as well as the quality requirements, the construction methods are different, the size is large, the integrity is strong, and the construction The quality of construction projects is more difficult to control than the quality of general industrial products due to its long cycle and large impact from natural conditions. Therefore, comprehensive management of the quality assurance system must be implemented:

1 Scientific management, establishing and improving various management systems

Formulating job responsibility systems and various rules and regulations is the primary task of enterprise management and important parts. The project manager must pay attention to the establishment of the system, and must do a good job in supervision and implementation at the construction site. Based on the original rules and regulations and the actual situation of the construction site, he must establish a job responsibility system for various personnel and clarify the responsibilities of the construction site management personnel. Responsibilities shall be documented and posted in the construction site office for easy implementation. At the same time, the operation and maintenance system for various machines, electricity, well-used racks, exterior wall scaffolding and other equipment is clarified, and designated personnel are responsible and managed to ensure that all work is in place and responsibilities are fulfilled. Take the "Suifu Primary School" project as an example: Based on the actual conditions of the construction site, the project department established a dispatching meeting, analysis meeting, briefing meeting and inspection and assessment system, and established a data filing system. Strengthen plan management, according to the overall progress requirements, timely revise the plan according to the actual construction, realize the control of important nodes, and keep the plan management in the best state. A briefing system was established at the construction site to promptly notify all parties of the project status, and a summary system was established, thus greatly strengthening on-site construction management and winning unanimous praise from all parties.

2 Raise awareness and strengthen the management of front-line workers

To improve the level of construction management, we must lead in thinking, that is, we must first improve management awareness. The core issue of enterprises is management. Due to the high mobility of production workers, generally poor technical quality and weak quality awareness, they only focus on work progress and ignore the scale and quality of the project. They are greedy for convenience, blindly seek speed, have low responsibility, and have poor safety awareness, which has brought great consequences to construction management. Difficulty, these awareness and practices must be completely changed. On the basis of improving the awareness of management personnel, project managers must also strengthen management of production workers. The specific approach is to implement the principle of “one choice, two education, and three management”. The first choice is to implement the principle of "survival of the fittest" for production workers, and those production workers with poor safety awareness, low technical quality, and disobedience to management must be eliminated. The second level of education means that workers must carry out "third-level education" before taking up their jobs. They must make various safety technical briefings before entering the workplace and obtain safety technical visas. A system of clear rewards and punishments must be implemented for workers in each construction team to fully mobilize the enthusiasm of workers and give full play to their leading role. Pre-job training is also required for operators of various types of work and major parts of each project. Three management means that all technical explanations must be made to production workers before construction, each process must be strictly controlled during the construction process, tracking, supervision, recording, review or spot inspection must be carried out, and everything from technical measures to actual operation must be strictly controlled. Quality is the key. Adhere to the combination of self-inspection, mutual inspection, and random inspection; adhere to the specific practice of not flowing into the next process if the previous process is unqualified, especially carry out full-time tracking and construction of work types and processes that are prone to common quality defects, and use mandatory means to restrain common quality defects. Change irregular practices.

3 Organize construction and strive to do a good job in project quality and safety management

When directing various projects, the project manager must conscientiously do a good job in project quality and safety management, and must manage many aspects of a construction site The unit is organized to carry out construction in a rhythmic and balanced manner to achieve the results of short construction period, good quality, safety and low cost. This is a very complex issue, which includes technology, quality, safety, materials, schedule and Construction site management and other management work.

Therefore, in construction management, it is necessary to implement institutionalization and networking, rationalize the company's management system, and institutionalize various managements. The project manager should regularly organize and hold professional business analysis meetings, and reflect the conclusions and information of various professional business analyzes to the company in a timely manner, so as to better achieve comprehensive control of the on-site construction process.

