Teaching design of creative knowledge in primary schools

Carry out the activity plan of "creating knowledge into the classroom"; In order to implement the extensive implementation of the county education bureau in primary and secondary schools throughout the county; I. Activity objectives; Carry out the activity of "creating knowledge into the classroom" and carry out innovation extensively in the whole school; The second is the focus of work; 1, learn the relevant knowledge of Chuangsen, understand the significance of Chuangsen, and define the creation; 2. Convene relevant meetings of Chuangsen, deploy relevant work and formulate incentive policies; 3. Carry out various activities to enhance the sense of urgency and mission of teachers and students in our school; 4. Promote ecological civilization and ecological security, and raise people's awareness of greening;

Implement the activity plan of "creating knowledge into the classroom"

In order to implement the plan of the County Education Bureau to carry out the activity of "Chuangsen knowledge into the classroom" in all primary and secondary schools in the county, let Chuangsen knowledge be deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, take active actions and make contributions to Chuangsen activities. Combined with the situation of our school, the following scheme is formulated:

One. moving target

Carry out the activity of "knowledge of forest creation into the classroom", carry out extensive publicity and study on knowledge of forest creation in the whole school, strive to create a strong atmosphere of mobilization of the whole party, hands-on work by the whole people and participation of the whole society in the work of creating a national forest city, realize the purpose of "letting the forest enter the city and let the city embrace the forest", and strive to contribute to the early realization of the goal of creating a national forest city in Anhua County.

Second, the focus of work

1. Learn about Chuangsen, understand the significance of Chuangsen, clarify the objectives and tasks of Chuangsen, and enhance the sense of identity, belonging and honor of teachers and students;

2. Convene relevant meetings of Chuangsen, deploy relevant work, and formulate incentive policies and work measures. , and fully mobilize the enthusiasm of teachers and students to participate in Chuangsen;

3. Carry out various activities to enhance the sense of urgency, mission and responsibility of teachers and students in our school;

4. Promote ecological civilization and ecological security, enhance the awareness of greening and forest creation of the whole people, form an atmosphere in which all sectors of society pay extensive attention to and participate in forest creation, and establish a healthy and progressive concept of ecological civilization and moral sentiments.

Three. Contents and steps of activities

1. Take a forest creation class at the beginning of school to publicize and popularize the knowledge of ecological environment protection and forest creation.

2. Print and distribute "20 Questions about Chuangsen Knowledge" to all classes and give lectures in various forms.

3. Make full use of the campus network, publicity column and other platforms, and adopt various forms such as speeches under the national flag, theme class meetings and team activities to improve the awareness rate of "Chuangsen" knowledge and the enthusiasm of participating in "Chuangsen" activities.

4. Incorporate creative knowledge into school-based curriculum, organize classroom teaching and concentrate on learning creative knowledge.

5. Make full use of Arbor Day and other carriers, plan and carry out theme publicity activities with distinctive themes, novel forms, profound ideas and effective results, and carry out a voluntary tree planting activity.

6. Organize creative knowledge contests and award prizes.

7. The Literary Society organized an essay activity with the theme of Chuangsen.

The fourth is organizational leadership.

Team leader:

Deputy team leader:

Team members:

Ma Lu town high school

The first class: lecture on the basic knowledge of creating a national forest city (1)

Students, what is the "lung of the city" that we often hear? Why do you say that? (Forests, because forests have many functions. One: Purify the carbon dioxide we exhale into the air. Two: improve the air humidity. Protect soil and water, prevent sandstorms, protect life species and maintain ecological balance. )

1. What is a national forest city?

A national forest city refers to a city whose ecological system is dominated by forest vegetation, whose urban ecological construction realizes the integrated development of urban and rural areas, and all construction indicators meet the standards, and has been approved and awarded by the national forestry authorities.

2. What is the purpose of creating a national forest city?

The purpose of creating a national forest city is to "let the forest enter the city and let the city embrace the forest".

3. What are the evaluation indicators of national forest cities?

(1) organization and leadership

(1) Strictly implement national and local guidelines, policies and regulations on forestry and greening;

(2) The government attaches great importance to and vigorously develops urban forest construction, with clear guiding ideology, sound organizational structure and strong policies and measures;

(3) Create distinctive construction modes and successful experiences in urban forest construction, and play a demonstration and promotion role in the whole country;

(4) Taking urban forest as an important part of urban infrastructure construction, its construction funds are guaranteed and included in the government public budget.

