How to scientifically design Chinese homework for the first grade of primary school

In the whole teaching process, homework design, as a basic and important link, is an important means to further consolidate and expand classroom teaching. The students of grade one in primary school are in an important period of transition from children to children. Because of their own particularity, students in this period must be interesting and intuitive when designing their homework. On the one hand, students in this period are young and have limited understanding ability. If the homework is difficult to understand, it will not be conducive to students' rapid adaptation to primary school life. On the other hand, with the development of education in China, the education reform is also deepening, and the balance between exam-oriented education and quality education should be constantly handled. Therefore, it is very necessary and important to design Chinese homework for the first grade students in primary school.

First, the current situation of Chinese homework design in the first grade of primary school

As the basic teaching of students' future study, Chinese teaching in primary schools lays a good foundation for the study of many subjects in the future. The first grade of primary school is a special stage in the whole primary school stage, and the requirements for students in this period are more stringent. In the part of students' homework design, with the advancement of China's educational reform, there are still many problems that have not been effectively solved. At present, there are still problems of excessive quantity and low quality in homework design. Although there are many regulations on students' homework in a large part of the education department, it is not satisfactory in the real implementation process, and too much homework often puts great pressure on students. Generally speaking, different and targeted homework should be designed for different grades, but the actual situation is that the homework design is not targeted, belongs to the undifferentiated and unified design, and is blind and unreasonable. The homework designed is very boring and monotonous. On the one hand, students will be under great pressure, on the other hand, they will not be actively and effectively consolidated after class. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to design and study pupils' homework.

The students in the first grade of primary school are younger, narrower in knowledge and more active. This requires teachers to fully base themselves on the specific characteristics of students in this period, combine teaching tasks and objectives, improve their interest in homework, and urge students to finish their homework actively. At the same time, through homework design, students' dominant position is fully reflected, and through effective guidance, students are helped to learn actively and independently, thus improving learning efficiency and the quality of homework completion.

Second, the design principles

(A) the principle of intuition

When designing Chinese homework for the first grade of primary school, Chinese teachers should proceed from reality and base themselves on the age characteristics, hobbies and teaching objectives of students at this stage. Because students at this stage are still active and playful, they don't pay enough attention to things, so they often can't insist on doing the same thing for a long time. At the same time, students in this period have limited understanding ability and less knowledge, and it is easier to understand more intuitive and vivid objects. This requires teachers to improve the intuition of homework as much as possible when designing. For example, you can design some tasks that need action. In the teaching of "Willow Wake Up", homework can be designed, so that students can feel the scene that spring has come and everything is reviving through their own observation. Through painting and taking photos, we can record the unique scenery in spring and understand how the willow "wakes up". You can also rehearse through the teacher's organization or find a pantomime about spring, so that students can play the representative plants of spring, including flowers and willows. In order to stimulate students' interest in learning, cultivate their ability of observation and expression, and enrich their imagination.

(B) the principle of pertinence

Because each student's ability to accept and understand is different, it is obvious that designing a unified and undifferentiated homework for this situation cannot fully meet the requirements of each student. Every student is unique. The development of quality education not only requires students to complete all kinds of test questions well, but also requires students to develop in an all-round way, show their own characteristics, promote students' personalized development, and cultivate all kinds of talents for the future of the motherland. This requires teachers to design Chinese homework in the first grade of primary school according to students' personal characteristics and advantages, so as to give full play to students' individual advantages and fully mobilize their enthusiasm and initiative. In the same class, different students have different hobbies and characteristics. For students who are good at writing and singing, teachers should try their best to give them a stage to show their individuality and effectively combine Chinese with students' hobbies and specialties. For example, in the text "Grandpa Planting Trees", students who like singing can prepare the song "The Story of Spring", students who like painting can draw Grandpa Deng by themselves, and they can also look up information about Grandpa Deng on the Internet to enrich their learning content.

(3) the principle of cooperation and mutual assistance

Teamwork should be cultivated from an early age. When designing Chinese homework for the first grade of primary school, teachers should pay attention to cultivating students' spirit of cooperation and mutual assistance, and complete some homework through teamwork. In the future study, students need teachers' guidance and autonomous learning, and teamwork is also very important and indispensable. The ancients said, "Learning alone without friends is ignorance." Since ancient times, people have advocated mutual cooperation and joint discussion. In this process, it not only helps students to exchange experiences, but also effectively helps students to constantly improve and optimize their learning strategies, enrich their knowledge and improve the structure of Chinese knowledge. It can also further enhance the feelings between students, cultivate the spirit of mutual assistance and form a United and friendly learning atmosphere. For example, two ancient poems, teachers can design homework for students to cooperate with each other. For example, one person is responsible for reciting, one person is responsible for drawing pictures in his own poems, and one person is responsible for explaining new words. Through mutual learning among students, different division of labor gives students a stage to show their personal strengths, increases their interest in learning, and finally significantly improves their Chinese literacy.

Third, optimize the coping strategies of homework design

(A) reflect the hierarchical nature of homework design and stimulate students' interest in learning.

In the process of designing Chinese homework, teachers should pay attention to maintaining hierarchy and pertinence, which can not only meet the actual situation of students to the greatest extent, but also improve students' Chinese literacy through each homework. For example, teachers can design "star-rated" homework, and complete one-star homework for students with basic deviations, focusing on foundation consolidation. For middle-level students, it is necessary to complete the two-star homework and improve their ability while consolidating their foundation. For those students with solid foundation and high overall level, choose three-star homework, focusing on further improvement of their ability. When designing star-rated homework, students can choose their favorite way and content to complete the homework, and the form is not limited, paying attention to quality and stimulating students' interest and enthusiasm. For example, to learn two ancient poems, students need to be familiar with the words and be able to recite them. Among them, the design of one-star homework can make students recite poems and understand words skillfully, while two-star students can add memory and explanation of words on the basis of one-star homework. Three-star students can further understand the profound meaning of ancient poems and the author's thoughts and feelings on the basis of reciting them, and describe the pictures displayed in the poems in their own language.

