The history of human drilling?

In the long river of human history, drilling has roughly experienced three stages of development: well digging technology, drilling technology and rotary drilling technology. In the first two stages, the Chinese nation was at the forefront of this technology. The word "well" has been found in Oracle Bone Inscriptions unearthed in China around 1500 BC. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the depth of the well has reached more than 50 meters. By the time of the Tang Dynasty, it had exceeded140m. This period belongs to the stage of manual digging of water wells, the diameter of which is about 1.5 meters, and people can go down from the shaft to the bottom of the well. After two thousand years' development, the drilling technology in ancient China made new progress and made an epoch-making breakthrough in the Northern Song Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty. The drilling technology of "drilling without drilling" appeared. The diameter of a drilling well is the size of a bowl, and the depth of the well can reach about130m, which was called in ancient times. Zhuotong well is a kind of salt well which uses upright thick bamboo tubes and bamboo pieces as ropes to salvage brine from underground. The invention of "Zhuo Tong Jing" is another great invention of China in ancient times besides the compass, gunpowder, printing and papermaking, which initiated the world's modern "rope drilling" drilling technology and set off a major energy revolution in human history. Needham, a famous British scholar, was amazed after studying the ancient drilling technology in China. In his book History of Science and Technology in China, he wrote: "Today's deep wells used to exploit oil and natural gas were developed from these technologies in China" and pointed out that "this technology spread to western countries about 12 century ago". In l835 (Daoguang 15), China made the world's first "Zhuotong Well" (Haidong Well in Dadingzhai, Zigong City, Sichuan Province, with a depth of1001.42m), which made the drilling technology reach a new peak. 1850 (30 years of Daoguang) The drilling depth reached 1 100 m (Mozijing, Zigong City, Sichuan Province). In order to exploit underground oil, the first well drilled by the United States in Pennsylvania was at 1859, with a depth of only 2 1.7 meters, and it did not reach 338.33 meters until l87 1. Russia only drilled a well about 60 meters deep at 1848. Rotary drilling technology, which appeared at the end of19th century, was actually developed on the basis of drilling technology in China.