② Management system

(1) Carefully work out the master plan for urban forest construction and incorporate it into the implementation of the master plan. Urban forest construction is implemented in strict accordance with the plan, the annual construction task can be completed on schedule, and there is a corresponding inspection and assessment system;

(2) The relevant laws, regulations and management systems are complete, and the law enforcement is strict and effective. In the past three years, there has been no serious illegal occupation of forest land, destruction of forests and trees, and no case of destruction of greening achievements;

(3) Urban forest construction has long-term and stable scientific and technological support;

(four) there are clear urban forest construction management institutions;

(5) Urban forest resources management files are complete, standardized and complete with maps.

③ Forest construction

(1) comprehensive index

① The overall planning of urban forest construction compiled and implemented is scientific and reasonable, with specific phased development goals and supporting construction projects.

② The concept of urban forest construction is pragmatic, combining nature with humanity, integrating history and culture with urban modernization, and the urban forest has reasonable layout, perfect functions and beautiful landscape;

(3) Based on native tree species, through rational allocation of trees, shrubs, vines, grasses and other plants, various types of forests and green spaces with trees as the main body will be created, and an urban forest ecosystem with near-natural forests as the main body will be formed;

④ Meet the requirements of urban sanitation, safety, disaster prevention and environmental protection. Construction of protective green space and green isolation belt around the city, between urban groups, between urban functional divisions and transition areas. The selection and configuration of tree species are reasonable, and the effect of relieving urban heat island and turbidity is remarkable;

⑤ Rivers, lakes and other urban water networks have high connectivity, the forest vegetation in important urban water sources is well protected and has perfect functions, the water conservation function has been effectively brought into play, and the water quality has been continuously improved in the past five years;

⑥ The greening construction advocates saving water and energy, and pays attention to saving construction and management costs.

(2) Coverage rate

① The urban forest coverage rate exceeds 35% in southern cities and 25% in northern cities;

(two) the urban built-up areas (including the built-up areas of cities and counties under their jurisdiction) have a green coverage rate of more than 35%, a green rate of more than 33%, a per capita public green area of more than 9 square meters, and a per capita public green area of more than 5 square meters in the urban center;

(3) The forest coverage rate in urban suburbs varies with site conditions, and it should reach over 60% in mountainous areas, over 40% in hilly areas and over 20% in plain areas (over 15% in southern plains);

④ Actively carry out three-dimensional greening of buildings, roofs, walls and overpasses.

③ Forest ecological network

① The green belt connecting the key rivers and roads in key ecological areas reaches a certain width, and a through urban forest ecological corridor is built;

(2) Pay attention to the natural ecological protection of water bodies along the Yangtze River, rivers, lakes, seas, etc., and the greening rate of the waterfront is over 80%. Under the premise of not affecting the flood discharge safety, the near-natural waterfront greening method is adopted to form a unique scenic zone in the city;

③ The greening of highways, railways and other roads pays attention to the combination and coordination with the surrounding natural and human landscapes, and the greening rate reaches over 80%, forming a green channel network;

④ The construction of farmland forest network in urban suburbs meets the national requirements.

The second class: lecture on the basic knowledge of creating a national forest city (2)

1. How to evaluate and accept national forest cities?

It mainly adopts six methods: listening to reports, consulting materials, questionnaire survey, online survey, field trip and overall observation.

2. Which cities in China have been awarded the title of National Forest City?

Since 2004, Guiyang, Shenyang, Changsha, Chengdu, Baotou, Xuchang, Lin 'an, Xinxiang, Guangzhou, Aksu, Hangzhou, Weihai, Baoji and Wuxi have been awarded the title of National Forest City.

3. What is the significance of creating a national forest city?

(1) Urban forest is the main theme of urban ecological environment.

(2) Urban forest is an important infrastructure construction of the city.

(3) Urban forest construction is an effective way to increase urban green GDP.

(4) Urban forest is conducive to promoting the development of related industries.

