General situation of Sujiabu campaign

1932 At the beginning of February, after the Battle of Shang and Huang, the Kuomintang troops around the Hubei, Henan and Anhui Soviet areas were on the defensive. Six brigades *** 12 regiments of the 46th Division of the Kuomintang Army in western Anhui, with Sujiabu as the hub, formed a first-line defense from Lu 'an along the east coast of He Sui to Huoshan in an attempt to prevent the Red Army from developing eastward. Its deployment: 46 divisions (under the jurisdiction of 136, 137 and 138 brigades, each with 2 regiments) have a ratio of 55 divisions 137 brigade, the second garrison brigade, 163 brigade 1 38 brigade. 137 brigade (owed 1 regiment) stationed in Majiaan; Guard the second brigade (owed 1 regiment) to the North Korean ferry; 138 brigade and 136 brigade (owed 1 group) are stationed in Sujiabu; In addition, 136 Brigade 1 Youth League stationed in Qingshan Branch; Guard the first brigade of Huoshan. In addition, there are 55 divisions (1 brigade), 57 divisions and 7 divisions, which are located in Hefei, Buried Hill and Bengbu, all far from Lu 'an and Huoshan. In March, in order to annihilate the Kuomintang army in western Anhui, the Red Fourth Army expanded the Soviet area eastward, retained the 12th Division of the Fourth Army to contain the enemy in southeast Henan in Shangcheng and Huangchuan areas, led the 10th and 11th Divisions of the Fourth Army to advance eastward from Gushi, and joined the 73rd Division of the 25th Army which had returned to western Anhui on 20th in Dushan. At this time, Xu He, the commander-in-chief of the Red Fourth Army, and Chen Changhao, the political commissar, decided to launch the Sujiabu campaign according to the fact that the Kuomintang's defensive areas in western Anhui were vast, the troops were weak, and there was a big gap behind the Pi River line, which was conducive to attack and annihilation. They planned to harass and confuse the enemy from the west with local armed forces. The main force of the Red Army crossed the Pi River and surrounded Sujiabu and Qingshandian from the rear, seeking to annihilate the Kuomintang troops in Sujiabu area.

On the evening of 2 1 day, under the cover of local armed forces, the three main divisions of the Red Fourth Front Army secretly crossed the Pi River from Lianghekou to the west of Qingshandian. At dawn on the 22nd, the 73rd Division and the Huoshan Independent Regiment launched an attack on the defenders in Qingshandian area, then captured Gu Lou Mountain and Liulaozhuang Mountain and surrounded Qingshandian. On the same day, the 10 division repelled two regiments of Kuomintang troops sent from Sujiabu to Qingshandian in Ruicaoao area, annihilated 1 battalion, and the rest returned to Sujiabu, and was immediately surrounded by the 10 division. The 11th Division advanced on the ferry bound for North Korea and Majiaan, and the defenders retreated hastily for fear of being annihilated. The 11th Division pursued to the suburbs of Lu 'an. On 23rd, the 10, 1/division1regiment launched an attack on two regiments of Kuomintang troops sent from Lu 'an to Sujiabu south of Hanbaidu, forcing them to attack Hanbaidu and Sujiabu respectively. So far, the Kuomintang troops surrounded by the Red Army in Qingshan Dian, Hanbaidu and Sujiabu strongholds have reached six regiments. In view of the deep trenches and strong fortifications of Sujiabu and other strongholds, the headquarters of the Red Fourth Army decided to take the tactics of encircling the main points for assistance in order to attract the defenders of Lu 'an and Huoshan to give assistance and annihilate them. Therefore, the deployment was adjusted: the main force of the tenth division besieged Sujiabu; 11th Division 1 Regiment and Lu 'an Independent Regiment besieged Handukou; The 73rd Division and Huoshan Independent Regiment continued to besiege Qingshandian, and the camera destroyed Huoshan reinforcements; The main force of the 11th Division is located in Pingtougang and Fantongqiao in the southwest of Lu 'an, occupying a favorable position and preparing to annihilate Lu 'an reinforcements. 10 division 1 regiment is the general reserve team. In addition, the Red Guards in Lu 'an and Huoshan counties are distributed near Lu 'an and Huoshan counties to carry out guerrilla activities and cooperate with the main forces of the Red Army. With the support of the local people, all the troops in charge of siege have built traffic trenches, trenches, bunkers and other fortifications around Sujiabu, Hanbaidu and Qingshandian strongholds, forcing the defenders to wait for rescue.

