How should the victims recover their losses from the mine storm in nursing homes?

"I wanted to provide for the elderly with a house, but now I am faced with both money and housing."

Housing-based pension, also known as "reverse mortgage loan" or "reverse mortgage", refers to a way for the elderly to mortgage their own property houses in order to obtain a certain amount of pension or receive services from apartments for the elderly on a regular basis. After the old man dies, the bank or insurance company takes back the right to use the house.

since Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Wuhan launched the pilot project of reverse mortgage pension insurance for the elderly in 214, some people engaged in illegal fund-raising schemes under the banner of "providing for the elderly with housing", which cast a shadow over the promotion of "providing for the elderly with housing".

Illegal fund-raising scam

According to the report on the development of pension finance in China, the housing ownership rate of urban elderly in China is 75.7%, but at the same time, the elderly lack the ability to identify risks, and there are many kinds of scams aimed at the elderly.

For example, last year, Beijing Zhongan Minsheng Asset Management Co., Ltd. made a lot of noise about the "housing for the elderly" scam.

Zhongan Minsheng Asset Management Co., Ltd. held large-scale publicity activities in several communities in Beijing in the name of official institutions such as the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the National Committee on Aging, and the China Foundation for the Development of Ageing, selling "house-to-house pension" products to the elderly.

zhong' an Minsheng promised to the elderly that if the property is mortgaged, the company will give them a "pension" according to the annualized income of 4% to 6% of the mortgage amount, and each household will get tens of thousands of yuan of "pension" every year after the mortgage. In order to reassure the elderly, the company promised that the mortgage of "providing for the elderly with a house" can be withdrawn at any time.

But in fact, Zhongan Minsheng Asset Management Co., Ltd. changed hands and mortgaged the houses of these old people to a small loan company at an annual interest rate of 24%.

Because these old people can't understand the terms of the contract at all, they signed the House Mortgage Contract prepared by the small loan company in a muddle. The contract allows small loan companies to sell or auction the property at a discount.

Zhongan Minsheng no longer repays small loan companies. When small loan companies come to collect money, the old people find that the so-called "housing for the elderly" is actually a scam. Although the police have detained 88 suspects, including the actual controller of the company, some victims are at risk of being auctioned off, and the old people may lose their life savings.

This has undoubtedly poured a pot of cold water on the just-started "providing for the elderly with housing".

In March, 215, the first domestic "house-to-house pension" insurance product Happiness Life "Happiness House Laibao Housing Reverse Mortgage Pension Insurance (A)" was launched. By July, 219, the "house-to-house pension" insurance had covered a total of 194 policies (133 households). PICC Life Insurance "Anjule" was listed in the second half of 216. Up to now, the number of insured persons is only about 1.

At present, the product of "Happy House Laibao Housing Reverse Mortgage Pension Insurance (A)" cannot be retrieved on official website of Happy Life.

stones from other mountains

in April p>22, the survey and statistics department of the central bank wrote in China Finance that the urban housing ownership rate in China reached 96%, and among the major countries in the world, the family housing ownership rate in China may be the first in the world.

According to the data of Global Economic Indicators Network, the home ownership rate in developed countries is mostly around 6%. By the end of 217, it was 64.2% in the United States, 61.9% in Japan, 66.5% in Canada, 64.2% in Britain and 64.9% in France.

this may provide the basic conditions for the implementation of "housing for the elderly". An old man living in a first-tier city may not have much cash income. As long as he has a set of "old and small" houses under his name, it is worth millions or even tens of millions. However, assets can't be directly realized for consumption, even if there are tens of millions, it is still the so-called "rich in housing and poor in cash".

No matter from the positioning design of the product itself or from the practical exploration of "providing for the elderly with housing" at home and abroad, "providing for the elderly with housing" is only a minority product, and its application targets are usually elderly customers who have independent real estate, empty nesters and so on.

among the qualified potential population, the participation rate in the United States, where the "housing for the aged" business is the most mature, is only about 3%, and that in Britain is about .2%.

The model of "providing for the aged with housing" originated in the Netherlands as early as 193s, and was later widely popularized in the United States, Britain, Singapore and Japan. American model: that is, supported by government participation and government subsidy plan, adopting a model similar to "mortgage for regular pension payment" to provide the elderly with similar salary for old-age living expenses. The "American model" can be subdivided into three types: the mortgage type of federal government insurance (assured insurance), the removal type accepted by the Federal National Mortgage Association and the * * * enjoyment type introduced by commercial lending institutions. Among them, "mortgage" is the most common in the United States. Canadian model: Canadian elderly people over 62 can mortgage their houses to banks or financial management companies in exchange for a mortgage loan for providing for the elderly. The interest rate of this mortgage loan is generally favorable, and the total amount depends on the value of the property and the personal wishes of the elderly. The upper limit is 3, Canadian dollars, and the lowest is 15, Canadian dollars. This "reverse mortgage" money can be used by the elderly at will, and the only guarantee is that the property rights of the mortgaged property cannot be changed. Singapore model: Older people over 6 can apply to mortgage their houses to public welfare institutions with government background, and these institutions will pay their pensions in one lump sum or in installments. In Singapore, the elderly over 55 are called "senior citizens". These elderly people can receive pensions from provident fund accounts, or they can rent out their own properties to support the elderly at rent. The Singapore government also provides a kind of old-age apartment.

previously, according to the 13th Five-Year National Plan for the Development of the Cause for the Aged and the Construction of the Pension System issued by the State Council, it is estimated that the population over 6 will increase to about 255 million in 22.

At present, the average income replacement rate of social basic old-age insurance in China is less than 5%, so it is difficult for most people to reach the expected retirement income level only by relying on social basic old-age insurance.

Although "providing for the aged with housing" is faltering at present, the model of "providing for the aged with housing" itself still has prospects.

raising children for old age?

it is a long-standing old saying to raise children to prevent old age, and filial piety is an important link to link the intergenerational relationship between father and son. Behind the concept of "son preference" is still the problem of old-age support. Living in an economic unit is paternalistic. Daughter-in-law is married from someone else's house, and her own daughter is married to someone else's house.

The data of "Survey on the Public's Concept of Providing for the Aged in China" shows that although the old people still have a high degree of recognition of the concept of "raising children to prevent the elderly", the recognition of young people on this concept has weakened to some extent.

the parents of the "post-8s" generation have entered retirement age, and the post-8s generation should not only take the responsibility of raising their children, but also support their parents, while the "post-9s" generation was born in a more typical "4+2+1" family. This generation has a more open concept of childbearing, which invisibly aggravates their pressure of providing for the elderly.

since 198s, the Dink family has quietly appeared in China. Up to now, in the past 4 years, the "Dink family" in China has gradually grown, with more than 6, people. In a blink of an eye, the first batch of "Dink Family" in China has also entered their old age. As early as 1993, among the 61.8 million families in the United States, 34.8 million families had no children, and the proportion of Dink families far exceeded 5%.

Under the background of the increasingly aging population and the increasing burden of social insurance, the "housing for the aged" model is undoubtedly full of great charm.

In May, 22, the NPC and CPPCC passed the first Civil Code in China, which explicitly added the usufructuary right of "residence", and defined the use attribute of housing as a property right separately. In the future, residents can register their residence right by agreement, and the registered residence right can resist the certificate of housing ownership, which can better guarantee "home ownership".

A number of people in the legal profession said that this system is helpful to provide legal protection for public rental housing and the elderly to provide for the elderly. "As long as the right holder does not die, the purchaser will not be able to obtain the right to live in the house."