How to "squeeze" extracurricular reading into Chinese classes

The class period is divided into two, and no more than 4/5 (lower grade) and 3/4 (senior grade) time are used for classroom teaching to strengthen the double foundation, grasp the fundamentals, and complete The tasks specified in the textbooks are a line; use no less than 1/5 (lower grade) and 1/4 (senior grade) time to set up free reading and writing classes and introduce courses. Students can choose their own textbooks for free reading and writing to strengthen students' ability to read and write freely. Chinese language practice ability, expanding students’ intellectual background, enhancing students’ knowledge accumulation, and cultivating students’ writing ability are the second line. The first line is based on the foundation, and implements "I teach you to learn" from teaching to learning to doing. The second line is free reading and writing, learning writing skills, combining reading and writing, so that free reading and writing, implementing " You learn and I guide” from doing to learning and then to doing. The two lines operate at the same time and are organically combined to form defects that overcome each other and strengths that complement each other, advancing in sequence and repeating the cycle.

2. Implementation steps for introducing extracurricular reading into Chinese classes (1) Combining textbook literacy and environmental literacy

The focus of literacy is in the lower grades, "New Primary School Chinese Curriculum Standards" 2011 Edition It is required to know about 1600 (-1800) commonly used Chinese characters, of which about 800 (-1000) can be written. Literacy occurs through both textbooks and the environment. Textbook literacy requires teaching 60% of Class I and Class II characters. Environmental literacy starts from learning Pinyin and is achieved through three ways: First, the subject environment. All subjects in lower grades have literacy tasks; second, the campus environment (publicity board) , newspapers, flowers and trees?), family environment (everything in the home), social environment (billboards, slogans, trademarks, house numbers?); the third is the reading environment. Literacy through free reading of self-reading textbooks, audio and video materials, etc., this It is the main channel for environmental reading. Environmental literacy encourages students to learn at least one word every day. This kind of literacy method ensures that students can read in a specific language environment, connect literacy with real life, and learn literacy through application. It strengthens the combination of literacy and understanding things

and strengthens the relationship between pronunciation, shape, and meaning. The combination strengthens the integration of literacy with listening, speaking, reading and writing.

(2) Combination of in-class reading teaching and free reading

In-class reading teaching is planned according to units, with the focus of unit training as the center. The basic teaching process: ①Introduction and guidance Students discover the key points of the unit, ② read the text, let students understand the ideological content, learn to choose words and sentences, plan the layout of the article, and write methods, etc. ③Read the text, cultivate students’ self-learning ability, and verify the knowledge and abilities they have learned. ④Reading and writing exercises guide students to organize the knowledge they have learned. ⑤Practice (or accumulate and apply) to consolidate the basic knowledge students have learned and develop basic skills.

While doing a good job in in-class reading teaching, we should also implement free reading and writing classes, specifically achieving six implementations and four combinations. The six implementations are: ① Time implementation, allocate 1/5 to 2/5 of the teaching time and include it in the curriculum, ② Location implementation, in the reading room or classroom. ③ Implementation of reading materials, more than 10 books per person (fairy tales, popular science, stories, travel notes, ancient poetry, classics?) ④ Implementation of guidance, the teacher’s task is only to stimulate students’ interest in reading, recommend books, guide reading methods, guide writing reading notes, etc. . ⑤ Note implementation, students write 500-800 words of reading notes every week to promote reading. ⑥ Implementation of activities: "Three Meetings" (story meeting, masterpiece appreciation meeting, reading and writing report meeting), "Three Competitions" (reading competition, recitation competition, reading and writing knowledge competition), and "Two Comments" (reading notes and handwriting) Newspaper and exhibition review) system, strengthen four combinations in free reading and writing classes. That is: textbook literacy is combined with free reading and writing, sequential listening and speaking is combined with free listening and speaking, in-class reading is combined with free reading and writing, and conventional composition is combined with free composition.

