Seeking knowledge of Zhanjiang geography

ZhàNJāng is a prefecture-level city in Guangdong Province and one of the first coastal port cities in China. National first-class city, the top 50 cities in China. The transportation center of western Guangdong province and Beibu Gulf, the economic center of western Guangdong and Beibu Gulf economic circle, and the logistics center of southwest sea passage.

Chinese name: Zhanjiang

Mbth: Zhanjiang

Alias: Gangcheng, old English translation: Tsankiang

Administrative category: prefecture-level cities

Location: Guangdong Province

Area under its jurisdiction: Chikan District, etc.

Government Resident: Chikan District

Telephone area code: 0759

Postal code: 524001-524575

Location: Southwest of Guangdong Province

Area: 12490 km2

Population: 7.25 million, including 2.94 million urban residents.

Dialects: Leizhou dialect, vernacular, elegant language, etc.

Climatic conditions: subtropical maritime monsoon climate.

Famous scenic spots: Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve, etc.

Airports: Zhanjiang Airport and Zhanjiang Xintang Airport.

Railway Station: Zhanjiang Railway Station

License plate code: Guangdong g

Original name: Guangzhou Bay

Time zone: Beijing time, UTC+8

Code: 440800

City Flower: Bauhinia

Zhanjiang city

Zhanjiang borders the South China Sea in the east, Beibu Gulf in the west and the Pacific Ocean in the south. It is in an important geostrategic position in the Asia-Pacific economic circle and has great economic functions. Zhanjiang used to be the second largest city in Guangdong after Guangzhou, and it is still one of the top 200 cities in China today! Zhanjiang Eco-city Construction Plan (2009-2050) was successfully passed by the Standing Committee of the Municipal People's Congress. In the future, Zhanjiang will build itself into an "ecological Zhanjiang and a blessed land in the bay" with the new identity of "ecological bay city", and strive to embark on a road of sustainable development that can demonstrate Guangdong and affect the national economic development and ecological protection. From the ancient and prosperous "Guangzhou Bay" in the past to the "Zhanjiang City" on the blue coast today, after a century of Cang Sang baptism, Zhanjiang City, one of the coastal open port cities in China 14, is not only full of vigor and vitality, but also warmly welcomes the great development opportunities in the 2 10 century, which will create more glories and more amazing myths. Gross domestic product: the city's GDP140.6 billion yuan, and the per capita GDP is 2065.438+042 yuan. (20 10) Jurisdiction: Leizhou City, Lianjiang City, Wuchuan City (three county-level cities) and xuwen county and Suixi County (two counties), as well as Chikan District, xiashan district, Potou District and Mazhang District (four districts). The main islands are: East Island, Nansan Island, Naozhou Island and Techeng Island. Government: Liu Xiaohua, Party Secretary, and Ruan Risheng, Mayor. Population: It accounts for about 7% of Guangdong Province and is the third largest city in Guangdong Province. Ethnic group: The population of the whole city is mostly Han nationality, and the minority population is 1, 654,38+0,000. Dialect: In addition to Leizhou dialect, many dialects are popular in Zhanjiang, including Wuchuan dialect, vernacular and elegant dialect. It is a city with complicated dialects in Guangdong Province. Leizhou dialect is mainly popular in Leizhou, Suixi, Xuwen and Mazhang, belonging to Minnan language family. Leizhou dialect/vernacular is popular in Xiashan and Chikan. Wuchuan dialect is mainly popular in Potou District and Wuchuan City, belonging to Cantonese Korean system. Elegant language is popular in some areas of Lianjiang, belonging to Hakka dialect.

administrative division

Zhanjiang has jurisdiction over 4 municipal districts, 2 counties and 3 county-level cities. (Note: the downtown area of Zhanjiang is Chikan District, xiashan district) Zhanjiang covers an area of12,490 square kilometers with a population of 7.25 million (2008). Full map of Zhanjiang City (click to view larger image)

