What is the content of the white paper on drug control?

The white paper on drug control generally includes: insisting on strict drug rehabilitation, constantly strengthening drug control legislation, resolutely punishing drug crimes, strictly controlling precursor chemicals, correcting and rescuing drug addicts, and raising the awareness of the whole people on drug control;

The details are as follows:

1. Adhere to the position of strict drug control

The China government believes that drugs are a worldwide public hazard faced by all mankind, and drug control is an urgent responsibility of the international community. Drugs endanger people's health, breed crime and corruption, undermine sustainable development and endanger national security and world peace. Therefore, all drug-related illegal and criminal activities must be strictly prohibited.

II. Constantly Strengthening Drug Control Legislation

China attaches great importance to the construction of drug control legal system and insists on drug control according to law. In recent twenty years, in view of the spreading drug problem, China has accelerated the pace of anti-drug legislation, formulated and promulgated a series of laws and regulations, and made great progress in the construction of anti-drug legal system.

the criminal legislation on drug control has been gradually improved. On July 1, 1979, the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China, enacted by the Second Session of the Fifth National People's Congress, specifically stipulated the crime of manufacturing, selling and transporting drugs and its punishment. In the 198s, the NPC Standing Committee successively promulgated the Customs Law of the People's Republic of China, the Regulations on Administrative Penalties for Public Security of the People's Republic of China, the Decision on Severe Punishment of Criminals who Seriously Destroy the Economy, and the Supplementary Provisions on Punishment of Smuggling Crimes, which further stipulated the punishment of drug-related crimes and raised the statutory maximum penalty for serious drug-related crimes to death. On December 18th, 19 9, the Decision on Drug Control adopted at the 17th meeting of the 7th the NPC Standing Committee made comprehensive provisions on the types of drug crimes and their penalties, the penalties for drug addicts and compulsory detoxification, and clearly defined the universal jurisdiction of China over the crimes of smuggling, trafficking, transporting and manufacturing drugs.

On March 14th, 1997, the Fifth Session of the Eighth National People's Congress revised the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China. On the basis of absorbing and retaining the main contents of the Decision on Drug Control, the legal provisions of drug crimes were significantly revised and supplemented, which further strengthened the criminal legislation on drug control in China. The Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate have made relevant judicial interpretations of the revised criminal law.

Severe punishment of drug crimes is one of the remarkable features of China's anti-drug criminal legislation. The revised Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China fully embodies this principle. First, there are complete regulations on the types of drug crimes to ensure that all kinds of drug crimes are punished by law. The law stipulates 12 crimes and penalties, including the crime of smuggling, selling, transporting and manufacturing drugs, the crime of illegal possession of drugs, the crime of harboring, transferring and concealing drugs and toxic goods, the crime of smuggling and buying and selling drugs, the crime of illegally planting drug plants, the crime of illegally buying and selling, transporting, carrying and possessing seeds and seedlings of drug plants, and the crime of illegally providing narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs, and makes money laundering on drugs. Secondly, smuggling, trafficking, transporting and manufacturing drugs, regardless of the quantity, are required to be investigated for criminal responsibility and punished. The number of drugs is calculated by the number of smuggled, trafficked, transported, manufactured and illegally held drugs, and is not converted into purity. Third, economic sanctions should be imposed on drug crimes. For drug-related crimes, the confiscation of property or fines is stipulated, aiming at depriving drug criminals of their illegal income and destroying their economic ability to commit drug-related crimes again. Fourthly, those who use or instigate minors to smuggle, sell, transport or manufacture drugs or sell drugs to minors, who entice, instigate, cheat or force minors to take or inject drugs, who have been sentenced to prison for smuggling, selling, transporting, manufacturing or illegally possessing drugs and have committed drug crimes, shall be given heavier punishment. Fifth, the death penalty is imposed on serious drug criminals such as smuggling, trafficking, transporting and manufacturing drugs. China severely punishes drug-related crimes in legislation, which is the need of the actual anti-drug struggle and shows China's position of strict anti-drug.

Strict management and prohibition of the abuse of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances is a very important content of China's anti-drug legal system construction. China has promulgated more than 3 laws, regulations and rules for this purpose. In September, 1984, the Seventh Session of the Sixth the NPC Standing Committee passed the Drug Administration Law of the People's Republic of China, in which Article 39 stipulated that the state shall implement special measures for the administration of narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs. In 1987 and 1988, the State Council successively promulgated the Measures for the Administration of Narcotic Drugs and the Measures for the Administration of Psychotropic Drugs, respectively, which clearly stipulated the management of the production, supply, transportation, use, import and export of narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs. In 1995, the State Council issued the Measures for Compulsory Drug Rehabilitation, and the Ministry of Health issued the Measures for the Administration of Drug Rehabilitation, so that the drug rehabilitation work can be legally followed.

In order to prevent precursor chemicals from flowing into illegal channels and crack down on related illegal and criminal activities, the legislature and government of China have also issued a series of laws and regulations to strictly control precursor chemicals. The Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China, the Customs Law of the People's Republic of China and the NPC Standing Committee's Decision on Drug Control all stipulate severe punishment clauses for the criminal acts of illegally buying, selling and smuggling precursor chemicals, ephedrine and other raw materials and preparations used to make drugs.