4. What are the basic principles for creating a national forest city?

(1) Adhere to the principles of urban and rural planning and government leadership.

(2) Adhere to the principle of giving priority to ecology and learning from nature.

(3) Adhere to the principle of relying on forests and water sources and giving priority to local tree planting.

(4) Adhere to the principle of harmonious coexistence between man and nature.

5. What are the work requirements for creating a national forest city?

(1) Integration of City, Forestry and Landscape Architecture

(2) Trinity of urban area, suburb and outer suburb.

(3) Water network, road network and forest network are "three networks in one"

(4) Joe, irrigation and grass go hand in hand.

(5) Construction of ecological forest, industrial forest and cultural heritage forest.

6. What are the ways to solve the problem of urban green space utilization?

(1) Give full play to the ecological functions of trees.

(2) Cut less trees and cut more.

(3) Use fast-growing tree species to occupy space quickly.

④ Form a reasonable urban forest structure.

(5) Increase the greening proportion of climbing plants.

7. What benefits can ordinary people enjoy when creating a national forest city?

Forest cities can provide a giant "oxygen bar" for citizens, improve people's quality of life, reduce noise and increase groundwater reserves. Improving the climate conditions of the whole city, reducing heat island effect, improving air quality and enhancing water purification ability can also reduce light pollution and improve people's living environment quality.

8. What are the benefits of a national forest city for running a city?

The forest city will become a green business card of Luoyang, which can enhance the city image of Luoyang and improve the soft environment for investment. Foreign-funded enterprises will also choose Luoyang as the first choice. A high-quality living environment is more attractive to the outside world.

9. What's the difference between a forest city and a garden city?

(1) range scales are different. Garden city construction is generally mainly in urban areas or suburbs of urban-rural junction, while forest city construction includes not only urban areas, but also suburbs, outer suburbs and their districts, cities and counties. Therefore, the construction scope and scale of forest city is much larger than that of garden city.

(2) The structure and content are different. Garden City is a garden club composed of large areas of trees, shrubs, flowers and plants, forming a beautiful landscape. In addition to the above contents, forest cities highlight tall trees and shrubs as the main body of urban forest ecosystem, especially in urban suburbs and outer suburbs, large areas of high-standard forest belts, forest nets, botanical gardens, forest parks and so on. Build an urban ecological network system with appropriate total amount, reasonable distribution, perfect functions, biodiversity and beautiful scenery, realize the coordinated allocation of urban areas, suburbs and outer suburbs, and form a broadband forest network for rivers and roads.

③ Different functions. The main function of garden city is to give people beautiful enjoyment with beautiful environment and outstanding landscape effect. Forest cities play an irreplaceable role in improving urban ecological environment with their unique and powerful ecological functions. Therefore, the construction of forest city makes the city's ecological value, cultural value, historical value and social and economic value more perfectly reflected.

10. What problems should be paid attention to when creating a national forest city?

(1) To create a national forest city, we should not only pay attention to the results, but also pay attention to the process. The national forest city establishment management department attaches importance to the establishment process, not the evaluation index.

(2) To create a national forest city, we should not only pay attention to indicators, but also pay attention to connotation. The original intention of establishing a national forest city is to promote the coordinated development of urban and suburban greening from the requirements of harmonious urban and rural areas; Respect people's demands, improve people's health, improve the living environment and benefit people's production and life; It is the original intention and foundation of the establishment of forest cities to further strengthen the popularization and dissemination of urban forest concepts, carry forward forest ecological culture and raise the forest and ecological awareness of the whole society.

(3) To create a national forest city, we should not only pay attention to meeting the standards, but also highlight the characteristics. In order to prevent the emergence of all cities, there is no difference between the south and the north.

(4) To create a national forest city, we should pay attention to both construction and management. First of all, we should improve our understanding of the importance of managing urban forests; Secondly, we should fully realize that urban forest, as a living infrastructure, has a long construction period, many links involved and heavy management and protection tasks. Third, we must strictly enforce the law and crack down on sabotage activities. Fourth, we should pay attention to the formulation of local laws and regulations, so that law enforcement departments can follow laws and rules.