(B) to promote the diversity of homework design, improve students' enthusiasm for learning.

Carry out various forms of job design. Homework design can be not limited to text mode, but can be played, read and written. Through various forms, students can further consolidate their basic knowledge in listening, speaking, reading and writing, improve their Chinese literacy, and at the same time, cooperate with performance, singing and painting to effectively stimulate students' interest and display their specialties. After finishing their homework, students can collect relevant materials in the text, cut and paste pictures that conform to the content of the text, and describe the hidden pictures in the article through their own imagination. Students' understanding of the text can not only be carried out from the teacher's point of view. Teachers should pay attention to guidance and help students complete their homework through various angles and forms. For example, when practicing oral communication, "Where is spring?" Students can be asked to prepare first, or to express the theme by singing, or to express the scenery in spring by painting, or to express the vitality of spring and the revival of everything by dancing. For example, when learning from Grandpa Deng Xiaoping's tree planting, students can learn about Deng Xiaoping's related deeds through the Internet and libraries according to the teaching requirements.

(3) Strengthen the development of homework design and enrich students' imagination.

Chinese homework is empty of everything in Gengetsu. This can further stimulate students' study time, pay attention to cultivating students' innovative spirit and enhance their innovative ability. For example, the lesson "Sunshine in Cotton Shoes" requires students to know how to care, love and help their elders through the study of the text. Then when designing homework, you can design it like this: if I am a mother (father, grandmother, etc. ), I will take care of the children through (), I will () when the children are in trouble, and I will () when the children are disobedient. For example, when studying the Moon's Wish, you can design a topic: Describe what the moon looks like at ordinary times, imagine what will be on the moon, and what do you think the moon wants to achieve most? Through similar questions, let students give full play to their imagination and show their innocence, which can stimulate interest, cultivate innovative ability and enrich their imagination.

(4) Optimize the comprehensiveness of homework design to reflect the unique flavor of Chinese.

Chinese is a comprehensive subject that integrates theory, practice, life, drama, singing and many other contents. When learning Chinese, we should not only see its superficial theoretical knowledge, but also understand the thoughts and feelings, philosophy of life and poetry between the lines. Each word may contain various meanings, each word describes a beautiful picture and each sentence conveys a vivid story. When designing Chinese homework for the first grade of primary school, teachers must fully reflect the taste of Chinese and show students' personalized side. For the first-year students who are still very young, they are still naive and full of childlike interest. The world in their eyes is more wonderful and simple. This requires the homework designed by the teacher to stand from the students' point of view and show the unique taste of Chinese in the eyes of children. For example, in the teaching of two birds and eggs, students can make up their homework after class, such as grass () and flowers (). There is no need to ask about the content. The grass can be green, furry or Huang Cancan. Let the students fill in the blanks according to what they have seen and heard, and show the world in their eyes.

(V) Reflect the practicality of homework design and improve students' comprehensive ability.

"Chinese is a very practical course, and we should pay attention to cultivating students' Chinese practical ability. "This requires students to actively explore, obtain information and innovate knowledge. Designing practical homework helps students to make full use of the internet, books and other channels, effectively cultivate students' autonomous learning, consolidate basic knowledge in practice, continuously expand their knowledge and improve their comprehensive ability. For example, before learning the beautiful path, let students talk about what the path looks like and what its characteristics are by observing the path they often take. "Chinese Curriculum Standard" puts forward "emotion, attitude and values" as three dimensions of Chinese teaching. This requires teachers to fully reflect this requirement when designing homework. For example, the homework designed in Two Birds' Eggs allows students to go home and finish it with their parents. By observing birds and telling their parents, students can understand why animals should be protected and how to protect them. Cultivate students' good character and establish a preliminary view of right and wrong and values. Homework like this, on the one hand, strengthens the emotional communication between students and parents, promotes family harmony, and enables children to grow up healthily under the guidance of parents, the first teacher.

(6) Enrich the diversity of homework evaluation and care for the healthy growth of students.

When students finish homework with different characteristics, they should adhere to the principle of diversified evaluation, look at homework from different angles, give affirmation and encouragement in various ways, correct mistakes in homework in time, care for their hearts and let them grow up healthily in a positive, optimistic and cheerful atmosphere. All students should be treated equally, and students should not be ruthlessly classified according to their grades. Especially for the "students with learning difficulties" in the class, teachers should pay more energy and feelings than others, and help the "students with learning difficulties" to make progress slowly through correct guidance and timely encouragement. The evaluation of homework should break the past single evaluation methods such as scores and grades, such as expression evaluation and picture evaluation.

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To sum up, when designing Chinese homework for the first grade of primary school, it is required to base on the characteristics of students in this period and improve their intuition and interest in homework. Strictly abide by the three principles of pertinence, intuition and cooperation and mutual assistance. Through diversified homework design and rich homework content, the innovation and practicability of Chinese homework in Grade One of Senior High School are demonstrated, and the unique flavor of Chinese is reflected, thus realizing diversified evaluation. It is not only conducive to expanding students' knowledge, cultivating students' good habits of autonomous learning and active exploration, but also effectively stimulating students' interest in learning, improving students' Chinese literacy, and cultivating students' innovative ability, observation ability and teamwork ability. Changing the influence of exam-oriented education through good homework design is in line with the direction and goal of quality education in China. It is also an inevitable requirement of China's educational reform.