What should you pay attention to when writing pen calligraphy?

Chinese calligraphy is extensive, profound and has a long history. It ranks first among the "four national quintessences" and is a wonderful work in the treasure house of world culture and art. Among the writing languages ??of various countries in the world, the only ones recognized as calligraphy works of art are Chinese characters, which can be said to be worth a thousand dollars. This is the pride of our nation. As a middle school student, you should write Chinese characters well. The ancients wrote calligraphy with calligraphy brushes, today's people write calligraphy with pens, and teachers write calligraphy with chalk. Whether it is brush calligraphy, fountain pen calligraphy, or chalk calligraphy, the aesthetic standards and writing requirements are similar. We encourage students to write well with pen calligraphy. Now based on some of my feelings and experiences in writing pen calligraphy, I will tell you some specific methods of writing pen calligraphy. 1. Writing posture: Writing posture is often ignored by students, which is wrong. Note: When writing, if the body posture is correct, it is not only conducive to writing well, but also beneficial to physical and mental health. When writing while sitting, the upper body should be upright, the feet should be flat on the ground naturally, the right hand should be holding the pen, the left arm should be horizontal, and the eyes should be fixed on the tip of the pen. The specific requirements are: head upright, shoulders flat, body upright, arms open, and feet secure. Head upright - head straight, leaning forward slightly, not crooking your neck, and don't lower your head close to the paper. Shoulders level - Relax your shoulders naturally and maintain balance, not one high and one low, one in front of the other. Body upright - Sit upright, with your waist straight and your chest about a punch away from the edge of the table. Do not bend your back, bend over, or keep your chest close to the edge of the table. Arms open - shoulders level, arms open naturally, left hand pressing the paper, right hand holding the pen, arms not close to the sides. Foot safety - put your feet flat on the ground, firmly on the ground, relax your calves, and spread them naturally apart. Do not stretch your legs straight or cross them, or one behind the other. 2. Understand the characteristics of Chinese characters. Chinese characters are square characters, which must be horizontally and vertically horizontal and square. Each stroke must be written clearly and clearly. When writing Chinese characters, it is required to write one character per frame. It should be written upright and generous, avoid skewing, and avoid two characters with consecutive strokes. 3. You must master the frame and structure of Chinese characters. Characters that are not composed of radicals or other structures are called single characters. Such as "person", "hand", "foot", "up", "down", "big", "small", "mountain", "water", etc. The strokes of single-style characters are generally smaller, and when writing, pay attention to the even and appropriate matching of strokes. When writing single-character characters, you should pay attention to the following aspects: (1) Keep the center of gravity steady. When writing, you need to be symmetrical. Such as: "Zhong", "Mountain", "Tu", etc. (2) Horizontal and vertical horizontal and vertical strokes require horizontal strokes to be written stably and straightly; vertical strokes require vertical strokes not to slant to the left or right. Such as: "ten", "up", "down", etc. (3) Highlight the main strokes. Single-character characters usually have one or two main strokes. The main strokes refer to the main strokes in the characters. To write the main stroke well, firstly, it must be highlighted, secondly, its position in the word must be properly arranged, and thirdly, its relationship with other strokes must be properly handled. Such as "zi", "niu", "you", etc. (4) Appropriate oblique and upright strokes. Appropriate oblique and upright strokes mainly refer to the matching of left and right strokes. When writing, the left and right strokes must be proportional in length and have similar inclinations. Such as "big", "wen", "husband", etc. (5) Density and symmetry means that some single-character characters have more horizontal strokes, such as "迿" and "Zhi"; some have more vertical strokes, such as "世" and "ER". When writing, pay attention to the even spacing between horizontal and vertical strokes, and the matching of strokes so that they are neither cramped nor loose. (6) Single-style characters of appropriate size generally have fewer strokes. When writing, the characters should be full, cheerful, and generous. Such as "一", "口", "上", "千", etc. {Combined characters} A character that is composed of several single-character characters or a combination of a single-character character and a radical is called a combined character. The structural forms of combined