High score collection gate couplets

Part I: Good reading is not good reading. antithetical couplet

Bottom line: A good book is not a good book.

This couplet was written by Xu Wei in Ming Dynasty. The first couplet refers to reading when I was young, but I don't like reading. I like reading when I am old, but I can't read well.

The first part: Idle people are not allowed to become sages.

Yuan Right: Thieves don't come to the road.

Xinlian: Fishing people don't come to work.

Wulian: sinners are not allowed to get drunk.

This couplet was written by a monk in Mingdan Mountain.

Part I: Ideal is not enjoyment.

Bottom line: The future is full of money.

Part one: watch plum blossoms sweep the snow.

Bottom line: the mountains are dancing and flowing.

The beauty of this couplet lies in its urgent reading, such as the scale:' Dolemi fasolasi'. The next couplet reads the numbers in dialect: "1234567".

The first part: the summer mouse cools the beam, and the cat strokes scare the summer mouse.

Yuan Right: Hungry chickens steal rice, tell children to pick up stones and beat hungry chickens.

Guyou: thirsty cranes make slaves shoot thirsty cranes.

This couplet is also called' Summer Rat Measuring Beam'.

The first part: the summer mouse cools the beam and the pen wall depicts the cat. The summer rat jumped along the eaves, hit the pile and died, and the cat ate the corpse.

Yuan Right: Missing!

I was right: the hungry chicken stole rice, the hungry chicken fled with the same child, and died when it touched the shed, and the arrow fell.

This couplet is a new couplet changed by netizens, and Yu Mian is right.

Part one: Chickens are eager to eat beans.

Bottom line: beams are cool in summer.

Part I: xixi Xixi Xixi Xi.

Bottom line: You can swim in the right skunk.

Part 1: Let's spend the summer together tonight.

Part II: Enjoy the flowers tomorrow.

The first part: a scholar, a farmer and a worker (palace).

Bottom line: cold and hot, warm and cool (good), respect and frugality.

Wulian: aluminum, copper, gold, molybdenum (wood), water, fire and earth.

This couplet is also an odd couplet. The first part is divided into two parts: scholars, agriculture, industry and commerce; Gong Shang jiao Yu The former is a four-industry, while the latter is a five-tone, homophonic word repetition. The primitive five virtues of cold and hot are four senses, and gentleness, courtesy and frugality are gentlemen. My aluminum, copper, gold and molybdenum are four metals, and Jin Mu's water, fire and earth are five elements.

Part I: Tour the West Lake, carrying an iron can, which falls to the West Lake, but it is precious to the iron can.

Yuan Right: Missing!

Gu You: Every Jia Zi, Jia Zi, Jia Zi meets Jia Zi, Jia Zi Jia Zi.

Wulian: After nine years, if you hold the wine bowl, you will lose it and regret it for a long time.

Wulian: crossing the child's eye, shooting the child's eye, killing the child's eye and hurting the child's eye.

Jiuwan: Jiuwan Creek of Three Gorges.

Part I: Mud, fertilizer and grain are still thin.

Bottom line: short nights are long.

This couplet is homophonic' Ni Fei monk is thin'; Ghost short hag long'.

Part one: It's illegal to cut hair again.

Bottom line: becoming a monk with a flail.

This couplet is used to satirize a monk for breaking the law.

Part I: How beautiful are flowers like lotus flowers?

Bottom line: Berries are more sour than plums.

Part I: Draw a temple, a temple, a wonderful temple.

Bottom line: The famous garden is Yuanmingyuan.

Part I: Agate is not a horse brain.

Bottom line: Ji Lang is not a wolf liver.

This alliance was established by Wang Hong of the Ming Dynasty.

Part I: When it rains heavily, I'm afraid of mud. Egg tofu is left to the son-in-law, and Mo Yan returns.

Original: None!