In addition, the local legislatures of Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Gansu, Shaanxi, Heilongjiang, Ningxia, Jiangsu and other provinces and autonomous regions have also formulated local anti-drug laws and regulations based on reality.

At present, China has initially formed an anti-drug legal system with criminal law as the main part and administrative regulations and local regulations as the supporting parts, which provides a powerful legal weapon for the anti-drug struggle.

III. Resolutely Punish Drug Crimes

China's anti-drug law enforcement agencies strictly enforce the law, severely crack down on all drug crimes, and punish all drug criminals hell to pay.

In view of the fact that drugs mainly come from abroad, China has done its utmost to strictly ban transit drug trafficking. In the 198s, focusing on the southwest border and southeast coastal areas, we invested a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources to organize public security organs, armed police forces, customs and mass defense teams to work together, and established a "three lines of defense" to block the first line of the border, check the second line of the mainland and cut off the main roads, airports, stations and docks. In the 199s, efforts to crack down on cross-border drug trafficking were further intensified, with "blocking the source and intercepting the flow", and drugs were openly banned in major traffic lines, airports, stations, seaports and docks around the country, forming a situation of unified deployment, division of labor and cooperation, and chasing and intercepting incoming drugs. Public security, customs, railways, transportation, civil aviation, forestry, posts and telecommunications and other relevant departments throughout the country have given full play to their respective functions and achieved remarkable results in drug control. Since 1982, Yunnan Province alone has seized more than 7, cases of transit drug trafficking, and seized more than 8 tons of heroin and opium from the "Golden Triangle". In May, 1994, Yunnan police successfully cracked a serious transnational drug trafficking case, arrested the "Golden Triangle" drug Lord, and the judicial organs executed him according to law. Over the years, law enforcement agencies in China have always maintained a high-handed attitude towards drug-related criminal activities, which has dealt a heavy blow to the arrogance of drug criminals at home and abroad.

While strictly investigating cross-border drug trafficking, the China Municipal Government has continued to organize special anti-drug campaigns, constantly focusing on rectification in areas with serious drug hazards, and severely cracked down on domestic drug-related criminal activities. From 1983 to 1986, the "severe crackdown on criminal activities" carried out for three consecutive years throughout the country focused on drug crimes. In August, 1992, the Yunnan provincial government organized an 83-day armed anti-drug operation, which smashed the extremely large drug trafficking and gun trafficking group formed in Pingyuan Town, Wenshan Prefecture, Yunnan Province. From 1993 to 1996, the Ministry of Public Security deployed in the southwest border areas to carry out the "three-year special struggle against drugs and guns". In 1997, the National Narcotics Control Commission made unified arrangements and launched a large-scale anti-drug special struggle throughout the country, which achieved great results. Since 1999, under the unified organization of the National Narcotics Control Commission, Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Gansu and other key provinces and regions have carried out special rectification in some areas with serious drug hazards, cracked a number of major drug cases, arrested a number of drug traffickers, destroyed a number of drug gangs and destroyed a number of underground drug trading markets and networks. From 1991 to 1999, China's anti-drug law enforcement agencies cracked more than 8, drug-related crimes and seized 39.67 tons of heroin, 16.894 tons of opium, 15.79 tons of marijuana and 23.375 tons of methamphetamine.

China has a large population, and there is a large legal demand for narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs. While safeguarding people's health and meeting medical needs, China strictly controls 118 kinds of narcotic drugs and 119 kinds of psychotropic drugs, restricting their production, marketing, use, import and export, and preventing them from flowing into illegal channels. Departments of health, drug supervision and administration, agriculture, industry and commerce administration, foreign trade and customs, railways, transportation, civil aviation, public security and other places conduct safety inspections on the production, operation, transportation, import and export of narcotic drugs and psychotropic drugs every year, and promptly investigate and deal with illegal production, trafficking, supply and abuse. In recent years, Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi and other provinces in northern China have severely investigated and dealt with a large number of illegal and criminal cases of stealing, illegally trading and abusing pethidine and other narcotic drugs.

The government of China has always taken banning the cultivation of narcotic plants as its priority, making unremitting efforts to prevent problems before they happen. Every year, the National Narcotics Control Commission deploys the whole country to carry out the work of banning seeds and shoveling drugs. Governments at all levels have implemented the responsibility system of banning seeds and shoveling drugs at all levels, and mobilized the masses to do a good job in publicity and education and inspection of banning seeds, so as to ensure that seeds and poisons are investigated and shoveled. Local governments in key mountainous areas and forest areas organize personnel to investigate and monitor the illegal cultivation of narcotic plants in mountainous areas and forest areas every year. Since 1992, the National Narcotics Control Commission and the forestry department have organized aerial surveys, drug detection and drug shovel operations in virgin forest areas such as Daxinganling in the northeast and Lianhuashan in the northwest by using modern scientific and technological means. At present, illegal cultivation of narcotic plants has been basically banned in China.

