What preferential policies does the state have for retired soldiers?

Editor's Note: In recent years, with the development of the socialist market economy and the deepening of various reforms of the state and the armed forces, the CPC Central Committee, the State Council and the Central Military Commission have made a series of adjustments and reforms to the policy of special care and resettlement, and introduced many new policies and regulations. Some time ago, this newspaper received many letters and calls from soldiers asking questions about special care and resettlement. These problems seem small, but they are directly related to the vital interests of soldiers. In order to let the officers and men master these policies, fully understand the state's care and eliminate worries, recently, we specially invited two special consultants, Gu Lei and Li Yunpeng from the Special Care and Resettlement Bureau of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, to an armored regiment in Beijing to have a face-to-face discussion and exchange with more than 500 officers and men in a "question-and-answer" way, and answered many questions raised by officers and men in the special care and resettlement on the spot, and answered some questions with strong policies repeatedly. This move was welcomed by grassroots officers and men. With the consent of the Special Care and Resettlement Bureau of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the answers of Comrade Gu Lei and Comrade Li Yunpeng are now published for the reference of officers and men in the army.

A: What you have reflected is a common problem in current letters and visits. Regarding the question of whether soldiers are entitled to preferential payments when they are admitted to military schools from the army, Articles 18 and 54 of the Military Service Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) promulgated by 1998 clearly stipulate: "The term of active service for conscripts is two years"; During the period of active service, the families of conscripts shall be given preferential treatment by the local people's government, and the standard of preferential treatment shall not be lower than the local average living standard. The specific measures shall be formulated by the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government. Judging from the provisions of the new military service law, the scope, standards and implementation methods of preferential treatment are clear, that is, only the conscripts who have served in active service for two years are given preferential treatment.

Before the implementation of the new military service law, China's military service system stipulated that conscripts should serve in active service for three years. After the service expires, there are still cases of overtime service before being selected as volunteers. Therefore, the Ministry of Civil Affairs stipulates in the Interpretation of Several Specific Issues Concerning the Implementation of the Regulations on Pension and Preferential Treatment for Soldiers: "Preferential payments shall be paid according to the years of active service of conscripts as stipulated in the Military Service Law. Units and organs at or above the regimental level shall notify the local government in a timely manner and may continue to give preferential treatment. " At that time, when conscripts were admitted to the military academy in the second year, if they stopped giving preferential treatment, there would be an imbalance between them and conscripts who were still serving in the army or who had served beyond the time limit. In order to encourage conscripts to go to school for further study, many places treat students admitted to military schools from the army as objects of extended service in practical work, and give certain preferential treatment according to the notice of the army. However, there is a new imbalance in this way, because according to the regulations, students directly recruited from local military academies do not enjoy preferential treatment. It is unreasonable that two kinds of treatment exist at the same time in the same military school, which enrolls local students and military school students.

After the promulgation of the new military service law, the term of active service for conscripts was uniformly set at two years, and the extended service was cancelled. After the expiration of service, conscripts either retired from active service or were selected as non-commissioned officers. According to the regulations of the General Staff Department, the General Political Department and the General Logistics Department, conscripts must serve in active service for more than one year when applying for military schools. Conscripts can apply for military schools in the second year. After being admitted, they usually enter the school at the end of the second year or the beginning of the third year and become military school students. From the third year, even if conscripts are not admitted to military schools, they will be discharged from active service or elected as non-commissioned officers. There will be no balance between conscripts admitted to military schools and other conscripts still in active service, let alone compensation for losses. At the same time, military cadets enjoy the treatment of cadres after graduation, which is essentially different from the treatment of active duty conscripts; It is stipulated that students admitted to military schools from the army will no longer enjoy preferential treatment, and it is also convenient to link up with the policy that local military schools do not enjoy preferential treatment. The general office of the Ministry of Civil Affairs "Reply on whether soldiers admitted to military schools from the army enjoy preferential payments" (No.223 [2000] of the people's government) has made special provisions on this issue.