In the management of the project, we must strictly follow the "three inspections, two insistences, and one excellence" (that is, self-inspection, mutual inspection, and re-inspection; insist on construction according to the drawings, insist on construction according to the specifications; insist on construction according to the specifications; the product is excellent) Carry out construction according to the policy, achieve listed construction, assign responsibilities to people, and put ideas in place. In terms of quality management, we adopt the approach of overcoming common problems, creating excellence, and improving the quality of our products to ensure high-quality products, eliminate potential quality hazards in the bud during the construction process, and conduct acceptance inspections for each process to improve the first-time survival rate of our products. Strive to achieve a project quality rate of more than 80%

We strive to overcome and eliminate common problems such as "seepage, leakage, shelling, cracking, pouring, roughness, blockage, and dirt" in the project, and strive to improve the quality of the project through management systems and ensure the quality of the project through technical measures.

In terms of safety management, it is necessary to strengthen safety education and improve the safety awareness of employees and migrant workers. The company must be willing to spend manpower, material resources, and financial resources to improve safety facilities, and construction management personnel must perform their duties. During the construction of Suifu Primary School, we especially strengthened the education and protection work of the "Three Treasures and Four Ports", and supported the practice of gantry and scaffolding being delivered for use only after they have been inspected and accepted in sections. A volunteer fire brigade is organized and under the direct command of the project manager. Safety warning signs and safety slogans can be seen everywhere on the construction site, with the purpose of mobilizing safety to ensure safe production.

In terms of technical data management, a dedicated person responsible for the project will be assigned to fill in the construction diary and record the daily construction conditions in detail to facilitate contact before and after the project. All kinds of construction technical data and project progress are carried out simultaneously and organized by category, and put into data bags respectively, laying the foundation for the completion acceptance data to be accurate, fast and complete.

4 Grasp construction market information and strengthen project cost control

Modern scientific management methods are changing with each passing day, and project managers must fully understand and understand new materials and new developments in domestic and foreign construction markets. First, based on the construction drawings, we conduct work and material analysis and conduct a large number of market surveys to prevent the use of substandard products. If the quality of materials does not meet the requirements, the quality of the project will not meet the standards. Therefore, strengthening the quality control of materials is an important guarantee for improving project quality and a prerequisite for creating normal construction conditions. The project manager must understand the market conditions of materials, as well as information on material quality, price, supply capacity, etc., supervise material procurement, open up material purchase channels, conduct comparison shopping, and try to purchase goods directly from manufacturers to minimize the middleman. In each link, we scientifically organize the procurement, processing, transportation, and storage of materials, establish a strict planning and scheduling system, implement unified adjustments of materials between projects, and accelerate the turnover of materials and funds to ensure normal construction. The main materials of the project must have formal factory certificates and inspection reports before entering the site. Reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete components shall be subject to sampling inspection in accordance with regulations. Component quality problems that arise due to transportation, installation, etc. should be analyzed and studied, and can only be used after being processed and signed. Any products or components that are unclearly marked or considered to have quality problems, or general materials that have doubts about the quality assurance information or are inconsistent with the contract provisions, etc., should be subject to material sampling inspection. For imported materials, equipment or materials used in key parts, such as concrete, mortar, waterproof materials, anti-corrosion materials, etc., the mix ratio of the materials should be ensured, and the test mix should be done according to regulations first, and can only be used after passing the test in the laboratory. In short, material control is the basis and prerequisite for quality assurance.

5 Take measures to protect construction machinery

Machinery control includes construction machinery and equipment and tool cost control. Appropriate mechanical equipment should be selected according to different process characteristics and technical requirements. Correctly use, manage and maintain mechanical equipment. To this end, it is necessary to improve the "man-machine fixation system", "operation certificate system", "job responsibility system", "safe use system", "shift handover system", etc. to ensure that mechanical equipment In optimal used condition.

During the construction of the "Suifu Primary School" project, the company used simple and practical "star tiles" as the canopy roof to protect machinery. Various mechanical equipment at the construction site such as mortar machines All machines, such as machines, are equipped with one machine and one machine, each with a number.

