Let’s talk about Lu Xun

Lu Xun [September 25, 1881 - October 19, 1936] was a Chinese writer, thinker and revolutionary. His original name was Zhou Shuren, his courtesy name was Hencai, and he was a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Born into a run-down feudal family. In his youth, he was influenced by the theory of evolution, Nietzsche's philosophy of the Superman and Tolstoy's thought of philanthropy. In 1902, he went to Japan to study. He originally studied medicine at Sendai Medical College and later engaged in literary and artistic work, in an attempt to change the national spirit. From 1905 to 1907, he participated in the activities of the revolutionary party and published papers such as "On the Power of Moro Poetry" and "On Cultural Partiality". During this period, he returned to China and married his wife, Zhu An, at the behest of his mother. In 1909, together with his brother Zhou Zuoren, he co-translated "Collection of Foreign Novels" to introduce foreign literature. He returned to China in the same year and taught in Hangzhou and Shaoxing. After the Revolution of 1911, he served as a minister and official in the Ministry of Education of the Nanjing Provisional Government and the Beijing Government, and also taught at Peking University, Women's Normal University and other schools. In May 1918, he published the first vernacular novel "Diary of a Madman" in the history of modern Chinese literature using the pen name "Lu Xun" for the first time, laying the foundation for the New Literature Movement. Before and after the May 4th Movement, he participated in the work of "New Youth" magazine and became the main leader of the "May 4th" New Culture Movement. From 1918 to 1926, he successively created and published novel collections "Scream", "Wandering", essay collection "Grave", prose collection "Weeds", essay collection "Morning Flowers Picked at Dusk", essay collection "Hot Wind", "Huagai Collection" ", "The Sequel to the Huagai Collection" and other special volumes. Among them, the novella "The True Story of Ah Q" published in December 1921 is an immortal masterpiece in the history of modern Chinese literature. In August 1926, he was wanted by the Beiyang warlord government for supporting the Beijing student patriotic movement. He went south to serve as the director of the Chinese Department of Xiamen University. In January 1927, he went to Guangzhou, the then revolutionary center, and served as the academic director of Sun Yat-sen University. He arrived in Shanghai in October 1927 and began living with his student Xu Guangping. In 1929, his son Zhou Haiying was born. Since 1930, he has participated in the Chinese Freedom Movement Alliance, the Chinese Left-wing Writers Alliance and the Chinese Civil Rights Protection Alliance to resist the dictatorship and political persecution of the Kuomintang government. From 1927 to 1936, he created most of the works in the historical novel collection "New Stories" and a large number of essays, which were collected in "Ji Ji Ji", "San Xian Ji", "Two Hearts Collection", and "Nan Qian Bei Diao Ji" ", "Pseudo Free Letters", "Quan Feng Yue Tan", "Lace Literature", "Qie Jie Ting's Essays", "Qie Jie Ting's Essays, Part Two", "Qie Jie Ting's Essays, The Last Series", "Ji Wai Ji" and Special collections such as "Collections from Jiwai Ji". Lu Xun made great contributions to China's cultural undertakings throughout his life: he led and supported literary groups such as "Weiming Society" and "Chaohua Society"; he edited "National Newspaper Supplement" [B Type] and "Wild Plains" , "Yusi", "Running", "Grudge", "Translation" and other literary and art journals; enthusiastically care for and actively cultivate young authors; vigorously translate foreign progressive literary works and introduce famous paintings and woodcuts at home and abroad; collect, research and organize A large amount of classical literature, compiled "A Brief History of Chinese Novels" and "An Outline of the History of Chinese Literature", compiled "Collections of Ji Kang", and compiled "Miscellaneous Records of Old Books from Kuaiji County", "Ancient Novels", and "Records of Legends of the Tang and Song Dynasties" , "Novel Old News Notes" and so on. He died of tuberculosis in Shanghai on October 19, 1936. Tens of thousands of people in Shanghai spontaneously held public memorials and funerals, and he was buried in Hongqiao Cemetery of All Nations. In 1956, Lu Xun's body was moved to Hongkou Park and Mao Zedong inscribed the rebuilt tomb of Lu Xun. In 1938, "The Complete Works of Lu Xun" (twenty volumes) was published. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Lu Xun's writings and translations have been compiled into "The Complete Works of Lu Xun" (ten volumes), "Collected Translations of Lu Xun" (ten volumes), "Lu Xun's Diary" (two volumes), and "Collected Letters of Lu Xun" , and reprinted many ancient books compiled by Lu Xun. In 1981, "The Complete Works of Lu Xun" (sixteen volumes) was published. Lu Xun museums and memorial halls have been established in Beijing, Shanghai, Shaoxing, Guangzhou, Xiamen and other places. Dozens of Lu Xun's novels, essays, poems, and essays have been selected into Chinese textbooks for middle and primary schools. The novels "Blessing", "The True Story of Ah Q", "Medicine", etc. have been adapted into movies.