In the future preferential treatment work, all localities should strictly follow the provisions of the new military service law and only give preferential treatment to conscripts who have served in active service for two years. Specific measures shall be formulated by the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.

A: According to the Military Service Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Regulations on the Resettlement of Retired Conscripts, soldiers who were employees of government agencies, organizations, enterprises and institutions before enlistment are allowed to resume their work after retirement. However, if the original unit has been revoked or merged, the organ at the next higher level of the original unit or the merged unit shall be responsible for resettlement. In specific work, if there is no superior organ or merged unit, it is generally placed by the local people's government together with other retired soldiers.

A: It is understood that the reform of China's household registration management system is still under study. We are highly concerned about this and are studying and formulating corresponding resettlement policies. The introduction of the new resettlement policy will certainly follow the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, the policy of "overall planning and all-round development" put forward by the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, and the idea of "people-oriented" long emphasized by the civil affairs department, combine the requirements of economic and social development, and coordinate with the new household registration system to protect the legitimate rights and interests of rural soldiers.

A: In order to encourage soldiers to devote themselves to national defense and make contributions, retired soldiers who have made meritorious deeds and won awards during their active service should naturally enjoy preferential treatment, priority and care when they are placed. People's Republic of China (PRC) Military Service Law, Regulations on Resettlement of Retired Conscripts and other laws and policies clearly stipulate this. For example, rural conscripts who have won second-class merit or above can enjoy the resettlement policy for retired soldiers in cities and towns; Non-commissioned officers 1 and/or 2 who have won the second class merit can be placed; In the army, those who have won the honorary title awarded by units above the military region and won the second class merit should be given priority in arranging their work; Retired soldiers in cities and towns who have won second-class merit and third-class merit can get extra points for taking higher education examinations. In addition, different places also give different concessions according to local conditions. Some are treated differently according to meritorious service and reward when evaluating files, and some are higher than ordinary retired soldiers when calculating self-employment subsidies, and so on.

A: In recent years, with the development of the socialist market economy and the deepening of various reforms in the national army, the State Council and the Central Military Commission have made a series of adjustments and reforms to the resettlement policies for retired soldiers in cities and towns, and established a resettlement mode that combines job arrangement with self-employment. Practice has proved that the self-employment placement method is suitable for the development requirements of the market economic system and is an effective way to protect the legitimate rights and interests of retired soldiers in cities and towns. According to the relevant provisions of the People's Military Service Law of China, retired soldiers in cities and towns who are self-employed will be given a one-time economic subsidy by the local people's government, and they can also enjoy a number of preferential policies.

Recently, the General Office of the State Council forwarded the Opinions on Supporting Self-employed Preferential Policies for Retired Soldiers in Cities and Towns formulated by the Ministry of Civil Affairs and other nine departments. The Opinions give preferential treatment to self-employed retired soldiers in cities and towns from seven aspects: eligibility for preferential policies, employment services and social security, general higher education and adult education, and engaging in individual economy, taxation, loans and household registration. After the winter of 2003, demobilized noncommissioned officers, demobilized urban noncommissioned officers and demobilized conscripts who meet the requirements stipulated in the Military Service Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) and the National Military Service Law can enjoy these preferential policies. Upon my application and the approval of the local people's government, I can sign the Agreement on Self-employment of Retired Soldiers with the Civil Affairs Department of the Resettlement Area. The Opinions are rich in content, involving all aspects of self-employment of retired soldiers in cities and towns. They not only refine the preferential treatment and help for individuals, but also clarify the encouragement and support for receiving units. Compared with the past, the content is more substantial, the scope is more comprehensive, and the operability and pertinence are stronger. We believe that with the implementation of the Opinions, the employment competitiveness of retired soldiers in cities and towns can be further improved under the conditions of market economy, and they can also be urged to adapt to the development of the situation, change their employment concepts and take the initiative to take the road of government support and market employment, thus safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of retired soldiers. Recently, various news media reported the Opinions in detail.

