Forest fire prevention promotional content

Forest fire prevention publicity content includes the popularization of fire safety knowledge, self-rescue methods, forest fire prevention inaccuracies, etc. We can promote the protection of forests, the nature and hazards of forest fires, and improve the public's awareness of forest fire prevention.

1. The dangers of forest fires

Forest fires are the most dangerous enemies of forests and the most terrifying disasters in forestry. They will bring the most harmful and devastating consequences to forests. . Forest fires not only burn down vast areas of forest and harm the animals in the forest, but also reduce the forest's renewal capacity, cause soil infertility, destroy the forest's role in water conservation, and even cause the ecological environment to lose balance. Although science in today's world is advancing at a rapid pace, humans have still not made great progress in controlling forest fires.

2. Types and classifications of forest fires

Based on the burning location of forest fires, the speed of spread, and the location and extent of damage, forest fires can be roughly divided into three major categories: 1. Surface Fire 2, Crown Fire 3, Underground Fire Based on the size of the affected forest area, forest fires are divided into the following four categories:

1. Forest fire: The affected forest area is less than 1 hectare or other woodland fires (including wilderness fire);

2. General forest fire: the affected forest area is more than 1 hectare but less than 100 hectares;

3. Major forest fire: the affected forest area is more than 100 hectares but less than 1,000 hectares ;

4. Extremely large forest fires: The affected forest area is more than 1,000 hectares.

3. Causes of forest fires

There are two main categories of causes of forest fires: man-made fires and natural fires

(1) Man-made fires include the following Several types:

1. Production fire sources: fire for agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry, fire for forest sideline production, fire for industrial, mining and transportation production, etc.;

2. Non-fire Productive fire sources: such as smoking in the wild, cooking, burning paper, heating, etc.;

3. Intentional arson

In fires caused by man-made fire sources, reclamation, burning, smoking, etc. Causes the most forest fires. Among the forest fires in our hometown, the absolute number of fires caused by smoking, burning wasteland and visiting graves and burning paper accounted for an absolute number.

(2) Natural fire: including lightning fire, spontaneous combustion, etc. Forest fires caused by natural fires account for about 1% of the total number of forest fires in my country.

4. Three factors affecting fire

Temperature, humidity and unit flammable load.

5. Fighting forest fires

(1) How to strengthen safety measures when fighting fires

Strengthen fire-fighting organizations. One is to send comrades with fire fighting experience to serve as frontline commanders. Second, the temporarily organized fire fighting personnel must designate section and team leaders. The third is to clarify fire fighting disciplines and safety matters. The fourth is to check whether the fire-fighting supplies meet the requirements and whether the fire-fighting clothing is loose and flame-retardant. The fifth is to strengthen fire reconnaissance and organize fire scene communications, rescue and logistical support. Sixth, enter the fire from the tail and fight along the two wings of the fire. Seventh, do not start fires directly into the wind, do not start fires on mountain fires, do not start fires on cliffs, steep slopes and broken terrain, do not put out fires directly in windy weather or strong fire conditions, and do not put out fires in places with dense combustibles. Eighth, use fire extinguishing equipment correctly.

(2) What are the methods of self-rescue?

Retreat to the safe zone. When fighting a fire, the fire-fighting team (group) should observe changes in the fire scene. In the event of flying fires and cyclones, organize fire-fighting personnel to enter areas with burnt areas, little vegetation, and low flames. The second is to ignite the fire according to the regulations and save yourself. It is necessary to unite the command, choose a relatively flat place, and lie down according to the regulations to avoid danger. When danger occurs, you should choose a nearby place with little vegetation and lie down with your feet facing the direction of the fire. Scrape away the floating soil until you see wet soil. Put your face into the small pit, wrap your head with clothes, and put your hands in front of your body. . The fourth is to break out into the wind according to regulations. When the wind direction changes suddenly and the fire turns around, the commander must decisively issue a breakout order, and the team members themselves must make a prompt decision, choose a place with smaller grass and less grass, wrap their heads with clothes, hold their breath, and fight fiercely against the wind. People should be able to break through within 7 or 5 seconds. You must never race against fire, you can only rush against it.

6. Ten Don’ts for forest fire prevention (don’ts):

1. It is not allowed to burn wasteland for cultivation, burn wasteland to accumulate manure, and burn field ridge grass.

2. It is not allowed to burn paper, burn incense, set off firecrackers, or set off Kongming lanterns when visiting graves.