According to legend, when it rained in the Qing Dynasty, his father-in-law Zhong took in his son-in-law. It seems ordinary, but in fact it is well-intentioned and wonderful. Because of its clever use of homophonic puns, all couplets are ancient names. For: Xia Dayu: Xia; Ni: Confucius; Ji Dan: Zhou Wuwang's name; Du Fu and Liu Yuxi: poets in the Tang Dynasty; Mozi and Yan Hui: Disciples of Confucius. Because it is too difficult, it is said that no one can answer correctly so far.

The first part: I'm afraid of mud when it rains heavily, and I leave eggs and tofu to my son-in-law.

Original: None!

Wu Lian: I hurt my heel. I'm afraid to invade my body. An Qisheng has no medicine and no medicine.

This couplet is another version of the couplet. My homophonic businessman Zu Geng: Wang Shang's name; Ji Qinsheng: the name of Zheng Zhuanggong in the Spring and Autumn Period; Wuyi: General of Shu State in Three Kingdoms; Mei Yan: a character in the list of gods; An Qisheng: Han.

Part I: Wheat seeds are irrigated in heavy rain.

The sky is falling: Tian He will work on the arid plateau.

This couplet is homophonic Xia Dayu; Mozi philosopher in the Spring and Autumn Period (Mai and Homophony); Guan Zhong: a figure in the Spring and Autumn Period; Gaudi: Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang; Tian He, Master of Yi Studies in the Early Han Dynasty, Bigan, Minister of Shang and Zhou Dynasties.

The first part: Sinan women go to Tongren.

Bottom line: the chef will come.

This couplet was written by Wu Jinsan in Qing Dynasty. When friends go out here, it means that Sinan women go to Tongren, which is homophonic: thinking about men and women walking with people; Jin San pointed to the chef who served the food. It turned out that this chef was originally from Shangcai and later lived in Huili. He often goes back and forth between these two places. Homonym: the chef who serves stewed carp.

The first part: Modern scholars are short-sighted, and the imperial capital forbids trying Jinshi, but they wet their necks and wipe them with towels.

Part II: It is an epic poem that began in the street. It is like a stone lion, vowing to erode.

Part I: Looking for edible mussels by the water in Fo Yin.

Bottom line: Take it home from Dongpo River.

This couplet is a day when Dongpo takes his family out to play. He wrote this couplet when he met Fo Yin digging clams by the river. Homophonic: Fo Yin is looking for "delicious" food by the water. When Fo Yin heard this, Dongpo took his family with him. Homonym: Dongpo River brought' cangue'.

Part I: The Yangtze River crosses the Yangtze River.

Bottom line: Jiao Shan lives in Jiao Shan Cave.

This couplet was written by Yang Jisheng (Jiao Shan) in Ming Dynasty and Jiao Shan in Zhenjiang.

Part One: A Bai Lianhua in the sky, holding Buddha in the wind.

Bottom line: There are several chestnut trees in the gorge, and the moon is far from the ape.

The first part: Yulantang, Yulan Mao Lei is at the bar, trying to stop the rest.

Bottom line: the banquet is clear, the lotus fragrance attracts the light swallow, and the mood is clear.

Reading this couplet quickly and repeatedly becomes a mouthful. Yulantang: On the lakeside of Kunming in the Summer Palace, it is the bedroom of Emperor Guangxu. Qing Banquet Boat: Zhou Shi, located at the west foot of Wanshou Mountain in the Summer Palace, is a famous water building in the garden.

The Classification, Norms and Creation Methods of Couplets

Classification of couplets

Liang Zhangju's couplets in the Qing Dynasty, The Three Stories of Conghua, Lianxu and Lianlian, divided couplets into ten categories, namely, stories, British rule, temples, places of interest, aphorisms, anecdotes, couplets, set sentences and miscellaneous affixes. The Integration of Couplets published in the Republic of China divides couplets into 20 categories, namely, celebration, mourning, melancholy, learning, business, guild hall, temple, shrine, theater, first house, garden villa, New Year's Eve dinner, places of interest, gifts, incense, definite words, definite sentences, funny, vernacular and miscellaneous. These two classification methods are classified according to practical scope, but the latter is more detailed than the former. There are forty or fifty kinds of couplets if they are classified according to their literal structure, rhetorical devices and logical relations. For example:

1. Dual forms: word pair, object pair, pair pair, opposition, worker pair, width pair, line pair, palindrome pair, thimble equivalence.

