How to choose the glass type of doors, windows and sun rooms? Look here.

Renovation and replacement of doors and windows, balconies, etc. Everyone needs to know something about doors and windows. Brother Peng introduced the most comprehensive "window and sun room glass selection manual" in history, including the following three parts:?

Two suggestions before knowing and buying glass (or cognition)?

Names, specifications, derivative products, scope of application and matters needing attention of four types of glass; ?

How to configure the glass?

? 0 1 all kinds of glass can be tempered, and 5 mm insulating glass is standard?

Before Brother Peng introduces the following four kinds of glass, it is helpful for you to know these two concepts in the title: first, the relationship between tempered glass and non-tempered glass, and second, the reason why 5 mm insulating glass is already standard.

1, tempered glass is like Burger King's hamburger.

The concept of tempered glass is easy to understand, that is, the original glass is cut, polished and cleaned by the glass deep processing factory according to the size ordered by customers, and then put into a tempering furnace for high-temperature tempering, and then quenched into tempered glass after being discharged from the furnace.

But when you go to the door and window store, the store can't help but be confused when it comes to seven or eight kinds of glass, such as hollow, laminated, safety and coated glass, huh? I know several tempered glasses, but is each hollow laminated glass tempered or selectively tempered? ?

In fact, you can think of toughened glass as Burger King's hamburger: you can choose any kind of "hamburger set meal" (hollow, sandwich, safety, coated glass, etc. ) with or without tomatoes and onions (steel is not tempered). The only difference is that the feeding of hamburgers is free, and each piece needs tempering. ?

2.5 mm insulating glass is standard, and glass products should be selected accordingly.

(Shanghai 2065438+ code was implemented at the end of 2007)

The above picture shows the Technical Specification for the Application of Doors and Windows in Civil Buildings, which was implemented in Shanghai at the end of 20 17. The application regulations of Shanghai glass can be summarized in one sentence: insulating glass with a glass thickness of 5 mm is standard and can be regarded as the minimum configuration. I believe that such regulations will be issued all over the country in the near future?

Where did this rule come from? This has to say the status quo of the domestic door and window industry. Although a large part of the newly installed door and window glass in the home improvement market is already insulating glass, the quality of insulating glass is mixed. ?

Compared with single-layer glass, insulating glass is energy-saving, sound-proof and frost-proof (note: under the same thickness), which can improve the experience of doors and windows. ?

Especially for its energy saving, it is not only the "thermal insulation" described in this paper. When we stand at home and use insulated glass doors and windows, we can really feel that the indoor temperature is a few degrees lower in summer and a few degrees higher in winter, saving several degrees of electricity bills a year. ?

It can be said that the experience of 100% doors and windows can be improved at once, and the price is only 20% more expensive than that of single-layer glass. ?

Only with the popularization of insulating glass, glass with more comprehensive functions such as sandwich hollow and Low-E hollow can be accepted by more people. ?

What is the name and purpose of Class 02 4 glass?

Ok, after introducing the above two points, the real dry goods will begin. In aluminum alloy doors and windows and sun rooms, you can use the following four kinds of glass: insulating glass, laminated glass, laminated insulating glass and Low-E coated glass:

1, insulating glass?

Features: wide application range and good thermal insulation performance; ?

Common specifications: 5+9a +5,5+ 12 A+5,6+12a+6,5+20a+5 (Note: 5+12a+5 means 5 mm glass+12 mm gas layer+5.

Applicable places: doors, windows, sun rooms (note: except skylights)?

Not applicable places: living in low-frequency noisy scenes such as roads and railways and sunny roofs;

Other products of insulating glass: three-glass two-cavity double-layer insulating glass, frosted insulating glass, built-in louver insulating glass, etc. (Note: The toughened products of these products will not be described here); ?

Note: (1) For cost performance, it is generally recommended to install tempered insulating glass; (2) The middle and high floors (note: 7-8 floors and above) must use hollow tempered glass. (an ordinary hollow tempered glass)

Explain the thickness of glass first: although the thicker the glass, the better its performance, but because of the cost factor, there is no need to pursue perfection. We generally install according to the national standard:?

Single glass area ≤ 2 m? , with 5 mm; ; Single glass area ≤ 3 m? , with 6 mm; ; Single glass area ≤ 4 m? , with 8mm；; ; (Note: This is the allowable area standard of tempered glass; )?