Chikan District covers an area of 79 square kilometers and has a population of 207,000. Postal code 524033. Xiashan district (including Zhanjiang Economic and Technological Development Zone) covers an area of 120.9 square kilometers and has a population of 445,000. Postal code 524002. Potou District covers an area of 483 square kilometers and has a population of 372,000. Postal code 524057. Mazhang District (including Dongdao Development Experimental Zone) covers an area of 769 square kilometers with a population of 46 1 10,000. Postal code 524003. Wuchuan City, a county-level city in Mazhang Town, covers an area of 902.3 square kilometers and has a population of 1.007 million. Postal code is 524500. The Municipal People's Government is located in Meilong Street. Lianjiang covers an area of 2,644 square kilometers with a population of 1.509 million. The postal code is 524400. The Municipal People's Government is located in Luozhou Street. Leizhou City (formerly Haikang County) covers an area of 2,933.3 square kilometers and has a population of 1.484 million. Postal code 524200. Municipal People's Government in Leicheng Street. Suixi county covers an area of 2 144 square kilometers with a population of 740,000. Known as "the land of sweetness" and "the land of lion awakening". The postal code is 524300. County people's government in the town. Xuwen county covers an area of 1780 km2 and has a population of 560,000. Postal code 524 100. County People's Government is located in Procedural Street. The geographical names of the branches here are as of June 5438+February 2008; Area and population data According to the Administrative Division of the People's Republic of China (2005), the population is as of the end of 2008.

City honor

Zhanjiang is one of the first coastal cities opened to the outside world in China, a first-class city in China and 40 cities with excellent investment environment in China. Green Island Port City'-Beautiful Tropical Coastal City-Zhanjiang City'

199 1 won the honor of "greening city up to standard" in 2008. Since 1999, it has successively won the honorary titles of "Guangdong Sanitary City", "Guangdong Civilized City", "China Excellent Tourist City", "National Double Support Model City", "National Greening Standard City", "National Garden City" and "Top Ten Leisure Cities in China". Zhanjiang Maritime International Dragon Boat Invitational Tournament (the only honor in China since its establishment in 2007) 2065438+the 14th Guangdong Provincial Games Host City in 2004. 20 10 Zhanjiang was officially awarded the title of "China's seafood and food capital", becoming the first city in China to win this honor. 20 10 On July 3rd, Zhanjiang was awarded the "Demonstration City of Urban and Rural Construction in China". 2010165438+1October 1 1 was awarded "China Shrimp Capital". 20 10 12 12 was awarded as "Top Ten Green Cities in China". From 2009 to 20 10, it won the title of "Top Ten Leisure Cities in China" twice. 20 10 The 37th Miss World Tourism (Zhanjiang, Guangdong) Global Finals. Host city of "20 10 First Guangdong Ocean Economic Expo and First Zhanjiang Ocean Festival"

Geographical climate

Geographical location: Zhanjiang City is located at the southernmost tip of Chinese mainland, between north latitude10931'1055' and north latitude 20-2 1 35', including all of Leizhou Peninsula and a part of the northern peninsula. It borders the South China Sea and Hainan Province, a special economic zone in the east, Qiongzhou Strait in the south, Beibu Gulf in the west, Hepu, Bobai and Luchuan counties in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in the northwest and Maonan District, Huazhou and Dianbai counties in Maoming City in the northeast. The urban area is located in the northeast of Leizhou Peninsula, with east longitude 1 10 4' and north latitude 2 1 12'. Moon Lake in xiashan district Seaside Park

Geography: Zhanjiang's land is mostly composed of peninsulas and islands, with high terrain in the north and low terrain in the south, with Shuangfeng 'ao (382 meters) in Lianjiang City in the north as the highest point. The average elevation of this city is between 50 and 250 meters. Shuangfengzhang is the highest point in Zhanjiang, with an altitude of 382 meters. The larger rivers in Zhanjiang are: Jianjiang River, which flows 46 kilometers through Wuchuan City; Jiuzhou River, which flows 89 kilometers through Lianjiang City; Nandujiang River, which flows through Leizhou City for 88 kilometers; And the Leizhou Youth Canal, an artificial canal that flows through Lianjiang, Suixi, Leizhou and Mazhang. Climate: Zhanjiang, with the annual average temperature of 23.2℃, the highest in July, the monthly average of 28.9℃ and the highest of 38.1℃; The lowest 1, the monthly average 15.5℃, and the lowest degree reached 2.8℃. The temperature is pleasant, the vegetation is evergreen and there is no frost and snow all year round. Annual average precipitation 14 17- 1802, annual sunshine hours 1864-2 160 hours, annual total solar radiation102-1kloc.