Answer: It is the obligation of farmers to pay taxes to the state, complete the task of ordering national agricultural products, and bear the expenses such as village retention, township overall planning fees and labor services. Farmers should pay in full and on time in accordance with the regulations of the State Council on the management of farmers' fees and services. During the period of active service of conscripts, the preferential payments given by local people's governments to their families are mainly used to compensate for the loss of family income caused by the reduction of rural family labor force, and to encourage soldiers to serve with peace of mind and devote themselves to national defense, which plays a very important role in strengthening national defense and army building. On the issue of using preferential payments to pay taxes, the central authorities have applied for it many times, and the Ministry of Civil Affairs has issued notices many times, adhering to the principle of earmarking and strictly following the relevant national policies and financial regulations. No department, unit or individual may misappropriate, withhold or default. All localities can't deduct preferential payments as withholding, agricultural tax and public grain, and must ensure that pension subsidies and preferential payments are paid to households in full and on time. Problems such as farmers' arrears in withholding funds and agricultural taxes should be solved by agricultural administrative departments through other channels.

A: In recent years, some college students have been drafted into the army, and it is of great significance to do a good job in resettling them after they leave the army, so as to encourage college students to join the army, optimize the personnel structure and improve the combat effectiveness of the army. To this end, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the General Staff Department and the General Political Department issued the Notice on Further Improving the Recruitment of Students in Full-time Colleges and Universities, stipulating that college students who have been approved to join the army and are unwilling to resume their studies after retiring from active service shall be accepted by the resettlement institution where their registered permanent residence is located before enlistment and placed according to the policy of retired soldiers in cities and towns.

Answer: During the active service of conscripts, according to Article 24 of the State Council's Regulations on Pension and Preferential Treatment for Soldiers: "If conscripts belonged to agricultural registered permanent residence before enlisting, their contracted responsibility fields and private plots (forests) in rural areas will continue to be retained."

A: This involves the issue of preferential treatment system. The sources and distribution channels of preferential payments for families of conscripts are quite different from pensions and subsidies. Pensions and subsidies are mainly composed of central and local financial expenditures. For a long time, due to the implementation of compulsory military service system in China, preferential payments have been paid by the masses, that is, the township people's government adopts the method of balancing the burden and gives cash preferential treatment to rural compulsory families in a certain proportion in the "three reservations and five overall plans". 1998 After the promulgation of the new Military Service Law, the families of urban conscripts also enjoyed certain preferential treatment. The sources of preferential payments are: first, local financial allocation; Second, the unit to which the family members of soldiers belong or the unit where soldiers join the army; The third is to give preferential treatment through social co-ordination. At present, with the gradual deepening of tax and fee reform in rural areas, there are various ways to raise preferential funds nationwide, including the traditional way of overall planning in villages and towns and the way of financial expenditure in villages and towns.

However, no matter which financing method is adopted, the determination of the preferential payment standard should be adapted to the local economic conditions and people's living standards. According to the Military Service Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) revised by 1998, the standard of preferential treatment shall not be lower than the local average living standard, and the specific measures shall be formulated by provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government. Therefore, there is no uniform preferential treatment standard in the whole country, which is mainly determined by local people's governments according to the average living standard of local people. In practical work, some places determine the preferential treatment standard with reference to the per capita net income of rural areas, and some places determine the preferential treatment standard with the per capita consumption level of rural areas, and this power is mainly in local areas. Due to the vast territory of China, the economic development in different regions is very uneven, and the average living standard varies greatly among regions. The same labor force has created different labor values in different regions, and due to the lack of labor force, the direct impact on families is also very different. Before the urban-rural differences and regional differences disappear, there are inevitably differences in preferential treatment for the families of conscripts. For example, the preferential treatment standards in economically developed areas are higher than those in economically underdeveloped areas, or the preferential treatment standards of the same company are different. This phenomenon exists objectively. With the implementation of the grand strategy of building a well-off society in an all-round way and the gradual improvement of people's overall living standards, the differences in preferential treatment standards will be properly resolved.