(3) Extracurricular reading from accumulation to application

The purpose of knowledge accumulation is application. Through a large amount of extracurricular reading, students have accumulated many good words and sentences, and a large number of writing materials. Various expression methods and techniques. At this time, students often have the desire and impulse to create, and have the passion for writing. At this time, the accumulated knowledge can be put to good use through "free writing". Free writing includes: reading notes, diary, weekly diary, etc. In the free reading and writing class, students must leave reading notes every time they read a book. The basic procedure is: reading-thinking-writing reading notes. The reading notes are informal and can be excerpts, reflections, evaluations of articles, etc. Each student writes a handwritten newspaper every week. The lower grades write cheat sheets on literacy and writing. The middle and upper grades can freely write newspapers based on different themes.

Writing handwritten newspapers can fully mobilize students' enthusiasm. It is a kind of comprehensive language training that not only cultivates students' innovative thinking, but also integrates moral, intellectual and aesthetic education.

3. Issues that should be paid attention to when instructing extracurricular reading

(1) Good reading materials should be recommended when instructing extracurricular reading

Today’s extracurricular readings are all-encompassing , good and bad vary. Not all are suitable for primary school students to read. Our teachers must guide and help students choose reading materials. The selected reading materials must have healthy content, broad themes, standardized language, moderate depth, and diverse genres and styles, and should be acceptable to students. Readings can be randomly recommended to students based on the actual teaching situation.

1. Recommended readings combined with classroom teaching.

For example, after learning "The Little Match Girl", you can recommend students to read other fairy tales by Andersen. After learning "Three Visits to the Thatched Cottage", you can recommend students to read "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms".

2. Recommended readings combined with extracurricular activities.

In order to cooperate with an activity carried out by society, school or class, teachers can recommend relevant books to students. For example, after the class has held a class meeting with the theme of "Learning from Heroes", students can be recommended to read "The Story of Lei Feng", "The Story of Lai Ning", "Young Mao Zedong", etc.

3. Recommend newspapers and magazines.

It can be combined with Chinese classroom teaching and selectively recommend to students to subscribe to newspapers and periodicals such as: "Innovative Composition", "Hundred Composition Guides", "Juvenile Intellectual Development Newspaper", etc. In order to increase students' reading volume and obtain new information in a timely manner.

4. Recommend film and television programs.

Nowadays, television has entered thousands of households. Teachers can guide students to absorb the essence of film and television and enrich extracurricular life. Our teachers can set time according to the program content for students to watch, giving full play to the fast update speed of TV information and rich knowledge. Advantages. For example, programs such as "News Network", "Happy Dictionary" and "Scientific Exploration" are recommended to broaden students' horizons.

(2) Teach students good reading methods

After recommending good reading materials to students, teachers must also gradually cultivate students' good reading habits. Teach the correct way to read. Students are required to "do not read without writing" and write good reading notes.

4. Principles that should be followed when extracurricular reading enters the Chinese classroom

We ask students to read more. Our original intention is to promote external reading and improve students’ Chinese literacy. We do not expect every student to read more. What kind of great writer or literary giant can you become after reading a lot of extracurricular books? I just hope that they can shift their time and interest in watching TV online, transform from "Internet worms" and "TV worms" into "bookworms", and develop a good habit of lifelong reading. It is enough to be constantly inspired by books, gain insights, and improve one's self-cultivation. Implementing extracurricular reading and stimulating students' interest in reading

does not happen overnight, nor is it immediate. It is not a tangible process. Students are playful and active, and they cannot be "hungry" for reading all of a sudden. They must follow the guidance and gradually make reading a habit and a need in life.

In short, the introduction of extracurricular reading into Chinese classes is conducive to giving full play to the main role of students, stimulating students' interest in reading, expanding the scope of reading, expanding students' horizons, and breaking through the limitations of the classroom. There are plans to guide students to explore a wide range of fields beyond textbooks, and students have independent access to a wide range of information resources, which opens more windows for students to understand the world. The mutual promotion inside and outside the classroom and the mutual transfer of knowledge and abilities can greatly promote the improvement of students' quality.