regional center

Western Guangdong Economic Center and Beibu Gulf Economic Circle. The transportation center of western Guangdong and Beibu Gulf. Historically, Zhanjiang has been the largest city in western Guangdong and Beibu Gulf, including Maoming, Jiangmen and Yangjiang in Guangdong, Beihai and Fangchenggang in Guangxi. Zhanjiang is one of the top 50 cities with comprehensive strength and one of the top 40 cities with excellent infrastructure in China, with complete infrastructure, complete sea, land and air transportation, especially developed port transportation, and has been opened to more than 100 countries and regions. Railways include Lizhan Line, Sanmao Line and Zhanhai Line, which are connected with national railway trunk lines all over the country. There are national highways 207 and 325, as well as Shenhai Expressway and Yuzhan Expressway. Civil aviation airport is a 4D-class airport, extending in all directions, with more than 20 routes and hundreds of flights every week. Posts and telecommunications have developed rapidly. With perfect commercial facilities and prosperous transactions, it has formed a regional center for aquatic products, oil products, grain, steel, clothing, fruits and vegetables. Logistics center of southwest sea passage. At present, the materials imported and exported by Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Chongqing in Southwest China through Zhanjiang Port account for nearly 50% of the total import and export goods in the province, of which Guizhou Province accounts for 70%, and there are more than 100 offices and economic entities set up in Zhanjiang in Southwest China. In recent years, with the accelerated implementation of China's western development strategy, the southwest region has close ties with Zhanjiang. Zhanjiang has successively established sister city relations with Chengdu, Kunming and Guiyang, and held large-scale economic and trade fairs in these cities respectively, and signed economic and trade cooperation projects amounting to more than 40 billion yuan. Zhanjiang has begun to take shape, becoming the center of commodities, trade, labor and information in Southwest China and the main gateway for Southwest China to the world. Recently, especially, large enterprises in southwest China have visited Zhanjiang in succession, hoping to establish a base in Zhanjiang and strengthen economic cooperation and exchange center with the world through Zhanjiang as a bridgehead.

Port resources

Zhanjiang has a long coastline, dense ports and rich port resources. Among them, Zhanjiang Port, located in the northeast of Leizhou Peninsula, is a unique natural port with superior conditions, comparable to the most famous port in the world and can be developed into a world-class international port. This is the most important advantageous resource in Zhanjiang. The coastline of Zhanjiang Port is more than 460 kilometers long, and only the coastline of the inner port is 24 1 kilometer, which is three times that of Rotterdam Port, the world's first port. Among them, the deepwater coastline is 97 kilometers, which can be developed into an international port with an annual throughput of 654.38 billion tons. At present, Zhanjiang Port is only a part of the west coast of the inner port, and most of the coastline of the inner port has not been developed, which has great development potential. The water depth of the inner harbor waterway is generally 13 ~ 23 meters, of which the coastline from Longteng to Luwei in the northeast of Dongdao is 6.5 kilometers, and the water depth is 26 ~ 40 meters, which is 23 ~ 28 meters higher than the front of the World 10 port. The waterway is 300 meters away from the shore, which can pass in and out cargo ships with more than 300,000 tons and oil tankers with more than 500,000 tons, and can be built into a large port with an annual throughput of several hundred million tons. The sea area of the port area is 14 19 square kilometers, of which the sea area of the inner port is more than 200 square kilometers. The entrance channel is 2 kilometers wide, of which the 40-meter deep-water channel is 650 meters wide, and it can sail two pairs of freighters with more than 300,000 tons or tankers with more than 500,000 tons at the same time. Southern Dagang-Busy Zhanjiang Container Terminal