3 1, Kuomintang troops in Lu 'an and Huoshan sent aid to Sujiabu and other strongholds at the same time in an attempt to rescue the besieged troops. Four regiments, including Lu 'an South Aid 136 Brigade, are divided into two echelons before and after to cooperate with Sujiabu area. Two regiments of the first echelon of the Red Army broke through 1 1 division position under the cover of aircraft. When entering Liangshuijing, north of Sujiabu, and Lao Fen, Jia Gui, the main forces of the 10th Division 1 Regiment and the 11th Division of the Red Army attacked from both sides, destroying 1 Regiment, and another 1 Regiment fled to the North Korean Ferry. The second echelon saw it and hurried back to Lu 'an. When the First Guard Brigade of Huoshan North Aid entered Shilipu, it was also defeated by the 73rd Division and fled back to Huoshan. At the same time, most of the Qingshandian garrison 1 regiments were annihilated on their way out, and one of them broke into Sujiabu.

At this time, the headquarters of the Red Fourth Army decided to tighten the encirclement with one force, launch a political offensive, and disintegrate the defenders in view of the fact that only Su Jiabao and Han Ferry were left in the besieged enemy strongholds. Monitor the defenders of Lu' an and Huoshan with local armed forces and red guards; Focus on moving, resting and standing by. At the same time, it is judged that the enemies of Lu 'an and Huoshan can no longer help, and new reinforcements may come from Hefei. So, in the steep tug-of-war areas east of Qijiaqiao and Fantong Bridge, the terrain was surveyed, the aid plan was made, and the battlefield was prepared.

The defenders of Sujiabu and Hanbaidu were besieged for more than a month. Food was extremely scarce, the morale of the army was shaken, and more and more people surrendered with weapons. Under the frequent emergency of Chen, Chairman of the Kuomintang Anhui Provincial Government, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Li, Acting Commander of the Seventh Division, as Commander-in-Chief of the Suppression of * * * in West Anhui in late April, leading five regiments of the Seventh Division, four regiments of the 55th Division, two regiments of the 57th Division, two regiments of the 12th Division newly transferred from Huangchuan, and 20,000 troops of the * * 13 regiment in an attempt to rescue the Su family again. In this regard, the headquarters of the Red Fourth Army judged that although there were many reinforcements, they were exhausted, disorganized and demoralized; Although the Red Army is small in strength, it is prepared in advance and its morale is high. In addition, with the favorable terrain and the cooperation and support of local armed forces and the masses, it is possible to annihilate reinforcements in the movement. Therefore, it was decided to continue to besiege Sujiabu and Han Ferry with a small number of troops, and rely on the fortifications of the Red Guards to monitor the garrison movements in Lu 'an. The 73rd Division immediately occupied the position to the east of Fantongqiao, blocked the enemy's aid head-on, cooperated with the Lu 'an Independent Regiment 1 Battalion to advance to the east of the tugboat, and lured the enemy westward. 10 division, 1 1 division are mainly placed on the two wings of the 73rd division, waiting for an opportunity to implement circuitous encirclement.

On may 1 day, the red army decoy detachment got in touch with the 7 th division of the reinforcement pioneer 19 brigade and retreated as planned. At dawn on the 2nd, the 73rd Division crossed the steep tug-of-war of 19 Brigade, and its follow-up troops fought back violently while it was still in Hedong, destroying most of it. Seeing the first defeat, the enemy's follow-up troops scrambled to seize the old Niukou and Poshanling highlands in an attempt to hold their positions. The main forces of the tenth and eleventh divisions quickly outflanked from the two wings and cut off their retreat; After the steep tug-of-war, the 73rd Division 1 Regiment quickly plunged into the enemy's aid, destroyed its headquarters in one fell swoop and captured Li alive. The Kuomintang Army 10 regiments were surrounded on the steep east bank of the tug-of-war, trampling on each other and making a mess. The main forces of the Red Army, local troops and the Red Guards took advantage of the situation to launch multi-channel attacks, dividing and panicking. After fierce fighting, more than 20 thousand reinforcements of the Kuomintang army were wiped out except for a few who escaped from the net. The defenders of Sujiabao and Hanbaidu failed to break through several times, and all surrendered on the 8 th without reinforcements and food. The battle is over.

The battle of Sujiabu lasted for 48 days, and * * * wiped out more than 30,000 Kuomintang troops, including captured enemy 1 commander, 5 brigade commanders, 2 regimental commanders 18 people below the battalion, and seized more than 50,000 long and short guns150, 250 machine guns and 44 guns. This is an unprecedented victory of the Red Army in the Soviet area of Hubei, Henan and Anhui, and it is also one of the successful examples in the history of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army.

The congratulatory message from the Soviet Provisional Central Government of China said that this victory "gave infinite excitement to the national anti-imperialist revolutionary movement and strengthened the leadership of the Soviet Red Army over the revolutionary movement."