3. Smoking is not allowed in forest areas.

4. It is not allowed to burn bees or ants in the wild, burn fire to drive away animals, or use firecrackers or firearms for hunting.

5. It is not allowed to light torches in the forest area at night to illuminate the road.

6. Mountain afforestation or charcoal burning is not allowed.

7. Stupid, mentally ill, mentally ill, and children are not allowed to enter the forest area.

8. It is not allowed to see fire without reporting or rescuing.

9. It is not allowed to keep warm or have a picnic in the forest area.

10. It is not allowed to damage forest fire prevention posters and observation towers (posts).

7. Questions and Answers on Forest Protection and Fire Prevention

1. What does “forest fire prevention” mean?

Refers to the prevention and fighting of forest, forest and woodland fires.

2. What principles should be followed in forest fire fighting?

Forest fire fighting work follows the principle of mobilizing the masses and combining professional teams. All units in forest areas should establish mass fire-fighting teams and pay attention to strengthening training and improving quality; state-owned forest farms must also organize professional fire-fighting teams.

3. During the forest fire prevention period, what are the regulations on the use of fire in forest areas?

During the forest fire prevention period. It is prohibited to use wild fire in forest areas; if fire is needed due to special circumstances, strict approval procedures must be applied and a wild fire license must be obtained.

4. Approved fire-using units and individuals must comply with the "five no-burns" rule when using fire. What does this mean?

Do not burn if the fire prevention road is not up to standard; do not burn if fire prevention personnel and fire extinguishing tools are not in place; do not burn if the weather is dry and winds above level three .

5. What do you mean by the "five don'ts" when entering the forest area?

It is not allowed to litter cigarette butts and matchsticks in the forest area; it is not allowed to set off firecrackers and fireworks in the forest area; it is not allowed to burn fires in the forest area to drive away animals; it is not allowed to burn fires in the forest area to keep warm. Barbecuing food; playing with fire for fun in the forest area is not allowed.

6. How are forest fire danger levels divided?

Forest fire danger levels are divided into five levels. Level 1 means fires can be used in weather that is difficult to burn; Level 2 means weather that is not easy to burn, and fires can be used, but there is a possibility of fire; Level 3 means weather that can burn, and fires must be controlled; Level 4 means high temperatures that are easy to burn. In fire danger weather, the use of fire should be stopped in forest areas; Level 5 is the highest level of extremely flammable fire danger weather, and all use of fire inside and outside is strictly prohibited.

7. What is the forest fire prevention period? When is my forest fire prevention period?

Generally, the seasons when forests are prone to fires are designated as forest fire prevention periods. According to the "Guizhou Province Forest Fire Prevention Implementation Measures", the forest fire prevention period in our township is set from October 1st of each year to May 30th of the following year.

8. Who cannot be organized to fight forest fires on the mountain?

Answer: The elderly, women, primary and secondary school students, children and the physically disabled.

9. What three conditions must be met for forest burning?

Answer: Combustibles, oxygen and a certain temperature.

10. What are the combustible materials in the forest?

Trees, shrubs, weeds, ferns, mosses, lichens, dead trees, decayed wood, dead branches and leaves in the forest, as well as humus and peat in the underground layer, are all combustible materials.

11. What are the main factors that cause forest fires?

When combustible materials and weather conditions are conducive to forest burning, the fire source is the main factor in the occurrence of forest fires.

12. What three categories can forest fires be divided into based on their burning locations, spreading speed and degree of damage?

It can be divided into three categories: surface fire, crown fire and underground fire.

13. What is surface fire? How harmful are surface fires to forests?

Answer: Surface fire, also called ground fire, refers to a fire that spreads along the forest floor and burns the ground cover. Surface fire can burn seedlings, saplings, and shrubs 1 to 5 meters below the surface, burn the bark surface at the base of tree trunks, and root systems close to the ground. Damage to forest trees can weaken their growth, easily lead to the occurrence of a large number of pests and diseases, seriously affect the growth of forest trees, cause the wood material to deteriorate, and sometimes even cause large areas of forest to die.

14. What is a crown fire? How harmful are crown fires to forests?

When a surface fire encounters strong winds or a group of coniferous saplings, dead trees or low-hanging branches, the flames burn to the upper part of the tree crown and rapidly expand along the downwind, becoming a crown fire.