There is Naozhou Island as a natural barrier outside, and East Island and South Island are horns with each other, forming a natural harbor basin with good barrier and small wind and waves. The hydrological conditions are also very good, and the tidal range is large. The highest tidal level is 5.8m, the lowest tidal level is-0.02m, and the average tidal range is 2.6m.. The tidal current direction is basically the same as that of the waterway, and the rising tide is slow and the ebbing tide is fast, resulting in natural erosion of the waterway and harbor basin, and the siltation rate is only 3% to 4% of the throughput. After the completion of the new artificial waterway, the siltation rate will be greatly reduced. The annual average number of foggy days is only 25.3 days, and the fog image is very small. The annual average temperature is 23.65438 0℃, the highest temperature is 38.65438 0℃, and the lowest temperature is 2.8℃. It doesn't freeze all year round and can be navigable all year round. In addition, Zhanjiang Port has several remarkable characteristics: First, it has a unique geographical advantage, and is located in an important geographical position in the Asia-Pacific economic circle. It is the port with the shortest maritime distance between China's coast and Africa, the Middle East, Europe, Southeast Asia and Oceania, especially close to the markets in Southeast Asia and Europe, and has great advantages in transportation costs. Second, Zhanjiang Port is located at the end of Li Zhan Railway, and is closely connected with the vast southwest region through the connection of Li Zhan Railway and Gui Xiang Railway. Hinterland area 1 10,000 square kilometers, population over 200 million. This is a port with short railway distance and good conditions leading to the sea. Third, there is a good supporting environment. Zhanjiang Port is close to the urban area, with comparable economic strength, which can be relied on for development. There are East Island, the fifth largest island in China, as well as Naozhou Island, Nansan Island and some small islands, all of which have excellent development conditions. In particular, the East Island has been used as an experimental area for economic and technological development, and its development prospects are very broad. It is precisely because of the superior conditions of Zhanjiang Port that China began to build Zhanjiang Port in a planned way in the early 1950s, and it was completed and put into operation in May 1956. After more than 30 years' construction, Zhanjiang Port now has four loading and unloading areas with different transport functions and characteristics, and 23 productive berths, including 8 berths 18 with a maximum berth of 50,000 tons, oil pipeline length1/55 meters and annual oil transportation capacity10000 tons. There are more than 70 kilometers of special railway lines, trains can reach the border docks, various warehouses cover an area of more than 500,000 square meters, more than 600 sets of portal cranes and various loading and unloading machinery, the degree of mechanization of loading and unloading is over 80%, and the port throughput of 200 1 year is 28.48 million tons. As one of the eight largest ports in China, it is currently open to navigation with more than 80 countries and regions in the world, with more than 2,000 ships entering and leaving the port every year. "Harbor Zhanjiang, day and night, work hard. Look at the throughput, between you and me, Europe, Africa, America and Asia. " When Marshal Chen Yi visited Zhanjiang Port in the early 1960s, he wrote such a poem, which vividly described the busy scene of Zhanjiang Port, a big port in the south of the motherland. Now Zhanjiang Port is more prosperous. During the Eighth Five-Year Plan period, Zhanjiang Port was still one of the national key construction projects. Five 10,000-ton wharves will be built in the first operation area, and the inland railway13km will be built on the basis of the existing 74km dedicated railway line. In addition, the fifth operation area will be opened in Zhanjiang Economic and Technological Development Zone, and two 5000-ton berths will be built. With the development of East Island Economic and Technological Development Experimental Zone, East Island will build deep-water berths. According to the preliminary development plan of Zhanjiang Port 10, more than 10,000-ton berths 10 will be built during the Ninth Five-Year Plan period. Zhanjiang Port has entered the ranks of 100 million tons ports in China. On the occasion of the 5th anniversary of General Secretary Hu Jintao's inspection of Zhanjiang Port and the 30th anniversary of China's reform and opening-up, good news came from Zhanjiang Port-successful entry into a 100-million-ton port. By the end of 65438+February 15, the cargo throughput of Zhanjiang Port was1.001.60 billion tons, with a net increase of 1.345 billion tons and a year-on-year increase of 1.5%. It is estimated that the annual port cargo throughput can exceed1030,000 tons. Zhanjiang Port ranks among the 100-million-ton ports in China, which further strengthens the confidence and determination of our city to adhere to the "port prospering the city". At a new starting point, Zhanjiang Port will fully seize the opportunity of increasing investment, expanding domestic demand and ensuring development by the state and the province, and accelerate the construction of the southern port. The specific target is: 20 1 1 year, and the port cargo throughput of the whole city will reach more than10.50 billion tons, initially forming a regional shipping center and logistics center. 1899 From "Guangzhou Bay" to "Zhanjiang City", France forcibly leased the eastern coast of Suixi County (now Zhanjiang City), which was called "Ba Jarborg" by the French, and Zhanjiang's foreign trade was very prosperous. 1943, the Japanese invaders took over "Guangzhou Bay" from the French. After Japan surrendered in 45 years, the government of the Republic of China reclaimed Guangzhou Bay on September 2 1 of that year and established the Urban Management Bureau, with the original scope. Because it once belonged to Shenchuan County in history, there was Shenchuan Inspection Department on the East Island, and the ancient Shenchuan was also called Zhanchuan, so it was called Zhanchuan.

