What holiday is August 1st?

Introduction to August 1st Army Day Every August 1st is the anniversary of the founding of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, so it is also called "August 1st" Army Day. The Origin of the August 1st Army Day: On April 12 and July 15, 1927, after Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei launched the "Qing Qing" operations in Nanjing and Wuhan, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a meeting of the Provisional Political Bureau Standing Committee in Hankou At the meeting, it was decided to use the National Revolutionary Army under the control and influence of the Communist Party to stage an uprising in Nanchang, and appointed Zhou Enlai as secretary of the Committee on Former Enemies, the leading organ of the uprising. On July 27, Zhou Enlai held an important meeting in Nanchang attended by Zhu De, Liu Bocheng, Yun Daiying, Peng Pai, Ye Ting, Nie Rongzhen and leaders of Jiangxi party organizations, and established a committee with Liu Bocheng as the head of staff and Zhou Enlai, Ye Ting and He Long as committee members. The staff group consists of the general headquarters of the rebel army, with He Long as the commander-in-chief and Ye Ting as the former enemy commander-in-chief. At 2 o'clock in the morning on August 1, various rebel armies under the command of Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, He Long, Ye Ting, Liu Bocheng and others launched an attack on the Kuomintang troops stationed in Nanchang. After more than four hours of fierce fighting, about 3,000 enemies were wiped out and about 3,000 guns were seized. With more than 5,000 pieces, probably more than 1 million rounds of bullets, and several cannons, they occupied Nanchang City. On the morning of the same day, a joint meeting of members of the Kuomintang Central Committee, representatives of provinces, autonomous regions, special cities, and overseas party departments was held in Nanchang. The "Declaration of Central Committee Members" was adopted and the Kuomintang of China was established, consisting of 25 people including Song Qingling, Zhou Enlai, He Long, Ye Ting, and Zhu De. The Revolutionary Committee adopted documents such as the "August 1st Uprising Declaration" and put forward revolutionary slogans and political platforms such as "Down with imperialism", "Down with old and new warlords", and "implementing land to the tiller". At the same time, the uprising troops were reorganized, and the designation of the Second Front of the National Revolutionary Army was still used, with He Long acting as commander-in-chief. Because the enemy attacked Nanchang with heavy troops, the Front Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to evacuate Nanchang from August 3 to 6 according to the predetermined plan of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and marched southward via Linchuan, Yihuang, and Guangchang. , went straight to the Chaoshan area of ??Guangdong. The uprising troops defeated the Kuomintang's reactionary troops in Ruijin and Huichang, Jiangxi Province, and then passed through Changting and Shanghang in Fujian and Dapu in Guangdong. They occupied Chaozhou and Shantou in late September. The main force marched westward to Tangkeng via Jieyang. In early October, the troops advancing westward and the troops staying in Chaoshan were besieged by superior enemy forces. Most of the uprising troops were dispersed. Some of them broke through to Hailufeng and joined the local peasant armed forces; the other group was led by Zhu De and Chen Yi and passed through southern Jiangxi. , northern Guangdong transferred to southern Hunan and launched guerrilla warfare. In January 1928, with the cooperation of local party organizations and peasant armed forces in southern Hunan, the "New Year's End Uprising" was held in Yizhang. Due to the "co-suppression" by superior enemy forces, the uprising troops and peasant armed forces withdrew from southern Hunan. In April of the same year, they arrived at Jinggangshan and successfully joined forces with the troops led by Mao Zedong to form the Fourth Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army, which was later renamed the Fourth Army of the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. military. The Establishment of the August 1st Army Day On July 11, 1933, the Provisional Central Government of the Chinese Soviet Union and the Republic of China decided on August 1st as the anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army based on the recommendations of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission on June 30th. On June 15, 1949, the Chinese People's Revolutionary Military Commission issued an order stipulating that the word "August 1st" should be the main symbol of the military flag and military emblem of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, this anniversary was renamed the Founding Day of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. The first August 1st Army Day was born in 1933. Its first festival celebration was held in Ruijin, Jiangxi, the capital of the Central Soviet Area. On June 26, 1933, the Central Bureau of the Communist Party of China Soviet Area issued the "Decision on the "August 1st" International Anti-War Struggle Day and the Founding Anniversary of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army." The decision stated: "To commemorate the Nanchang Uprising on August 1, 1927, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission has determined 'August 1st' as a day to commemorate the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army." Later, members of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission expressed their opinions on why "August 1st" was determined as the day to commemorate the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. The Army Day has this explanation: "On August 1, 1927, the Nanchang Uprising led by the proletarian party, the Communist Party, occurred. This uprising was the beginning of the anti-imperialist Agrarian Revolution and was the start of the heroic Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. source.