The third class: lecture on forest knowledge

1. What is a forest?

Forest is a biological community with trees as the main body, and it is the whole ecosystem formed by the interdependence, mutual restriction and interaction between concentrated trees and other plants, animals, microorganisms and soil.

2. What are the benefits of forests?

① improve air quality; ② Relieve the "heat island effect"; ③ Reduce sediment loss; ④ Save water; ⑤ Reduce the risk of sandstorm; ⑥ Enrich biological species; ⑦ Increase scenic spots; (8) Promote the nursery stock and flower industry; Pet-name ruby reduce noise pollution; Attending to optimize the investment environment.

3. What are the contents of forest resources?

Forest resources include forests, trees and woodlands, as well as wild animals, plants and microorganisms that depend on forests, trees and woodlands for survival.

4. What are the main functions of plants?

Suck out (inhale) gas

An adult exhales 0.9 kg of carbon dioxide and absorbs 0.8 kg of oxygen every day;

1 hectare broad-leaved forest can absorb carbon dioxide 1 ton in 1 day and release 0.73 ton of oxygen;

1 hour can absorb 1.5g carbon dioxide per square meter of lawn.

(2) reduce dust

Leaves have a strong adsorption and filtration effect on dust particles through their fluff, secreted mucus and oil. Each hectare of forest can absorb 50 ~ 80 tons of dust every year, and the dust content in the air in urban green areas is generally less than half that in non-green areas.

③ Absorb harmful gases.

Cinnamomum camphora, oleander, clove, maple, locust, Ailanthus altissima, Sabina vulgaris, Ligustrum lucidum, oak, willow, hibiscus, elm, Pinus massoniana, Platanus acerifolia, etc. They all have strong ability to absorb toxic and harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide, chlorine gas and hydrogen fluoride. These gases pass through the green forest belt and can usually purify 1/4. 1 ha Cryptomeria fortunei forest can absorb 720 kilograms of sulfur dioxide every year; 100 square meter alfalfa can reduce more than 600 tons of sulfur dioxide in the atmosphere every year.

Forests can also absorb air pollution from Cl2, NO2, HF and some heavy metals.

④ Regulating microclimate

In hot summer, the temperature of woodland is 3℃ ~ 5℃ lower than that of non-woodland In cold and windy winter, forests can reduce wind speed and increase temperature. In addition, the leaves of plants in the forest have transpiration, which can increase the humidity of the surrounding air.

⑤ Reduce noise.

The noise reduction of forest belt is10 ~15db more than that of natural attenuation in open space at the same distance, and the noise reduction of green street is 8 ~10db more than that of non-green street. A 40-meter-wide forest belt can reduce noise10 ~15db.

(6) Sterilization

Chinese fir, pine, eucalyptus, poplar, juniper and oak can secrete an aromatic monoterpene, sesquiterpene and diterpene gas "bactericide", which can kill diphtheria, typhoid, tuberculosis, dysentery and cholera in the air. According to the survey, there are 4 million bacteria in the air per cubic meter in dry and forestless places, while there are only 600,000 bacteria on the boulevard and only dozens in the forest. The content of bacteria in urban air is several times to 25 times higher than that in parks and streets.

(7) Human health care

There is a substance in the forest and Yuan Ye-negative ion, which is extremely beneficial to human health. It can promote human metabolism, stabilize breathing, lower blood pressure and improve human immunity. According to the survey, there are only forty or fifty negative ions per cubic centimeter in urban houses, one or two hundred in tree-lined places, and more than ten thousand negative ions in forests, valleys and grasslands.

When the reflectivity of green to light reaches 30% ~ 40%, it can stimulate human retina tissue properly, and it can absorb ultraviolet rays harmful to human eyes in sunlight, so that eye fatigue disappears quickly and the spirit is bright and clear. At the same time, the green environment can reduce the secretion of human adrenaline, reduce the excitability of human sympathetic nerves, make people calm and comfortable, and enhance the sensitivity of hearing and thinking activities.

5. What are the hazards of the sharp decline of forests?

From a global perspective, the sharp decline of forests has directly led to six major ecological crises: ① serious land desertification; ② Serious soil erosion; ③ Severe drought and water shortage; (4) serious flood disaster; (5) extinction of a large number of animal and plant species; ⑥ The greenhouse effect has intensified.