A long history

After the founding of New China, the People's Liberation Army successively liberated the whole territory of Zhanjiang. Since then, these five counties have successively been subordinate to the Administrative Supervision Department of Lu Nan, Gaotian, Yuexi, Zhanjiang and Zhanjiang. 1September, 983, Zhanjiang area merged with Zhanjiang City, and five counties were transferred to Zhanjiang City. Zhanjiang belongs to Suixi and Wuchuan counties in history. From the Sui Dynasty to the early Tang Dynasty, the old county village of Huguang Town in the suburbs was ruled by Tieba County and Suixi County successively. In the third year of Jingyan in Nanning (1278), Emperor Yu Ning was located in Naozhou Island in the urban area and was promoted to Naozhou as Xianglong County. From Hongwu period of Ming Dynasty to Yongzheng period of Qing Dynasty, Shenchuan Inspection Department was set up in the old counties and villages in the suburbs and Dongdao.

General situation of economy

Green eco-tourism

Huguangyan, Zhanjiang Mangrove National Nature Reserve, Wanxiang Lujiayuan, Zhanjiang Sanlingshan Provincial Forest Park, South Subtropical Crop Botanical Garden, Xuwen Shenzhou Mulan Garden, Zhanjiang Lujinyuan, Zhanjiang Hongye-French Loquat, Lanyuewan Hot Spring, Hedi Reservoir Chikan Reservoir, Chikan Nanqiao River, Chikan Beiqiao River, Leizhou Longmen Waterfall, Xuwen Xiangshuitan Waterfall and other large-scale theme tropical garden parks: Inch Jinqiao Park Nanqiao Park. South Tropical Garden, Guan Hai Corridor, China Zhanjiang Seaside Park, Fishing Port Park, Fox Xia Park, Xiashan Green Park, (under construction)-Fan Yin Park, Binhu Park and other characteristic rural tours &; Farmhouse: The most beautiful new countryside in Zhanjiang-Geling Village, Maliuliang Characteristic Rural Tourism Jinjiadong Characteristic Rural Tourism Techeng Island Characteristic Rural Tourism Charcoal House Characteristic Rural Tourism Village Liangwan Characteristic Rural Tourism, Zhanjiang Dongpo Litchi Garden Resort, Zhanjiang Yuxing Resort, etc.

A journey of red soil culture and customs

Leizhou West Lake Park, Leizhou Sanyuanta Park, Leizu Temple, the mysterious Leizhou Shigou Xuwen Guisheng Academy, Wuyang Town, the hometown of Wuchuan Champion, Xuwen Guangzhou Club, Zhanjiang Jinghai Palace, Zhanjiang Fushoushan Jade Buddha Temple, Zhanjiang Museum, Leizhou Museum, Xuwen Museum, Guangdong Ocean University Aquatic Biology Museum, etc. World-famous.

Lighthouse: Weizhou Island Lighthouse (one of the only two crystal-mirror lighthouses in the world at present, together with London Lighthouse and Cape of Good Hope Lighthouse, it is also known as the world-famous three lighthouses), the southernmost lighthouse in Chinese mainland-Jiaowei Lighthouse.

other

Zhanjiang Sports Center (free), Chikan Pedestrian Street, Xiashan Pedestrian Street, Jackfruit Street-Chikan Xingfu Road, etc.