A: In carrying out disaster relief work, all localities often take measures to give priority to the special care recipients, including military families, that is, "rescue the excellent in disaster relief first" and "help the excellent in poverty alleviation first", which fully reflects the concern of the party and the government for the revolutionary heroes. In the work of urban subsistence allowances, according to the Notice of the State Council on Establishing the Minimum Living Security System for Urban Residents in China (Guo Fa [1997] No.29), when determining the security standard, the pensions of the entitled groups are not included in the family income. Special care recipients who have no source of income, no ability to work, no dependents or dependents should be paid in full according to the minimum living standard.

A: According to relevant national laws and regulations, participation in insurance should follow the principle of voluntariness. According to the notice of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the General Staff Department and the General Political Department on the participation of rural conscripts and other entitled groups in rural social endowment insurance (No.1993) and the notice of the Ministry of Civil Affairs on forwarding the request of Henan Provincial Civil Affairs Department on the endowment insurance for conscripts (No.1990), it is not in line with the original intention of preferential legislation for the families of conscripts to enjoy the endowment insurance for conscripts. All localities and departments should respect their wishes, do not engage in coercive orders, and do not attach any conditions. Those who use preferential payments to participate in old-age insurance should not ask the government for care if their family life is difficult and it is difficult for soldiers to settle down after retirement. In a few places, it is against the policy to take compulsory measures to provide endowment insurance preferential payments for conscripts, and it should be stopped.

A: First of all, it needs to be clear that the term "ex-servicemen employment placement card" is not accurate. Since 2002, in order to effectively solve some problems existing in the current special care and resettlement work, and further strengthen and standardize the special care and resettlement work, the Ministry of Civil Affairs has implemented the special care and resettlement certificate system nationwide in accordance with the spirit of the State Council and the Central Military Commission's "Conscription Order" and "Retirement Notice". This card is a legal certificate for conscripts, their families and demobilized noncommissioned officers to enjoy the current preferential resettlement policy. Without the special care and resettlement certificate, you will not enjoy the special care and resettlement policies stipulated by governments at all levels. "The Certificate of Special Care and Resettlement is issued by the Ministry of Civil Affairs according to the proportion and quantity of young people with" non-agricultural "and" agricultural "hukou issued by the State Council and the Central Military Commission every year. Therefore, the specific scope of the Priority Placement Certificate is for all recruits. According to the relevant notice of the implementation of the "preferential resettlement certificate" system, soldiers with "agricultural" hukou enjoy preferential treatment with the certificates of their family members, and they will be resettled in rural areas after retirement; Soldiers with "non-agricultural" hukou and their family members can enjoy preferential treatment and resettlement according to regulations.

A: At present, there are two sources of preferential payment in China. First, in areas where the tax and fee reform has not yet been implemented, funds will be raised by levying "three-mention and five-unification" on farmers. The basic practice is: taking the township government as the basic unit, the township civil affairs department will calculate the budget of preferential treatment according to the number of families who should enjoy preferential treatment in that year and refer to the local per capita income level in the previous year, and report the total amount of preferential treatment required in that year to the township government. The township finance office is responsible for collecting preferential payments. According to the budget amount proposed by the township civil affairs, it is distributed to villages according to the agricultural population (or fields) of the township, and the funds are uniformly distributed after pooling. Second, in areas where the rural tax and fee reform is implemented, three items of village retention and five items of township overall planning will be abolished, and rural special care expenditures will be included in the budgets of all levels of finance (mainly township finance) and charged from agricultural taxes. The collection method of agricultural tax is basically the same as that of various fees. No matter which of the above channels is adopted, the collection of overall planning fees or agricultural taxes needs to be carried out in the next fiscal year. Therefore, it is understandable that it will take some time for the preferential payments to be distributed to the families of conscripts. However, if the preferential payment is in arrears for several years, you or your family members need to actively report it to the civil affairs department of the township people's government or the people's government at the county level in order to strive for the timely and full payment of the preferential payment.

Disabled revolutionary servicemen discharged from active service shall be supported by the state.