How many kinds of pine trees are there in China (introduction of common pine trees)

Pine trees are the general term for pine trees. In fact, in plant taxonomy, pine belongs to Pinaceae, with more than 80 species in the world, and 22 species 10 in China, which is the main tree species that constitute the coniferous forest in China. Pine tree species are high-quality materials for buildings, bridges, vehicles and boats, farm tools and appliances; Turpentine, bark, needles and roots can be comprehensively utilized to make a variety of chemical products; Most tree species are excellent trees for afforestation and beautification.

Chinese pine

Pinus tabulaeformis, the height can reach 30 meters, and DBH can reach 1 meter. Bark is grayish brown, split into irregular scales and piled into blocks, which bloom in May every year. Pinus tabulaeformis is a unique tree species in China, which is produced in Jilin, Liaoning, Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Sichuan and other provinces (autonomous regions). Pinus tabulaeformis is a typical northern pine tree species, which can grow normally at the temperature of -25℃, and can be used as the first choice material for bonsai and landscape trees of northern pine trees. At present, there are also imported materials to make bonsai and landscape trees in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.

Korean pine

Korean pine trees can reach 30 meters high, bloom in June every year and bear fruit in September ~ 10. Korean pine has strong photophilia and high requirements for soil moisture, which is not suitable for dry and wet soil and cold climate. Korean pine is beautiful in shape and suitable for street trees, street trees, scenic forests, road greening and landscape greening. Korean pine can be used in many things in daily life, such as excellent materials for making sleepers and furniture, and it also has high medicinal value.

Alpine pine

Alpine pine, like Pinus tabulaeformis, is a unique plant in China. It blooms in May every year and bears fruit in June 5438+1October of the following year. It has high ornamental value. Generally grown in valleys, hillsides, forests, valleys and other places, it can quickly adapt to the growing environment and can also be used for potted plants.

Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. Almond of Mongolia

Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. Mongolian almond can reach up to 30 meters in height, and its trunk is straight. It blooms 5-6 times a year and bears fruit in September-65438+1October the following year. It is produced in the mountainous area of Daxinganling Mountains in Heilongjiang, China, with an altitude of 400-900 meters, and in the sand dunes in the west and south of Hailar. Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica. Quercus mongolica has the characteristics of strong adaptability, fast growth, cold tolerance, drought tolerance, barren tolerance and wind resistance. It can be used as the main tree species for shelterbelt and sand-fixing afforestation in the three northern regions, and can also be used as ornamental tree species in gardens.

cedar

Cedar, also known as Cedar, exudes charming fragrance and blooms in 10 ~ 1 1 every year, with high ornamental value. Cedar is one of the world-famous ornamental trees in gardens. Tall and graceful, it is most suitable for solitary planting in the center of lawn, the center of building vestibule, the center of square or both sides of main building and the entrance of garden gate. The big branches at the lower part of its trunk spread out from near the ground, which can form a lush and magnificent crown for many years. In addition, they are planted on both sides of the garden road to form a passage, which is also very spectacular.

Five-leaf pine

Five-needle pine is named after its five leaves, which can reach up to 30 meters and the maximum breast diameter 1.5 meters. The bark of young trees is light gray and smooth. At the age of 30, the epidermis of the trunk began to fall off, extending to the branches year by year, and then the bark split into gray-brown scales, which was very beautiful. The crown of the tree is conical, and the new branches turn green to yellowish brown when tender.

Five-needle pine originated in Japan. Because of its short needle cluster, Japanese horticultural circles often sow and breed, and select excellent varieties from them, which are widely used in bonsai making and landscape tree modeling. Five-needle pine is two excellent varieties in China, which were introduced in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, and were called five-needle pine and Osaka pine respectively.

Five needles pine was first introduced from Ningbo, Zhejiang Province in the late Qing Dynasty. Because of its well-developed stomatal line, the bright green needles are especially silver-gray, so it is called "Silver Five Leaves".

Osaka pine is also an excellent variety of five-needle pine. The new buds are particularly dense, the needles are thicker and more inward than the common five-needle pine, and the tips are golden in winter, so it is called "Golden Five Leaves".

golden larch

Pinus yunnanensis, Cedar, Pinus yunnanensis and Giant Sequoia, also known as the five largest park trees in the world, are famous ancient relic plants and one of the precious ornamental trees. The branches and leaves of Pinus yunnanensis turn golden yellow every autumn, which has high ornamental value and can be planted singly, clustered, in rows or as a scenic forest. At the same time, money pine is very good wood, and seeds can also be used to extract oil.

Lace bark pine

Pinus bungeana is one of the endemic tree species in China. It blooms in April-May every year and bears 10 ~ 1 1. Because its bark is white or brownish white, it is very special, with high ornamental value and wide use. Can be planted alone, opposite, or clustered into forests, or as street trees, suitable for the front of the courtyard nave.

Cuban pine

Cuban pine, also known as Caribbean pine, requires very high growth environment and likes to grow in tropical areas. The bark of Cuban pine is gray or reddish brown, so it has high ornamental value and is deeply loved by flower friends. Usually, Cuban pine can be potted and used to decorate the environment.

Huashan pine

Pinus armandii originated in China and is now distributed all over the world because of its high ornamental value, strong vitality and easy planting. Moreover, Pinus armandii is a good kind of wood, which can be used for building and furniture. It can be used as landscape trees, shade trees, street trees and forest trees in gardens, and can also be clustered and planted in groups. It is an excellent landscape forest tree species in alpine scenic spots.

Black pine

The height of black pine can reach 30 meters, the diameter at breast height can reach 2 meters, the branches are flat, and the crown is wide cone or umbrella-shaped. The bark of young trees is dark gray, while the bark of old trees is gray-black. Its molting is thick and dense, and it is easy to break into irregular fragments, which accumulate over the years and form thick patches.

Black pine is native to Japan and the southern coastal areas of South Korea. About sixty or seventy years ago, China introduced aerial seeding afforestation in the coastal areas of northern Zhejiang, among which Shandong, Anhui and northern Jiangsu have the highest yield. Black pine can not only endure the cold in the north, but also adapt to the hot and humid environment and climate in the south. Its plasticity is strong, and it is widely used in bonsai production and garden landscape tree cultivation. After inhibiting growth, there is a majestic posture and a majestic posture.

masson pine

The height of Pinus massoniana can reach 45 meters, and the DBH is 1.5 meters. Branches spread flat or obliquely, the bark is reddish brown, thin and irregularly cracked, and the old bark is loose and easy to fall off when touched. North to Henan, Anhui and southern Shandong, south to Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan and Taiwan Province, west to central Sichuan and Guizhou. Pinus massoniana can be used to make medium and large bonsai, especially its branches, which are widely used in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Because Pinus massoniana is not afraid of damp and heat, it is also the main material of pine bonsai in Lingnan area.

yew podocarpus

In the traditional culture of China, Luohansong symbolizes longevity, wealth preservation and good luck. In Guangdong, there is a folk saying that "there is a Podocarpus at home, and the world is endless". Podocarpus is suitable for single and opposite planting in gardens; It can also be used as hedges and bonsai. It can be planted in front of the door, alone in the atrium, or in a corner of the wall to match the rockery and lake stone. Podocarpus maculatus can be planted as a flower bed, or decorated with flower beds or potted plants for indoor appreciation. Podocarpus microphylla can also be planted as a courtyard hedge.