2. Rhetoric: metaphor, exaggeration, backchat, pun, rhetorical question and homophonic.

3. Wording skills: embedding words, Tibetan words, compound words, reduplicated words, radicals, word analysis, word segmentation, numbers, etc.

4. Logical structure: juxtaposition, turning, choice, cause and effect.

With the development of society and culture, the theme of couplets will be more complete and perfect.

Standardization and creation of couplets

As the name implies, couplets should be "paired", that is, they are composed of upper and lower couplets. The upper and lower couplets must have the same number of words and the same content, that is, the upper and lower couplets can be "linked", and two unrelated sentences cannot be casually combined to form a couplet. Couplets are a comprehensive subject, with complex contents and various forms, and strict requirements on antithesis and leveling. This book will tell and analyze the creative methods according to the norms of couplets for the reference of those who learn to write couplets.

The number of words in couplets must be equal. Generally, couplets are written vertically, with the last word (tone) of the first couplet posted on the right (hand) and the last word (tone) of the second couplet posted on the left (hand).

Although antithesis of couplets has something in common with poetry, it is more demanding than poetry. Couplets can be divided into wide pairs and narrow pairs. Wide pairs can only be formed if the contents of the upper and lower couplets are related, while narrow pairs should be written in strict accordance with the standards of Li Weng Dui Yun. However, in practical couplets, wide couplets are often used, while narrow couplets are rarely used, because the requirements for antithesis are too strict, which restricts people's thinking and is suspected of hurting meaning because of the text.

Third, China's four tones and couplets.

The level and level of couplets are basically the same as poems. One yin applies the basic laws of poetry, with no distinction between 135 and 246.

How to judge the couplets? Besides distinguishing from the content of couplets, it is more important to judge from the flat sound at the end of couplets. It is strictly stipulated in couplets that the last word of the first couplet should be in a flat voice and the last word of the second couplet should be in a flat voice. Later generations called this rule "flat rise and flat fall". It must be noted that the "four tones" in ancient Chinese and modern Chinese are somewhat different. Since the popularization of hanyu pinyin and the use of Beijing pronunciation as the national common language, the level of the same Chinese character has changed. For example, according to the phonological standard of Pei Fu, the four tones are flat, up, down and inside. Pingsheng is listed as "Ping", and going up, going and entering are all listed as "Nuo". According to Beijing's intonation, it can be divided into flat tone, rising tone, rising tone and falling tone. In this way, there are more flat words, and some falling words are classified as flat words, which is worthy of attention of comrades who learn to write couplets. In ancient times, many linguists elaborated on the four tones of ancient Chinese in detail. For example, in the book Jade Key Song, Shi Vacuum made the following analysis:

1. Ping-Ping lived a low life. When reading, the pronunciation is peaceful, with a long ending and aftertaste.

2. Go up-go up and shout. Pronunciation is loud, voice is short and there is no ending.

3. It's a long way to go-to sound and mourn. The ending sound is short and high.

4. Input-Input a short and urgent set of sounds. The entrance is simple and urgent, the reception is short and deep, and there is no ending.

Generally speaking, flat words are relatively flat and have long endings. Short vowels or no vowels. Mr Liu Bannong, a modern linguist, first affirmed that the analysis of four tones in ancient Chinese by vacuum interpretation is correct. Mr. Bannon made a supplement according to his own research. He said: "The sound is smooth and smooth, with the least twists and turns, which is often called balanced sound. The two sounds are the most tortuous, rising or falling, falling or rising or falling. It should be unbalanced. The shortest tone is called promoting sound. " Mr. Bannon's argument is simple and clear. Mr. Zhang Shilu simply divided the four tones into two categories: the flat tone is where the long step is, the flat tone is where the short step is, and the flat tone is mainly the difference in length. The author also believes that apart from the long and short steps, the pronunciation of the four tones in ancient Chinese is also quite different. For example, from the flat tone, the scale rises gradually, and reaches its peak at the third tone, that is, the highest pronunciation. The entrance sound plummeted, and the volume was low, short and simple. In short: be quiet and sad, raise your voice greatly, stay away from the voice clearly, and raise your voice directly. The above essay is just a general method, which readers can verify in their study and practice.