In the years of arduous wars, the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army broke through the imperialist Kuomintang's attacks and fundamentally shaken the imperialist Kuomintang's rule in China. It has become one of the basic levers for the revolutionary upsurge and the organization for the revolutionary struggle of the toiling masses of China. They are the main force in carrying out the national revolutionary war thoroughly. In order to commemorate the victory of the Nanchang Uprising and the founding of the Red Army, this Committee has decided that August 1st every year since 1933 will be the anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army. "On July 1, the Provisional Central Government of the Soviet Union of China issued the "Resolution on the "August 1st" Commemorative Movement: "Approved the recommendation of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission and stipulated that the annual 'August 1st' commemoration of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army" day. "Subsequently, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Central Government, and the Central Military Commission made a series of decisions on how to celebrate the first Army Day. The Propaganda Department of the Central Bureau of the Soviet Area also formulated and promulgated 16 propaganda slogans and 31 slogans. The "August 1st" Commemorative Propaganda Outline was issued. Party, political and military leaders in the Soviet area mobilized one after another. Mao Zedong wrote a special article "New Situation and New Tasks" and published it in the "Red China" newspaper on July 29. Bogu gave a number of special speeches with the theme of "Commemorative Day of Fighting, Mission of Fighting"; Zhang Wentian went to institutions and schools to give a special report on "August 1st and the Danger of Imperialist War". Governments at all levels in the Soviet area organized mass rallies, parades, and evening parties. The propaganda activities of various departments of the Red Army were even more enthusiastic. On August 1, 1933, the first "August 1st" Army Day celebration was held in Yeping Red Army Square. In the early morning, soldiers and civilians in the Soviet area came to Yeping Village from all directions with torches. A welcoming performance group composed of workers' and peasants' drama troupes stood at the entrance of the Red Army Square, dancing and singing. The celebration was divided into a military parade and a parade to prevent enemy bombing. , decided that the military parade would be completed before dawn. At 4 o'clock, the military parade began, military music played, and salutes were fired. The three leaders, Mao Zedong, Zhu De, and Xiang Ying, rode on horseback to review the more than 600-meter-long Red Army column. The Red Army commanders and fighters greeted each other with attention and cheers and slogans resounded in the sky. The second item was the oath given by the Central Revolutionary Military Commission to the newly established Red Army Workers' Division and the Young Communist International Division, and sent the two divisions to the front line. In order to bravely kill the enemy, the Workers' Division and the Major General's International Division formed two square formations, and the commanders and soldiers raised their fists to take the oath. The third item was to award flags and awards to each Red Army school. Each team was awarded the battle flag and the Red Star Medal was awarded to the outstanding Red Army commanders. At dawn, representatives of the central government and various parties and groups delivered congratulatory speeches, and the procession of the Red Army troops began, led by battle flags. Striding past the reviewing stand, the soldiers shouted slogans and paid attention to the leaders on the reviewing stand. The long parade walked from the reviewing stand for more than an hour, kicking off the morning fog with firm steps. The dust kicked up this unforgettable morning, embedding the two characters "August 1st" in the annals of history.