characters mainly include upper-lower structure, upper-middle-lower structure, left-right structure, left-middle-right structure, surrounding structure, etc. When arranging the structure, we should not only arrange the relationship between strokes, but also pay attention to the matching proportions of each part. (1) Upper-bottom structure The combined character with upper-lower structure is composed of upper and lower parts. The characteristic of the glyph is that the upper and lower parts are arranged longer. When writing, try to make each part as flat as possible to obtain the overall square shape of the character. At the same time, pay attention to the mutual support and interpenetration of the upper and lower parts. Characters with an up-and-down structure generally have the following five situations, which should be paid careful attention to when writing: 1. When writing, the upper and lower parts should be symmetrical, the width and width should be similar, and each should occupy one-half of the position. Such as "Yi", "Zhong", "Chu", etc. 2. The upper part of these characters is shorter and the lower part is longer. When writing, the top should be small and the bottom should be large. The upper part should occupy about one-third of the character, and the lower part should occupy two-thirds. Such as "Shu", "Shi", "Ji", etc. 3. The upper part of these characters has more strokes and is heavier; the lower part has fewer strokes and is lighter. When writing, the strokes in the upper part should be thinner and tighter, while the strokes in the lower part should be thicker and centered. Such as "Ji", "Sheng", "Cheng", etc.

4. When the upper part is wider and the lower part is prefixed with prefixes such as "宀", "人", "Point", and "文", these prefixes should be written wider so that they cover the strokes below. When writing this type of character, the upper part should be wider and flatter, and the lower part should be written narrower and longer. Such as "official", "education", "child", etc. 5. Narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. These characters are narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. For characters with long and horizontal upper parts, they must be arranged according to the structure of being narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. Such as "Benefit", "Committee", "Zhi", etc. (2) Upper-middle-lower structure. Characters with upper-middle-lower structure are composed of upper, middle and lower parts. When writing this type of character, the upper, middle and lower parts should be aligned and symmetrical from left to right, and be careful not to make the character too long or too thin. When writing, the middle part should be written flatter to make the character structure compact. Characters with this kind of structure come in two forms: upper, middle and lower, equal and upper, middle and lower. 1. The upper, middle and lower parts are equal, such as "lei", "wai", "jing" and "huang". The upper, middle and lower parts are roughly equal in position, each accounting for about one-third of the height of the entire character. When writing, you should pay attention to the relationship between the three parts according to the font shape. Each part should have uneven width and should not be of equal width. Otherwise, the characters will look dull. 2. The upper, middle and lower parts are different, such as "Shou", "Xing", "Yin", "Zhang", "Ci" and "Xuan". The three parts that make up the character are not only different in width, but also in length. When writing, pay attention to the alignment of the center of gravity of the upper, middle and lower parts, and the left and right strokes should be even. (3) Left-right structure Characters with left-right structure are composed of left and right parts. The left and right structures are divided into width, length, height and size. When writing, you should pay attention to the left and right taking care of each other, neither crowding each other nor separating from each other. The left and right structure forms are as follows: 1. The left and right strokes of the character are roughly equal. When writing, the left and right strokes should be symmetrical, and each position should occupy one-half. The radical part should not be too small, but should be slightly longer, and the distance between the strokes should be The distance should be appropriate. Such as "jing", "chu", "neng", "so", etc. 2. Characters such as left wide and right narrow are wide on the left and narrow on the right. When writing, the right side must give way to the left side, and the height of the left and right sides should be roughly equal. Such as "pen", "zhang", "jun", "wei", etc. 3. Characters such as narrow left and wide right are narrow on the left and wide on the right. When writing, you generally have to give way to the left. Such as "Qing", "Zhuan", "Li", "De", etc. 4. When writing the characters long, right and short, the left and right sides should not be flush. The shorter right