In order to practice the ability to distinguish four tones, the ancients listed the following 32 words as the basic knowledge of leveling. As long as you can master these words, other words can also be learned by analogy.

1. one two three four five six seven eight nine X. These ten numbers are: in, out, in, in, in, in.

2. Party A, Party B, Party D, Party E, Party G, Party D, Party B ... The level of the cross is: going to the next level, going to the next level.

The ugly son defended at noon. These twelve words are: up, up, up, up, up and down.

Using Beijing intonation to mark the four tones of Chinese, namely, flat tone, rising tone, falling tone, all evolved from the four tones of ancient Chinese. People used to judge the flat tone of couplets based on the four tones of ancient Chinese. Nowadays, four tones in modern Chinese are rarely used to correct, write poems and fill words except pronunciation. However, with the popularization of Putonghua and the passage of time, the four tones of modern Chinese have finally been accepted by people.

4. You should know that some Chinese characters are always used horizontally, either horizontally or horizontally, such as reading, teaching, doing, thinking, alongside ... For example:

(1) "Look" is a flat sound: the incense burner emits purple smoke, and the waterfall hangs in front of the river; On the high cliff, it seems to be thousands of feet high, which makes people think that the Milky Way has fallen from heaven to earth.

(2) "Look" and groan: plum acid splashes teeth, and banana leaves a green screen; Spring goes to summer, and the days are long and tired. After a nap, I feel depressed and watch the children play with catkins in the air.

(3) "Teach" to be quiet: cherries, apricots, peaches and pomegranates bloom first, so teach them to plant one by one by the window; The bamboo shadow is like a willow, and it clearly enters the house.

(4) "teaching" sounds: chalk has a fast career and teaches students in accordance with their aptitude; The peaches and plums in the garden are full of vitality, and the rain and spring breeze bloom for the second time.

(5) Speaking for Wei: First, moving to Changsha, looking to Chang 'an in the west, not seeing home; There was a flute sound of "Plum Blossom" from the Yellow Crane Tower, and another drop of plum blossom was seen on the river bank in May.

(6) Unjust for Wei: I have made great contributions to Hanwang, but I have not put myself in my heart; If I had known that rabbits don't eat dog meat, I would have regretted sitting in Huaiyin and fishing.

Fourthly, the phrase structure of couplets.

In addition to rhyming antithesis, couplets also have certain rules in terms of phrases and structures. For example:

Shake red;

Detui

(single group, two-character structure)

Moderate benefit;

Full of loss.

(single group, three-character structure)

Happiness lies in contentment;

Can tolerate self-satisfaction.

(single group, four-character structure)

Zhifang concentric knot;

Lotus flowers bloom and fall.

(single group, five-character structure)

Conggui is full of fragrance;

Kunshan and Pian Yu are priceless.

(compound group, six-character structure)

Chunjiang peach leaves are wet;

It rains at night and butterflies dream of cold.

(compound group, seven-character structure)

There are hundreds of rivers and great tolerance;

The wall stands a thousand miles, and it is just without desire.

(compound group, eight-character structure)

From ancient times to the present, start again;

Let's talk about emotions first, and then talk about the beginning.

(compound group, nine-character structure)

Three thousand warriors, arrived at the land of secluded swallows;

Dragonfly ninth five-year plan, the day of reopening the Great Song Dynasty.

(Complex group, cross structure)

Forty thousand dollars, the bright moon and the breeze are valuable today;

A pair of white jade, the poet's name is Gu.

(compound group, eleven-character structure)

Heaven and earth show great kindness, and Junzi feels the same;

Ancient and modern Kyushu national glory.