Crown fires often occur at the same time as surface fires, burning the crown of the entire forest surface. They are very destructive to the forest and are difficult to put out. When encountering such a fire, generally do not fight, but use isolation tape.

15. What are the topographic factors that affect forest fires?

There are aspects, slopes, altitudes, etc.

16. What is "fire fighting"? What is "sitting on fire"?

Forest fires spread from the bottom of the mountain to the mountains very quickly, which is called "rush fire". The fire spreads slowly from the mountain to the bottom, which is called "sitting fire".

17. What are the characteristics of mountain forest fires?

In mountainous conditions, when fighting a fire, especially on a sunny slope, the fire is fierce and spreads rapidly, making it difficult to put out the fire; Its fire intensity is weak, which is helpful for putting out fires.

18. What are the principles for fighting forest fires?

Once a forest fire occurs, we must follow the principle of "fight early, fight small, and fight" to race against time to eliminate the forest fire in its initial stage.

19. What are the two ways to put out a fire?

To fight forest fires, a combination of direct fire extinguishing and isolation zone fire extinguishing is generally used. The method often used for direct fire extinguishing is to use the tools in hand to extinguish the fire directly along the fire line. The indirect fire extinguishing method is used when there is a violent surface fire or crown fire that cannot be attacked by manpower. The purpose of extinguishing the fire is to cut off the fire source by cutting the fire path.

20. What are the basic tips for fighting wildfires?

When fighting a wildfire, stand with two feet inside the edge of the burned area and the other foot outside the edge. When using fire extinguishing tools, strike diagonally inward toward the burned area at an angle of 40-60 degrees. When slapping, hit and drag. Do not hit straight up or down to avoid splashing sparks and expanding the burning point. When tapping, hit hard and lift lightly, hit quickly and lift slowly, and advance as you hit. When the fire is weak, one person can fight it alone. When the fire is strong, it is necessary to organize a group of several people to fight a little at the same time. They rise and fall at the same time, and then move forward together after extinguishing the fire.

When extinguishing a fire, you must fight section by section along the fire line. You must never leave the fire line to fight internal fires, and you must not run in front of the fire beacon to block or fight, especially when fighting grass pond fires and headwind fires. Pay more attention to safety.

21. How to put out a forest fire without causing casualties?

When fighting the fire line, it is strictly prohibited to fight against the head of the fire; do not fight in the downwind; do not fight in front of the fire line; when fighting the downhill fire, pay attention to the downhill fire turning into the uphill fire when the wind direction changes, to prevent being caught in the fire and getting burned . When cleaning up a fire scene, pay attention to scorched and tilted "trees hanging", fallen trees that suddenly fall and injure people, especially to prevent falling into "fire pits" and causing burns.

22. What administrative penalties should be imposed on those who disobey the instructions of the fire-fighting command agency or delay fire-fighting opportunities that affect fire-fighting and disaster relief?

Answer: Anyone who commits the above acts will be fined from 50 to 100 yuan or given a warning.

23. How to conduct a forest fire investigation?

After a forest fire occurs, the local people's government or the forest fire prevention headquarters should promptly organize relevant departments to investigate the time, location, and cause of the fire. , perpetrators, affected forest area and accumulation, firefighting situation, material consumption, other economic losses, personal casualties and impact on the natural ecological environment, etc. are investigated and recorded in files.

24. How to pay for fire-fighting expenses?

(1) The salary and travel expenses of an individual during the period of fighting forest fires shall be paid by his/her unit; (2) The expenses consumed during the fire-fighting period Other expenses shall be paid by the unit causing the fire; if the cause of the fire is unclear, the management unit of the forest land where the fire occurred shall pay; if there is no unit causing the accident or the management unit of the forest land where the fire occurred is unable to pay, the people's government of the land where the mountain guard is located shall pay.

25. What are the regulations for those who participate in forest fire fighting?

Any unit or individual who receives an order to fight a forest fire must rush to the designated location within a limited time to carry out the operation. Save. It is strictly prohibited to organize and mobilize minors, pregnant women, and disabled people to participate in forest fire fighting.