part should be lower in the middle to make the whole character appear stable. Such as "Qi", "He", "Shi", "Uncle", etc. 5. Characters such as short right and long have fewer and shorter strokes on the left side. When writing, you should lean up and let the right side stretch, so as to stabilize the glyph. Such as "sing", "min", "ming", "stele", etc. 6. Different ways of writing next to "阝" In the left-right structure of Chinese characters, "阝" appears sometimes on the left and sometimes on the right. If it appears on the left, it should be written smaller. Such as "Yuan", "Chen", "Zhen", etc.; if they appear on the right, they should be written larger. Such as "Guo", "Ye", "Du", etc. (4) Left, center and right structure. Characters with this structure are composed of three parts: left, center and right. Generally, the font shape is wider. When writing, be careful to make each part narrower to avoid the font being too wide and flat. According to the different length and width of each part, it can be divided into two forms: "left, middle and right are equal" and "left, middle and right are unequal". 1. Left, middle and right are equal. The left, middle and right parts of this type of character are roughly the same, and each part occupies about one-third of the character. Try to be compact when writing, and make some changes to the same strokes or parts in the words. Such as "Liu", "Ban", "Xiang", "Do", etc. 2. When writing this type of character, the left, middle and right parts should be written unequally. The parts with more strokes should occupy more positions. The lengths of the three parts should vary depending on the character. They should be slightly uneven. It is not suitable to write them equally. Moreover, the three parts of the left, middle and right parts should be different. It is best to welcome, give in, pass through, and penetrate. Such as "Hui", "Jian", "Qing", "Xiang", etc. (5) Surrounding structure: Surrounding structure means that some parts of a character are surrounded by another part from two, three or four sides. When writing this type of character, you should pay attention to the matching of the inner and outer parts, and strive to be harmonious. Surrounding structures generally have the following forms. Surrounding structure on both sides: 1. The quilt for words such as the upper left and lower right should be surrounded by the upper left. When writing, the upper left side should be slightly retracted and the lower right side should be slightly extended to achieve density and evenness. Such as "preface", "bureau", "fu", etc. 2. The surrounding part of words such as lower left and upper right should be closer to the lower left. Only in this way can it be combined with the enclosed part tightly. The half-enclosed part is very difficult to write. You have to write it more stretched to hold up the upper right part. At the same time, when writing the upper right part, you should also pay attention to the intersection with the surrounding part to achieve a rigorous structure of the entire character. Such as "tong", "dao", "yan", etc. 3. The enclosed part of characters such as upper right and lower left should be closer to the top to make the middle of the character full and stable. The vertical hooks used as the frame should be slightly arced to the left, striving for harmony between the inside and outside. Such as "Si", "Yun", etc.

Characters with three-sided surrounding structure have frames on three sides. When writing, the inner and outer parts should be neither crowded nor empty, and strive to be symmetrical. According to the different directions of encirclement, it can be divided into three forms: the center of the encirclement of these words "left" and "right" is to the right. When writing, the horizontal direction of the upper frame is slightly shorter, and the horizontal combination of the lower frame is written slightly longer. Such as: "Ju", "Kuang", "District", etc. Words such as "上包下" have frames on the left, upper and right sides. The enclosed part should be in the middle and slightly above. It must not fall down, let alone be exposed. Such as "month", "tong", "week", etc. Words like "下包上" have frames on the left, lower and right sides. The enclosed parts should be moved downwards. The left and right sides should not be written too high, and the center of gravity should be stable. Such as "mountain", "secluded", etc. Fully enclosed structure: This type has frames on all four sides. When writing, the height of the outer frame should be determined according to the number of strokes in the surrounded part. When writing, strive to keep the inside and outside in proportion and match well. Such as "field", "four", "mu", "guo", etc. In short, the frame structure of Chinese characters must be square, stable, and well-proportioned; avoid being skewed, elongated, and flat. I think that after students understand and understand these writing methods of Chinese characters, they should practice it repeatedly, carefully figure it out, and write