Fourth, strictly control precursor chemicals

Since the 198s, with the spread of the world drug problem and the expansion of the production of synthetic drugs, transnational smuggling and trafficking of various precursor chemicals and ephedrine have increased dramatically. With a highly responsible attitude towards the international community, the Government of China has earnestly fulfilled its obligations under the relevant international conventions on drug control, and strictly controlled precursor chemicals and ephedrine.

constantly improve the laws and regulations on the control of precursor chemicals. In October 1988, the relevant departments of China issued a document to control the export of acetic anhydride, ether and chloroform, which can be used to manufacture heroin and other drugs. In January 1993, China implemented export license management for 22 kinds of precursor chemicals listed in the United Nations Convention against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances. In June 1996, it was also stipulated that the above 22 kinds of precursor chemicals should be subject to import license management. In April 1997, the foreign trade department of China issued the Interim Provisions on the Administration of Import and Export of Precursor Chemicals, and in December 1999, it officially issued the Provisions on the Administration of Import and Export of Precursor Chemicals. Yunnan, Sichuan and other provinces, which are close to overseas drug sources, have also formulated local laws and regulations to comprehensively control the production, transportation, management and use of precursor chemicals. At present, the government of China is formulating national regulations on the management of precursor chemicals.

gradually improve the laws and regulations on ephedrine control. From 1992 to 1998, relevant departments of China issued regulations on ephedrine management for many times. In March 1998, the State Council issued the Notice on Further Strengthening the Management of Ephedrine, which stipulated that the production, management, transportation, use and export of ephedrine should be subject to special management. In December 1998, the relevant departments jointly issued the Notice on Strengthening the Export Management of Ephedrine Products, and all 12 kinds of ephedrine, including salts, crude products, derivatives and unilateral preparations, were subject to export control. In June 1999 and May 2, the relevant departments of the state successively issued the Measures for the Administration of Ephedrine and the Regulations on the Administration of Ephedrine Transport License, which further improved the relevant regulations on the strict control of Ephedrine.

competent departments and law enforcement agencies at all levels in China strictly implement relevant national laws and regulations, constantly strengthen the monitoring and management of the production and circulation of precursor chemicals and ephedrine, protect legitimate production and operation according to law, and resolutely crack down on illegal trading, trafficking and smuggling activities. In the border areas and entry and exit ports, provinces and autonomous regions in southwest, northwest and northeast China insist on "two-way investigation" to ban the entry of drugs and the smuggling of precursor chemicals and ephedrine out of the country. From 1997 to 1999, China cracked 548 cases of illegal trading and smuggling of precursor chemicals, and seized more than 1, tons of various precursor chemicals.

The relevant departments of China have also jointly established an international verification system for the import and export of precursor chemicals with the United Nations anti-drug agencies and the competent authorities of relevant countries. In 1999 alone, China handled 568 import and export inspections, discovered and stopped 35 illegal trades, and prevented 3,38 tons of precursor chemicals from leaving the country. From April to December, 1999, in the global "Purple Action" jointly organized by more than 2 countries, regions and international organizations, including China, China discovered six cases of illegal trade and prevented the export of 1,16 tons of potassium permanganate.

Since 195s, the government of China has been strictly controlling amphetamine-type psychotropic drugs. In view of the increasingly rampant crime of manufacturing and selling methamphetamine in recent years, the public security organs in China, focusing on the southeast coastal areas, have repeatedly deployed special struggles to crack down on the crime of manufacturing and selling methamphetamine. In 1999, the National Narcotics Control Commission changed the "three prohibitions" in the anti-drug policy to "four prohibitions". Public security departments in various places further intensified their efforts to crack down on methamphetamine and other drug-making crimes, and achieved remarkable results. From 1991 to 19 99, 36 cases of methamphetamine production and trafficking were cracked nationwide, which dealt a heavy blow to such criminal activities.

V. Correcting and rescuing drug addicts

In order to protect citizens' physical and mental health, maintain social order and finally eliminate the harm of drugs, the China Municipal Government attaches great importance to and vigorously carries out the work of drug prohibition and rehabilitation, and adopts comprehensive drug treatment and rehabilitation measures combining compulsory detoxification with social assistance and education, striving to educate and rescue drug addicts.

According to the laws of China, drug abuse must be stopped. To this end, various localities have established a system of investigation and registration of drug addicts, established a drug abuse monitoring network, collected data regularly, and grasped the situation of drug addicts in time. The State Council has promulgated the Measures for Compulsory Detoxification, and the relevant departments have formulated the Guiding Principles of Common Drug Treatment for Opioid Addiction and the Measures for the Administration of Drug Treatment, which have standardized the drug treatment in the whole country. The state has also established drug dependence research centers, drug abuse monitoring centers, drug dependence treatment centers and narcotics laboratories, and organized scientific research institutions and experts to carry out scientific research on drug rehabilitation methods and drugs. Starting from the national conditions, China takes compulsory detoxification as the main body and adopts various methods to help drug addicts get rid of drug addiction. All drug addicts are sent to drug rehabilitation centers established by governments at all levels for compulsory detoxification; Drug addicts after compulsory detoxification will be sent to the department.