Since the roof of the rainproof shed is made of star tiles, the frame is made of 1-inch steel pipes and accessories. The star tiles and the frame are bound with iron wires, which is more convenient for installation, disassembly and use. It is both beautiful and practical, and can It is used for multiple turnovers, has good visibility during construction, takes up little space on the construction site, is rainproof and windproof, and ensures safe production.

6 Strengthen the control of the construction process and improve the quality of the project

Excellent project quality is directly produced in the construction process. The construction workers and quality safety officers of the project department must monitor the construction work of the work team. During the operation, including operating methods, work processes, etc., inspection and supervision are carried out at all times to nip quality problems in the bud to the greatest extent. When entering the rough decoration stage of civil engineering, before the team leader enters the site, he should be required to make a sample or sample wall. Only after the sample acceptance reaches the expected effect can the large-scale construction be officially started. In the future, the acceptance of the team's work quality will be based on his own opinions. The sample made serves as the actual standard.

Before entering the masonry of the main project, the construction unit should be asked as soon as possible to determine the variety and specifications of the exterior wall facing bricks, so that during the masonry, the aluminum windows can be calculated and positioned according to the specifications and dimensions of the facing bricks. The location of the hole. At the same time, the construction sequence of exterior wall finishes can be adjusted according to construction requirements. We also assisted the team to carry out sample construction on the first-floor exterior wall to ensure that the facing tiles were laid in a regular pattern, the window sills had a uniform slope, the eagle's nozzle specifications were consistent, and the lines and seams were straight and horizontal to improve the quality of the project.

7 Do a good job in civilized construction and fully realize standard construction

With the improvement of urban modernization, the requirements for civilized construction are getting higher and higher. Therefore, whether in the bidding, bidding stage, or in the construction implementation stage, civilized construction measures have become very important in the construction technical plan and construction organization design. To this end, the task of building a civilized construction site is seriously placed in front of every project manager. Building a civilized construction site is a series of projects for enterprises to continuously improve their comprehensive capabilities and overall level and adapt to the needs of the market economy. Building civilized construction sites and organizing construction according to modernization and standardization requirements is to shape the "window" image of the enterprise, which is conducive to controlling resource consumption, reducing the frequency of accidents, eliminating accident hazards, and gaining more social benefits and early economic benefits.

Therefore, when organizing the construction process, the project manager should put civilized construction in an important position, earnestly grasp, grasp and implement the work of building a civilized construction site, and organize and establish a construction site civilized leadership group and The company has formed a strict management network to achieve civilized construction on the construction site through multiple channels from vertical to horizontal, from block to section, ensuring block by block and implementing every block, taking the overall situation into consideration. Take Suifu Primary School as an example: The entire construction site must be laid out in strict accordance with the approved construction organization design. A simple and regular gate is set up at the entrance and exit of the construction site. The name of the project and the contractor are clearly marked on the door frame, and the door frame is inlaid with letters on both sides. The slogan "Quality is the life of an enterprise, safety is the benefit of an enterprise". The construction site is fully enclosed for construction. The construction site is flat and clean. All roads are hardened and solid and smooth. Water slopes are poured around the buildings. The surroundings are kept clean. The drainage of the site is systematic and unobstructed. Construction waste is piled up in a centralized manner and transported away in time. The on-site office is clean and tidy, with various management systems, job responsibility systems and target management responsibility systems. The list of quality and safety leadership groups is posted on the wall, making it clear at a glance. All employees have goals and everyone has assessments.

Building materials are neatly stacked according to categories, specifications, and varieties, such as: sand and gravel are classified and stacked into squares; masonry materials are classified into stacks and stacked neatly, and broken bricks are cleaned as they are used; ash pools The masonry construction meets the standards and the layout is reasonable, safe and tidy.

Construction turnover facilities, equipment, large formwork, etc. are stacked together, and the formwork is placed stably in pairs with correct angles. Bamboo and wood miscellaneous materials are piled up in categories, in square format, and neither scattered nor disordered.