Let's explain the thickness of the gas layer again: theoretically, the thicker the gas layer, the better, but it is not absolute, because when the thickness of the gas layer reaches a certain level, the gas inside the two pieces of glass will have convection, thus reducing the heat insulation effect. Therefore, if the merchant tells you that the insulation of 6+20 A+6 is much greater than 6+ 12 A+6, he must be fooling you. ?

(As can be seen from the figure: 6 mm glass is the best match 12 A)?

Talk about why insulating glass is not suitable for places with high low-frequency noise, such as elevated railways: each kind of glass has a frequency band noise that cannot be isolated, and the sound that insulating glass cannot isolate is only the common low-frequency noise along the road. ?

So if you live on the roadside, don't try to sound insulation by increasing the thickness of insulating glass, you should choose laminated glass or laminated insulating glass. ?

Finally, the derivative products of insulating glass are expanded: it adds some special functions on the basis of basic functions. For example, Peng Ge's favorite frosted insulating glass can be well used in the bathroom, which needs privacy and light transmission; ?

Built-in louver hollow glass, venetian blinds placed on the hollow layer, can not only shade the sun, but also solve the problem of louver cleaning trouble; Compared with ordinary single-layer insulating glass, triple-glass double-cavity insulating glass has more obvious heat insulation effect (very suitable for northern partners). ?

2, laminated glass (also known as laminated glass)

Features: the sound insulation effect is better than that of insulating glass, and the safety is good, but the heat insulation is worse than that of insulating glass; ?

Common specifications: 5+0.76 PVB +5,6+0.76pvb+6,8+1.14pvb+8 (note: 5+0.76pvb+5 means: 5 mm glass +0.76 mm thick PVB film +5 mm glass)?

Applicable places: (1) sunny roofs, indoor partitions and other security demand scenarios; (2) Scenes with high sound insulation requirements; ?

Not applicable places: bay windows, bedrooms facing south and other scenes with strong heat insulation requirements; ?

Other products about laminated glass: triple-glass double laminated glass (three pieces of glass and two layers of film), decorative laminated glass (the interlayer is various patterns of PET film)?

Note: the heat insulation effect of single laminated glass is not ideal (sound insulation and heat preservation, the following two glasses are better). ?

First of all, explain the glue layer of laminated glass: there are many kinds of laminated materials, most of which are PVB film and glue on the doors and windows of home improvement (the boss will say this is "wet laminating" and it is a big pit here). The film endows laminated glass with three characteristics: the damping function of filtering sound waves (sound insulation: reducing sound transmission by reducing the vibration amplitude of sound waves), the function of filtering ultraviolet rays (protecting furniture: absorbing 99% ultraviolet rays in sunlight), enhancing the strength of glass, and maintaining the shape without splashing glass slag when a single piece is broken. ?

Because the thickness of PVB is 0.38 mm, the interlayer thickness of laminated glass is a multiple of 0.38 mm: 0.38 mm, 0.76 mm, 1. 14 mm ... (like cheese slices in hamburgers, 0.38 mm slices are added one by one). The thicker the interlayer, the better the characteristics of laminated glass and the higher the price. ?

Usually add two pieces of glass (0.76 mm), and add 4 or 5 pieces to even be bulletproof.

Let's talk about the sound insulation of laminated glass: PVB laminated film is a kind of Q-elastic material (similar to transparent table mat), so it has the function of buffering sound wave vibration, and can solve the problem of medium and low frequency noise more effectively than insulating glass. ?

However, the laminated layer also has two small defects: insufficient sound insulation ability for high-frequency noise (car horns, etc.). ); Moreover, the rubber layer will harden in winter and the sound insulation effect will become worse. So in general, if you want to completely solve the noise problem in places like roadside, you should choose sandwich+hollow composite glass. ?

Finally, the derivative products of laminated glass are briefly discussed: it adds some special functions to the basic functions. For example, decorative laminated glass (painting on laminated film) is used as indoor partition decoration; Double-layer laminated glass (Big Mac burger) can increase the product thickness to improve the glass performance.

3. Glue insulating glass?

Features: It combines the advantages of insulating glass and laminated glass. ?

Common specifications: 6+9 A+5+0.76 PVB+5, 6+ 12 A+5+0.76 PVB+5, 5+1.14pvb+5+12a+5, 6+.

Applicable places: suitable for most scenes in the home, especially bedrooms facing the street, sunny roofs, life balcony, etc?

Not applicable places: kitchen, bathroom, balcony and other scenes are not in great demand. ?

