You may get lung cancer without smoking! Experts remind: Doing these three things often hurts the lungs.

On May 2th, Zuo Hui, founder and chairman of Shell, died at the age of 5 due to an unexpected deterioration of the disease.

According to people familiar with the matter, Zuo Hui was diagnosed with lung cancer in September 213 and had been treated abroad for a long time.

As a common cancer, lung cancer seriously threatens human life. According to statistics, in 22, 18 out of every 1 new cancer cases in China will be lung cancer; Of every 1 Chinese who lost their lives due to cancer, 23 were caused by lung cancer.

At present, many studies have proved that smoking can significantly increase the risk of lung cancer, and more than 8% of lung cancer patients have a history of smoking. But it is puzzling that Zuo Hui has no habit of smoking.

why do people who don't smoke also get lung cancer? How did lung cancer come from?

In order to find out the truth about lung cancer, we interviewed Professor Liang Weifeng, dean of Doctor Kang International Hospital, winner of the National Science and Technology Special Prize and doctoral supervisor of Zhejiang University.

As we all know, smoking is a clear risk factor for lung cancer. The more smokers smoke, the higher the risk of lung cancer. However, it should be noted that smoking is not the only risk factor for lung cancer.

That is to say, even if a person doesn't smoke at ordinary times, he may get lung cancer. For example, three things that most people do in life may "trigger" lung cancer.

1. Passive smoking

Although I don't smoke, the risk of lung cancer will increase if I live in the environment of second-hand smoke or third-hand smoke for a long time. Studies have shown that the risk of lung cancer among people exposed to second-hand smoke is 1.33 times that of those who are not exposed to second-hand smoke.

2. Long-term exposure to kitchen oil fume

The oil fume produced by cooking oil at high temperature contains more than 2 kinds of harmful substances. Studies have shown that cooking oil fume can increase the risk of lung cancer in female non-smokers by 3.79 times.

3. Long-term exposure to radon released from building materials

Studies show that radon exposure can increase the risk of lung cancer by 48%. Radon mainly comes from building foundations (soil and rocks), building materials, domestic water, natural gas and coal combustion.

In addition, the risk of lung cancer will also increase if there are people with exposure history of asbestos and silica, as well as people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and family history of lung cancer.

In a word, the occurrence of lung cancer is the result of many factors. Many factors include smoking, disease history, heredity and so on.

As one of the cancers with the highest mortality rate in China, the early diagnosis of lung cancer is seriously insufficient, and most lung cancer patients find it in the late stage. According to the statistics of 212 -214, the proportion of stage ⅢA~Ⅳ lung cancer in China is as high as 64.6%.

The later the diagnosis, the worse the prognosis. The 5-year survival rate decreased with the increase of diagnostic stage.

In China, the survival rate of stage I lung cancer is 7%~9%. By stage III, the 5-year survival rate is 1%~4%. Once stage IV, the survival rate is less than 1%. Some studies also show that the 5-year survival rate of patients with stage ⅳ lung cancer is only 5.3%.

It can be seen that early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer is very important. And early detection is the basis of early treatment.

At present, for the early detection of lung cancer, China's guidelines suggest using low-dose spiral CT in the chest to screen high-risk groups.

According to the screening test of lung cancer in the United States, the high-risk population of lung cancer is defined as people aged 5-74 who meet one of the following conditions:

For the above high-risk population, it is recommended to have a low-dose spiral CT examination once a year, and consult a specialist in time if any abnormality is found.

It is normal that most people will have a knot in their heart when lung nodules are detected. After all, the incidence and mortality of lung cancer are high. However, detecting pulmonary nodules is not the same as getting lung cancer, and excessive worry is unnecessary.

it is the best policy to treat it rationally and deal with it correctly. We just need to remember four sentences: < P > Don't worry about benign diseases, and early resection of malignant diseases, < P > It is difficult to distinguish between benign and malignant diseases, and follow-up is the key.

We sorted out three questions that people are most concerned about according to "Experts' Knowledge on Diagnosis and Treatment of Pulmonary Nodules in China (218 Edition)":

1. What is pulmonary nodules?

Clinically, a focal, round-like, dense solid or sub-solid lung shadow with a diameter of 3 cm is defined as a pulmonary nodule, but it can't be directly linked with lung cancer, because it can be inflammation or tuberculosis ...

In other words, all lung-related diseases can lead to the appearance of small nodules.

2. what should I do if I find lung nodules?

look at the size, the shape and the comparison.

look at the size.

second, look at the form.

Generally speaking, lung nodules with the following signs are more likely to be malignant:

lobulation sign, burr sign (or spinous process), pleural depression sign and vascular convergence sign.

three for comparison.

Regular follow-up and comparison of the external structure and internal characteristics of pulmonary nodules are of great significance for the differential diagnosis of benign and malignant pulmonary nodules. During the follow-up, the following changes are considered as malignant:

3. What kind of lung nodules need surgery?

At present, there is no strict definition of whether lung nodules need surgery, which mainly depends on the doctor's judgment. Generally speaking, 8 mm nodules are mainly observed regularly. If there are changes during follow-up, especially those with high-risk factors or malignant signs, it is recommended to operate in time.

In short, it is important to consult a specialist to determine the benign and malignant lung nodules. And even if it is really diagnosed as lung cancer, don't give up easily, and actively treat it. In recent years, new technologies and new means of cancer treatment have emerged, which can improve the quality of life of cancer patients and prolong their lives.

References:

1. Guidelines for lung cancer screening, early diagnosis and early treatment in China (221, Beijing)

2. Guidelines for low-dose spiral CT screening of lung cancer in China (218 edition)

3. Experts on diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary nodules in China (218). Well-known entrepreneurs died of lung cancer: doctors listed "screening priorities for high-risk groups"