6. What would happen if there were no forests?

If the forest is lost on the earth, 90% of the creatures on the land will disappear and 4.5 million biological species will be extinct; 90% of animals and plants will face the threat of thirst; 70% of the fresh water in the world will flow into the sea in vain, and human beings will have a fresh water crisis; Living carbon will be reduced by 70%, biological oxygen release will be reduced by 67%, carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will be greatly increased, and the earth will become hot; In many areas, the wind speed will increase by 60-80%, and hundreds of millions of people will be killed by the wind disaster; The desert continues to expand and soil erosion is serious; Without firewood, building materials and forest by-products, human beings will encounter great difficulties in economic life; Air pollution, noise pollution and increased solar radiation will make human beings unable to survive.

Lesson 4: Knowledge lecture on preventing forests from being destroyed.

A large part of the reason for the destruction of forests is logging. So, why cut down wood? Who do you want to chop wood for? The answer is clear, it is human beings who cut down wood.

What is forest destruction?

A quarter of the land in the world is forest. Rich forests will bring us fresh air and abundant water resources. However, according to this report, global forests will disappear in 100 years. We may not live to that time, but we must consider our children. Imagine the moment when the forest disappears. All living things on the earth may also become extinct. Forest destruction, as an important topic of environmental problems, has left us with many problems.

The main cause of forest destruction

In order to use wood, a large number of forests have been cut down.

The burning fields led to the disappearance of virgin forests.

Open forest grazing to ensure large-scale agricultural land use

The development of recreational facilities such as ski resorts.

The trees were dried up by acid rain.

Forest drying caused by global warming

Consequences of destroying forests

For a long time, forest has been the most spectacular vegetation landscape on the earth's surface. It is a synthesis of trees, accompanying plants, animals and their environment. It is not only the "green lung of the earth", but also a "paradise for wildlife". There are more than 5.3 million species of animals and plants in the world, more than half of which live in forests. It is also the originator of coal, a natural monitoring instrument, a natural epidemic prevention officer, a natural beautician and so on. Wind and sand fixation, water conservation, soil and water conservation, air purification, climate regulation, disaster prevention and resilience, it is the most precious and beautiful wealth of the earth.

Although forest is a renewable natural resource, it can't bear the devastating damage of human beings. There are many reasons for the destruction of forests, and they vary from region to region. According to the evaluation of the World Resources Institute, industrial deforestation has become one of the important killers of virgin forests, and more than 70% of endangered forests are affected. Logging companies will not make long-term considerations for the environment, so they will destroy logging at will; Most logging companies lack transparency, which makes it difficult for the public to trace and determine the source of wood. All these have aggravated the logging problem.

Agricultural expansion, mining, planting and infrastructure construction, fires caused by forests, etc. It is also increasingly threatening the forest. Brazil's rainforests are mainly caused by agricultural expansion (soybean and cattle grazing); The destruction of large forests in Indonesia comes from the erosion of pulp and paper industry and oil palm planting; China also planted artificial forests, which also threatened the survival of natural forests. Although the destruction of African forests mainly comes from illegal and destructive logging, it is also increasingly attacked by agricultural expansion such as oil palm.

Measures to protect forests

4R Movement to Prevent Forest Destruction

The earth we live in is called "green earth" and "beautiful earth". But our resources are limited, and we have serious problems, such as environmental pollution and garbage. We bought all these problems at the expense of a rich life. For the sake of our children, we should do our best to reduce garbage and promote the reuse of items. As a countermeasure, there is 4R movement.

Kenya's Deputy Minister of Environment advocates the 4R movement. 4R movement is a movement to reduce waste.

refuse

→ Reject the redundant commodity packaging.

decrease

→ Minimize garbage.

Recycle

→ Promote the reuse of items. Something is broken, you'd better repair it, and don't replace it with a new one at once.

resource reuse

→ Advocate the effective use of resources. Items that can be reused after recycling should not be mixed with useless garbage.

The 4R movement can start from the little things in life. This is a spiritual expression of "cherishing things". One of the 4Rs is also good. Do you want to start now for the sake of our planet? We should pay more attention to global warming and environmental problems, which have become the theme of the whole world. For the sake of our children and our next generation, we should also cherish our earth.