Note: Although laminated insulating glass is very suitable for home decoration glass, the yield is low because of one more production process, so the price will be about twice as expensive as insulating glass and laminated glass. Therefore, it is good to choose insulating glass in places where the requirements for sound insulation are not high, such as kitchens and bathrooms, and in places where the requirements for heat insulation are not high on balconies for drying clothes. ?

Laminated insulating glass, you can simply think of it as a collection of insulating glass and laminated glass, which has both advantages, especially in terms of sound insulation and heat insulation performance, it can isolate all kinds of noises of high, medium and low frequencies and save the electricity bill of air conditioning in four seasons. ?

But notice that it has three limitations: first, the price is almost the sum of insulating glass and laminated glass of the same specification, which is expensive; Second, the thickness of laminated insulating glass is large, which needs to match the size of window frame when matching; Third, the laminated insulating glass is composed of three pieces of glass, which is relatively heavy. It is necessary to pay special attention to the hardware of the window sash and the glass fixing process. ?

Because of its price, we can use it selectively in the process of home improvement to improve the cost performance. ?

4. Low-emissivity coated glass

Features: greatly reduce the thermal conductivity of glass, thus improving the thermal insulation performance of glass. ?

Common specifications: 5 low E+ 12 A+5, 6 low E+ 12 A+6, 6 low E+ 12 A+5+0.76 PVB +5 (note: 5 low E+ 12 A+).

Applicable places: suitable for scenes with large glass area and sufficient light, such as south bedroom, sun room and floating window sill. ?

Inapplicable places: shady places, kitchens, bathrooms and other places are of little use. ?

Note: Strictly speaking, Low-E coated glass is not a classification of glass, but a coating process of glass. When buying glass, you can let the boss upgrade to Low-E glass with low thermal conductivity (Peng Ge is listed separately here to better distinguish classified glass; )

Significance of Low-E glass: As shown in the lower right corner of the above picture, Low-E glass has been widely used in the field of engineering curtain walls because of its energy-saving characteristics.

With the maturity of production technology, the increase of manufacturers and the reduction of production cost, it is very cost-effective, which is very suitable for home improvement doors and windows. For example, if you upgrade to Low-E glass, the price may rise by tens of yuan/m 2, which can be reflected from the indoor living experience and recovered from the saved electricity bill. ?

Principle of Low-E glass: The scientific name of Low-E glass is "low-emissivity coated glass". I coat a layer of metallic silver film on the inner surface of glass, and use the characteristics of special metal to reflect light waves in the far infrared region to enhance the ability of glass to reflect heat energy, thus greatly improving the thermal insulation effect.

Light transmittance of Low-E glass: the light transmittance of Low-E glass is directly proportional to the thermal conductivity, and the lower the light transmittance, the lower the thermal conductivity. Therefore, it is suggested that the rooms with poor lighting on low floors should use high-light-transmission Low-E glass with a light transmittance of over 70%, and the rooms with good lighting on high floors should use medium-light-transmission Low-E glass with a light transmittance of 50-60%.

03 configuration of glass

At present, the mainstream of the home improvement market is these four kinds of glass (actually, there are three kinds, and the low E film is a further addition of glass). After understanding their advantages and disadvantages, we can decide how to increase or decrease the matching glass according to our own situation and budget:

After determining the type of glass, we can also determine the thickness of glass, hollow layer and interlayer, and whether to increase the Low-E film and light transmittance.

First: General appropriation and total budget

For most families, 5+ 12 A+5 tempered insulating glass configuration is enough. The only thing to consider is whether to add Low-E. If the budget is sufficient, the whole house configuration can be directly replaced with 6(Low-E)+9 A+5+0.76 PVB+5 laminated hollow Low-E glass.

Second: Differentiate to meet the demand.

Of course, the highest glass in the whole house will definitely cost more. In order to apply what we have learned and budget, we can choose different glass configurations:

Choose an acceptable quotation for glass basic configuration for unimportant kitchen, balcony and other scenes; ?

For scenes with strong sound insulation requirements, such as bedrooms, glue is added according to the budget, and the thickness of glass, hollow layer and glue layer is increased; In the bay window and life balcony scene with strong thermal insulation requirements, the Low-E film should be added according to the budget in the basic configuration, whether to add glue or not, and increase the thickness of glass, hollow layer and glue layer; ?

In the bathroom, it is required to add a frosted layer on the basis of insulating glass; In the research, an ultra-high permeability glass is required ...?

Finally, add another sentence: reasonable installation is also a prerequisite for the performance of doors and windows to reach the standard.

This answer comes from living well with users, many decoration strategies and home experience. Welcome to the Life Good APP.