26. How to distinguish between forest fires and fires?

Forest fires: The affected forest area is less than one hectare or other forest fires;

General forest fires : The affected forest area is more than one hectare but less than one hundred hectares;

Major forest fire: The affected forest area is more than one hundred hectares but less than one thousand hectares; Extraordinary forest fire: The affected forest area is more than one thousand hectares above.

27. What are the common personal injury accidents during fire fighting?

(1) Being directly burned to death by fire. It mainly occurs when fire fighters are in danger and have no time to evacuate. Judging from experimental data, when the temperature of fire reaches 800-1000°C, humans can only survive for 7.5 seconds to 18 seconds.

(2) Suffocation casualties. One is coma or death due to carbon monoxide poisoning. When the carbon monoxide content in the air reaches more than 1%, a weak person will die in 1 minute, and a strong person will die in 2 minutes. The second is that in front of the fire, after inhaling high-temperature airflow, edema occurs in the throat and blocks the trachea, causing death.

(3) Falling and falling to death. Mainly due to injuries caused by broken wood and rolling stones while fighting fires, or injuries caused by falling off cliffs and falling to death.

(4) Injury or death due to violation of operating procedures. When fighting a fire, when using tools such as shovels and rakes, they do not keep a certain distance and collide with each other, or improper use of fire extinguishing bombs may cause personal injury.

28. How to control productive fire sources?

Productive fire sources include fires such as burning wasteland, burning for reclamation, blasting and quarrying. To control these fire sources, the main thing is to strictly implement the approval and formulation of wild productive fire use. During the key period of forest fire prevention, the use of productive fire is strictly controlled. All units or individuals that need to use fire for production must obtain approval from the local government or forest fire prevention office according to the prescribed authority, and strictly abide by the "six no-burn" regulations, that is, the leader is not present Don’t burn; don’t burn if there is no rain for a long time; don’t burn if there is wind above Level 3; don’t burn if the fire lines are not opened; don’t burn if the fire-fighting personnel are not organized; don’t burn if the fire-fighting tools are not prepared.

29. What is the policy of forest fire prevention in my country?

The policy of forest fire prevention in my country is "prevention first, active elimination". Prevention is the prerequisite and key to forest fire prevention, while elimination is a passive means and a rescue measure. Only by doing a good job in preventing fires can there be no or fewer fires. Once a fire occurs, active measures must be taken to extinguish it. Therefore, in various measures for forest fire prevention, we must focus on both hands at the same time, one for prevention and the other for firefighting. Both hands must be strong.

30. What are the strategies for fighting forest fires?

(1) Divide strategic fire-fighting zones. According to different fire threat levels, primary and secondary fire extinguishing zones are divided. With five natural and man-made fire barriers near the fire site, the fire can spread freely. This is the main strategic area for fire extinguishing. There are natural and artificial fire barriers outside the boundary of the fire scene. The fire will not easily expand. When the fire spreads to the fire barriers, the fire will naturally extinguish. This is the secondary area for fire fighting. First put out the fire in the main area, and then focus on extinguishing the fire in the secondary area.

(2) Control the spread of fire first, and then extinguish the remaining fire.

(3) Combining attack and defense, focusing on attack. In the case of a relatively severe fire, a fire break line should be set up at an appropriate place in the main direction of the fire development, and the fire wings should be struck to prevent the fire from spreading.

(4) Concentrate superior forces to fight a war of annihilation. The intensity of the fire is constantly changing. The fire-fighting commander must look at the overall situation, focus on defense at key parts, and focus on guarding dangerous areas. Seize the favorable opportunity to put out the fire, concentrate on the superior force to put out the fire, and eliminate the fire in one fell swoop.

(5) Sacrifice the local part and save the overall situation. In order to better protect forest resources and the safety of people's lives and property, it is necessary to take measures to sacrifice local areas and protect the overall situation when the fire is fierce and manpower is insufficient. The key points and order of protection are: people before things, key forest areas before general forest areas; if fire threatens forests and historical relics, the cultural relics should be protected before the forest.

(6) Safety first. Fighting a fire is a hard job, and intense actions often lead to mistakes and accidents in the midst of chaos. When fighting a fire, especially on a windy day, you should always pay attention to the changes in the fire to avoid being trapped by the fire and causing personal casualties. In the process of large-scale fires and long fire-fighting times, commanders at all levels must put safety first, impose strict requirements and disciplines, and ensure safe fire-fighting.